L3C宇宙线实验中Z0数据的分析

μ子动量谱的精确测量是L3C宇宙线实验最重要的目标之一.事例重建的好坏是该测量的关键,而能量确定的衰变为双μ子的事例是检验重建程序的最好手段.该数据分析利用在2000年中获取的数据作为样本,筛选出了LEP在2000年4月、5月、8月和9月等Z⁰能量运行期间L3C宇宙线实验数据中记录的Z⁰→μ⁺μ^－事例数据,得到通过重建程序后动量为45GeV的μ子动量分辨率为(5.4?7±0.25)%.     

对1014—1016eV能区宇宙线多μ现象的分析

在不同成分初级宇宙线入射的情况下, 用强子相互作用的Scaling模型加上大横动量喷注产生机制来模拟宇宙线多μ现象. 结果表明, 重核对于深层地下多μ事例中μ子多重数高的事例有明显的贡献. 但在重核为主的假设下, 产生的事例数仍小于实验值, 预示多μ事例还有其他来源. 多μ事例的横向分布与实验基本一致.     

对10~(14)—10~(16)eV能区宇宙线多μ现象的分析

在不同成分初级宇宙线入射的情况下,用强子相互作用的Scaling模型加上大横动量喷注产生机制来模拟宇宙线多μ现象.结果表明,重核对于深层地下多μ事例中μ子多重数高的事例有明显的贡献.但在重核为主的假设下,产生的事例数仍小于实验值,预示多μ事例还有其他来源.多μ事例的横向分布与实验基本一致.     

北京谱仪上宇宙线μ样本的选择

通过对北京谱仪(BES)所记录到的宇宙线事例的挑选和校正重建,得到了BES上数量很大、动量分布宽广的高纯度的μ样本.所得样本已经用于Ds物理研究.     

L3+Cμ子探测器中宇宙线多μ事例的径迹寻找

描述了在L3+C实验的大型漂移室中基于组合Hough变换(CHT)的径迹寻找方法.针对宇宙线事例中μ子方向近似平行的特点,从径迹段的方向的直方图可估算出事例的主方向,从而大大优化寻找完整径迹的Hough变换.跨卦重建程序可高效率的重建多重度在50以下的宇宙线多μ事例     

一种运动学拟合的新方法

介绍了在事例重建中使用的一种运动学拟合的新方法.在这种新方法中使用了ragulafalsi方法来处理约束方程,代替了常用的线性近似法.同时利用了E705/E771实验的J/ψ→μ⁺+μ^－蒙特卡罗数据检验了本方法,发现动量分辨率在新方法中有明显的提高.     

中微子六十年

 中微子质量的测量方法有直接和间接两种.通常的探测器是探测不到的中微子,但可由能动量守恒以及事例终态的重建得出事例的丢失质量,由此得出中微子质量,这种方法称为直接法.从β衰变的电子能谱确定电子中微子质量用的就是此法.μ子族中微子和τ子族中微子质量也是用这种方法得出的.此外,还有采用中微子振荡和双β衰变法,这些是间接法.1)β衰变的能谱测量:β衰变中发射的电子能谱具有形状（如果电子中微子具有质量m_v）.     

BESⅢμ子鉴别器μ,π鉴别的研究

用事件产生软件PYTHIA模拟了τ粲能区正负电子对撞的各反应道,得到各反应道产生末态μ子的截面和动量分布.用模拟软件Geant3对BESⅢ的μ子鉴别器进行了模拟.对动量为0?.5GeV/c以上的μ子和π介子的模拟数据,用BP神经网络方法和Fisher判别方法进行μ,π鉴别.BP神经网络具有非线性的模式识别能力,其μ,π鉴别效果显著优于线性的Fisher方法     

海拔3200米的μ子垂直微分动量谱

在海拔3200米的云南高山实验室(地磁刚度14GeV), 利用改进了的G-M计数管磁谱仪和吸收谱仪, 测量了动量在(0.4—250GeV/c)范围的宇宙线μ子垂直微分动量谱和μ子荷电比, 并与相同高度的μ谱比较基本相符. 实验给出的谱在动量大于150GeV/c以上与O.C.Allkofer等人的海平面μ谱也符合得很好. μ子荷电比在5—100GeV/c动量范围几乎是常数, 其值为1.30±0.06.     

大天顶角超高能宇宙线μ子能谱

从甘巴拉山乳胶室中选取18个大天顶角(θ≥70°)事例, 对这些事例进行了初步分析. 从而给出μ子在产生能量大于3TeV时的电磁簇射流强与能谱.     

Melt growth of highly pure CdBr2 crystals and study of their polytypism

Very high purity single crystals have been successfully grown by the method of vertical zone refining. The problem of excessive evaporation of the material, confronted by the earlier workers, has been successfully overcome. The purity of the crystals has been tested by D. C. conductivity measurements and further confirmed by U. V. spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction has been employed for the characterization of the crystals. The crystals have been found to crystallize exclusively in 6R polytypic modifications, without any arcing and streaking on their X-ray photographs. The results have been discussed in relation to the effect of impurities on polytype formation.     

弱激光调节血红蛋白活性的机理分析

运用物理方法就弱激光对血液中蛋白质活性的调节,主要是对酶活性的激发与抑制进行了分析.认为在激光照射下,血液中蛋白质分子发生了喇曼散射吸收,分子的振动和转动能级发生了从低能级向高能级的跃迁,而且在光压的作用下,蛋白质分子的动能也增加了,从而血液中的蛋白质大分子的总能量E增加;从能量的观点说明,为什么小剂量激光照射时对酶有激活作用,而大剂量照射时则有抑制作用.     

行波管中静态轨迹的研究

 研究了行波管中均匀聚焦磁场和周期永磁聚焦磁场对轨迹波动的影响。推导了这两种磁场下轨迹波动周期和幅值,讨论了磁场强度对轨迹的影响。解释了聚焦磁场存在小的波动的原因,并且通过计算得出小波动的周期为磁场周期的1/2,揭示了在周期永磁聚焦磁场下,电子轨迹近似等效于周期为周期永磁聚焦磁场1/2的小波动和均匀磁场形成的波动轨迹的叠加。利用电子科技大学编写的微波管模拟套装中的3维注-波互作用模块进行了静态轨迹计算,验证了理论推导。     

Studies of phase transitions and ferroelastic domain walls in Pb5Al3F19 crystals by optical measurements

Three phase transitions between 100 and 400 K were previously shown by X-ray diffraction measurements. Such results have been confirmed by optical measurements on crystals. The thermal dependence of the birefringence has been determined. A new phase transformation has been shown at around 590 K not only by optical study but also by dielectric measurements. Ferroelastic domain-walls have been visualized. The sequence transition has been discussed taking into account the various space groups.     

Investigation of the ETA-BETA II plasma edge by surface analysis of collector probes

To investigate the ion flux escaping from the plasma and the impurity flux released by the wall, collector probes made of graphite, silicon and titanium have been exposed to the deuterium plasma confined in the toroidal device ETA BETA II. The damages on the collector surfaces have been surveyed by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) apparatus. The deuterium and impurity retention have been measured by elastic recoil detection (ERD) and Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) techniques respectively. The implantation build-up has been investigated as a function of the exposure time. The deuterium dose in graphite saturates after a few discharges, whereas the metal impurities exhibit a linear increase in time. The deuterium flux and its radial dependence, inferred from the implanted concentrations, have been compared with those measured by Langmuir probes. Metal impurities have been identified and their relative abundances have been compared with the material wall composition. The impurity flux is found consistent with the global content in the plasma derived by spectroscopic measurements. The deuterium dose measured in different samples has been related to the backscattering coefficient of the materials. Finally, to investigate the damage on sample probes facing the plasma particle flow, erosion probes made of vitreous graphite with silver implanted at a fixed depth have been exposed to the plasma and the thickness change after exposure recovered.     

Acoustic analog of monolayer graphene and edge states

Acoustic analog of monolayer graphene has been designed by using silicone rubber spheres of honeycomb lattices embedded in water. The dispersion of the structure has been studied theoretically using the rigorous multiple-scattering method. The energy spectra with the Dirac point have been verified and zigzag edge states have been found in ribbons of the structure, which are analogous to the electronic ones in graphene nanoribbons. The guided modes along the zigzag edge excited by a point source have been numerically demonstrated. The open cavity and “Z” type edge waveguide with 60° corners have also been realized by using such edge states.     

基于悬臂梁的光纤光栅线性调谐

理论上对不同厚度的“凸”字形悬臂梁的调谐能力进行了分析,实验中选用适当尺寸的悬臂梁,对粘贴基上的光纤光栅的反射波长实现了线性调谐,并观察到由于梁轴向应力的梯度分布造成的啁啾输出现象,指出选用长度较短的光栅可以减小谱的展宽量。     

Formation and microstructural investigation of Ag-Cu alloy nanoclusters embedded in SiO2 formed by sequential ion implantation

We report on the formation of alloy nanoclusters in silica by Ag/Cu ion sequential implantation. The formation of alloy nanocluster has been evidenced by optical absorption spectra, selected area electron diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectra. The microstructure characters of nanoclusters have been studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The lattice distortion of some nanoclusters has been observed. A model has been given to explain the distortion. Some defects (partial dislocation, stacking faults) have been found in nanoclusters.     

Synthesis,growth and characterization of 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde-4-nitrophenylhydrazone single crystals

4-Dimethylaminobenzaldehyde-4-nitrophenylhydrazone (DANPH) single crystals exhibit polymorphism such as DANPH-G form (greenish red) and DANPH-R form (red). The different polymorphic phases of the grown crystals have been identified by X-ray diffraction studies. The functional groups of the crystals have been identified by FT-IR study. Crystallographically independent environment of polymorphs has been confirmed by NMR study. The thermal properties such as melting and decomposition temperatures of the compound have been analyzed. Optical constants of DANPH polymorph crystals have been calculated.     

Parameter-dependent photon echo induced in CdSe/ZnS quantum dot quantum well

The two pulse photon echo (2PPE) phenomena induced by the 1s-1s electronic transition in CdSe/ZnS quantum dot quantum well (QDQW) has been studied by employing semiconductor Bloch equations. The energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of electrons and holes have been obtained by solving the stationary Schrödinger equation under effective-mass approximation. The Coulomb interaction, which changes with the size variation of QDQW, has been calculated and analyzed as a perturbation. The variations of the electric transition dipole moment and the energy interval with the changing of the size and structure of the QDQW have also been obtained. It has been shown from the numerical calculation results that the efficiency of 2PPE can be controlled by the variation of the size and structure of the QDQW and the mechanism has been explained in terms of the quantum size confined effect (QSCE) theory.