共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 250 毫秒
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X光晶体本征参量的实验标定是准确鉴定X光晶体种类和品质,研制各种类型晶体谱仪,X光线谱定量测量和高分辨X光单能成像的基础.基于X射线衍射仪,通过制作平面晶体样品架,采取控制X射线管电源、滤波片选取和厚度控制等措施,极大地抑制了Cu-Kβ及韧致辐射,使X射线管光源Cu-Kα单能化,提出了用滤片作为光源单能化的判据.对X光线谱测量中常用的X光分光晶体季戊四醇的晶格常量2d和Cu-Kα能点的积分衍射效率Rc进行了标定方法研究,其标定值分别为(0.874 25±0.000 42)nm和(1.759±0.024)×10-4 Rad.基于X射线衍射仪的X光晶体本征参量的精密实验标定方法既快速高效,且十分方便和灵活.通过更换衍射仪的X射线管靶材,采取类似方法,可以标定其它能点的晶体积分衍射效率,可为X光晶体的本征参量库提供更多的标定数据. 相似文献
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同步辐射光源中的高次谐波会使透射光栅衍射效率标定精度变差。为了校正光源中的高次谐波对透射光栅衍射效率标定的影响,提出了一种光源存在弱谐波情况下的透射光栅衍射效率标定方法,通过使用谐波X射线的衍射效率修正基波衍射效率标定中谐波的影响,从而得到更为准确的透射光栅衍射效率。使用该标定方法在北京同步辐射光源上开展了透射光栅相对衍射效率标定工作。实验结果表明:在100~800eV存在高次谐波能段,修正后透射光栅一级与零级的相对衍射效率与理论模拟结果吻合较好,修正后光栅二级与一级的相对衍射效率更接近理论模拟结果,但与理论模拟结果仍有较大偏差,该偏差主要来源光栅较弱的二级衍射。 相似文献
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同步辐射光源中的高次谐波会使透射光栅衍射效率标定精度变差。为了校正光源中的高次谐波对透射光栅衍射效率标定的影响,提出了一种光源存在弱谐波情况下的透射光栅衍射效率标定方法,通过使用谐波X射线的衍射效率修正基波衍射效率标定中谐波的影响,从而得到更为准确的透射光栅衍射效率。使用该标定方法在北京同步辐射光源上开展了透射光栅相对衍射效率标定工作。实验结果表明:在100~800 eV存在高次谐波能段,修正后透射光栅一级与零级的相对衍射效率与理论模拟结果吻合较好,修正后光栅二级与一级的相对衍射效率更接近理论模拟结果,但与理论模拟结果仍有较大偏差,该偏差主要来源光栅较弱的二级衍射。 相似文献
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基于X射线衍射仪运行的稳定性和角度的精密控制能力,以平面季戊四醇(PET)晶体为样品,对晶体的积分衍射效率标定方法进行了实验研究。实验的光源是Cu靶X射线管,通过适当选取镍滤片和精细控制管电压,极大地抑制了Kβ线谱和韧致辐射,实现了Kα线能量单色化。正比计数器前端的狭缝是0.05mm,采用0.001°的步进角度对源强和Kα线衍射峰分别进行扫描。数据处理后得出在Cu的Kα线能点(8047.823eV)处,该平面PET晶体的积分衍射效率是(1.759±0.002)×10-4 rad。实验结果表明该方法可以在实验室条件下快速、方便地完成平面晶体积分衍射效率的标定。 相似文献
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以掺杂4 mol%Hf4+的LiNbO3:Fe:Hf系列晶体([Li]/[Nb]比变化)为研究对象,研究了系列晶体的可见吸收光谱,在632.8nm的写入光下晶体的衍射效率、灵敏度和抗光散射能力在不同[Li]/[Nb]下的变化规律.研究发现Hf4+的浓度达到阈值浓度后,随着[Li]/[Nb]比的增大,晶体的可见吸收边会发生红移,而且晶格中[Fe2+]/[Fe3+]也会增加,这就导致随着[Li]/[Nb]比的增加,样品的衍射效率逐渐减小,写入时间缩短,灵敏度增大.同时,在晶体中,随着[Li]/[Nb]的增大,陷阱中心Fe2+Li数量增大会使得晶体抗光散射能力减弱. 相似文献
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介绍了单光子计数型CCD的工作原理。实验选择参数准确的X射线放射源前向辐照CCD的像元面,计数由此产生;通过积分获得X射线的强度分布,在CCD处于单光子计数状态下,扣除本底信号,得到该型CCD产生一个计数所需的光子能量,约6.453 eV。标定了该型CCD的探测效率。结果表明:在单光子计数型CCD的有效能区内,对于不同能量的入射光子,其探测效率不同,在5.3 keV处获得最高探测效率66%;随着能量的增大,探测效率降低。标定结果可为激光等离子体研究中定量测量X射线光谱提供实验参考。 相似文献
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In this paper, we provide polynomial coefficients and a semi-empirical relation using which one can derive photon mass energy
absorption coefficient of any H-, C-, N-, O-based sample of biological interest containing any other elements in the atomic
number range 2–40 and energy range 200–1500 keV. More interestingly, it has been observed in the present work that in this
energy range, both the mass attenuation coefficients and the mass energy absorption coefficients for such samples vary only
with respect to energy. Hence it was possible to represent the photon interaction properties of such samples by a mean value
of these coefficients. By an independent study of the variation of the mean mass attenuation coefficient as well as mass energy
absorption coefficient with energy, two simple semi-empirical relations for the photon mass energy absorption coefficients
and one relation for the mass attenuation coefficient have been obtained in the energy range 200–1500 keV. It is felt that
these semi-empirical relations can be very handy and convenient in biomedical and other applications. One possible significant
conclusion based on the results of the present work is that in the energy region 200–1500 keV, the photon interaction characteristics
of any H-, C-, N-, O-based sample of biological interest which may or may not contain any other elements in the atomic number
range 2–40 can be represented by a sample-independent (single) but energy-dependent mass attenuation coefficient and mass
energy absorption coefficient.
相似文献
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Measurement of integral diffraction coefficients of crystals on beamline 4B7 of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility
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Integral diffraction coefficients of the crystal are the essential data of a crystal spectrometer which is extensively used to measure quantitative x-ray spectra of high temperature plasmas in kilo-electron-volt region. An experimental method has been developed to measure the integral diffraction coefficients of crystals on beamline 4B7 of Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The integral diffraction coefficients of several crystals including polyethylene terephthalate (PET), thallium acid phthalate (TlAP) and rubidium acid phthalate (RAP) crystals have been measured in the x-ray energy range 2100--5600 eV and compared with the calculations of the 'Darwin Prins' and the 'Mosaic' models. It is shown that the integral diffraction coefficients of these crystals are between the calculations of the 'Darwin Prins' and the 'Mosaic' models, but more close to the `Darwin Prins' model calculations. 相似文献
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Lithium sodium sulfate (LiNaSO4)single crystal is synthesized and grown by the slow evaporation of supersaturated aqueous solution at constant temperature (303 K). Powder X-ray diffraction is measured at room temperature in order to identify the grown crystal. Transmittance and reflectance measurements are used to study the optical properties of this crystal at room temperature phase (β-LiNaSO4). The type of transition is determined. The values of optical energy gap, phonon energy and phonon equivalent temperature are calculated. Refractive index and extinction coefficient are calculated as functions of photon energy. The obtained optical data of β-LiNaSO4 crystal are used to check the validity of both Wemple-DiDomenico and Cauchy-Sellimaier dispersion relations. Normal dispersion parameters of this crystal are calculated for the first time. 相似文献
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针对强光一号加速器(约1.5 MA,80~100 ns)Z箍缩铝丝阵实验设计和研制了一套弯晶谱仪,采用邻苯二甲酸氢铊(TlAP)晶体对辐射能谱进行色散,用X射线胶片记录连续辐射谱型,谱仪测谱范围为1.8~3.0 keV。以第10084发次平面型铝丝阵负载实验为例,获得了具有轴向分辨的时间积分辐射谱型,对其中某一热斑处的数据进行处理得到了该区域等离子体时间积分电子温度约为520(135%)eV。 相似文献
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XDS: a flexible beamline for X‐ray diffraction and spectroscopy at the Brazilian synchrotron
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F. A. Lima M. E. Saleta R. J. S. Pagliuca M. A. Eleotério R. D. Reis J. Fonseca Júnior B. Meyer E. M. Bittar N. M. Souza-Neto E. Granado 《Journal of synchrotron radiation》2016,23(6):1538-1549
The majority of the beamlines at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source Laboratory (LNLS) use radiation produced in the storage‐ring bending magnets and are therefore currently limited in the flux that can be used in the harder part of the X‐ray spectrum (above ~10 keV). A 4 T superconducting multipolar wiggler (SCW) was recently installed at LNLS in order to improve the photon flux above 10 keV and fulfill the demands set by the materials science community. A new multi‐purpose beamline was then installed at the LNLS using the SCW as a photon source. The XDS is a flexible beamline operating in the energy range between 5 and 30 keV, designed to perform experiments using absorption, diffraction and scattering techniques. Most of the work performed at the XDS beamline concentrates on X‐ray absorption spectroscopy at energies above 18 keV and high‐resolution diffraction experiments. More recently, new setups and photon‐hungry experiments such as total X‐ray scattering, X‐ray diffraction under high pressures, resonant X‐ray emission spectroscopy, among others, have started to become routine at XDS. Here, the XDS beamline characteristics, performance and a few new experimental possibilities are described. 相似文献
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An experimental facility was built where films of solid deuterium (and hydrogen) may be made with known thickness and irradiated
with pulsed beams of electrons (up to 3 keV) and light ions (up to 10 keV). Films are made on a target plate held at 2.5–3
K. Film growth rate is calibrated with a quartz crystal film thickness monitor. The target plate, which can be heated so that
films are removable by evaporation, may be used both as a calorimeter and as a beam current collector. Methods for measurement
of secondary electron emission coefficients were developed, and preliminary measurements were made with electrons and hydrogen
ions. For electron bombardment, the secondary electron emission coefficient of solid deuterium was much smaller than one.
It was shown possible to use the set-up to study beam desorption of very thin films. Furthermore the set-up could be used
for measuring the energy-reflection coefficient γ (i.e. the fraction of beam energy reflected from the target) for protons
impinging on a heavy target material by using the target as a calorimeter. 相似文献
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Detailed calibration of the PI-LCX:1300 high performance single photon counting hard x-ray CCD camera
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X-ray charge-coupled-device(CCD) camera working in single photon counting mode is a type of x-ray spectrometer with high-sensitivity and superior signal-to-noise performance. In this study, two single photon counting CCD cameras with the same mode(model: PI-LCX: 1300) are calibrated with quasi-monochromatic x-rays from radioactive sources and a conventional x-ray tube. The details of the CCD response to x-rays are analyzed by using a computer program of multi-pixel analyzing and event-distinguishing capability. The detection efficiency, energy resolution, fraction of multi-pixel events each as a function of x-ray energy, and consistence of two CCD cameras are obtained. The calibrated detection efficiency is consistent with the detection efficiency from Monte Carlo calculations with XOP program. When the multi-pixel event analysis is applied, the CCDs may be used to measure x-rays up to 60 ke V with good energy resolution(E /?E ≈ 100 at60 ke V). The difference in detection efficiency between two CCD cameras is small(5.6% at 5.89 ke V), but the difference in fraction of the single pixel event between them is much larger(25% at 8.04 ke V). The obtained small relative error of detection efficiency(2.4% at 5.89 ke V) makes the high accurate measurement of x-ray yield possible in the laser plasma interaction studies. Based on the discrete calibration results, the calculated detection efficiency with XOP can be used for the whole range of 5 ke V–30 ke V. 相似文献
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The combined effects of hydrostatic pressure, presence and absence of hydrogenic donor impurity are investigated on the linear and nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes of a GaAs/Ga1−xAlxAs nanowire superlattice. The wave functions and corresponding eigenvalues are calculated using finite difference method in the framework of effective mass approximation. Analytical expressions for the linear and third order nonlinear optical absorption coefficients and refractive index changes are obtained by means of compact-density matrix formalism. The linear and third order nonlinear absorption coefficient and refractive index changes are presented as a function of photon energy for different values of hydrostatic pressure, incident photon intensity and relaxation time in the presence and absence of hydrogenic donor impurity. It is found that the linear and third order nonlinear absorption coefficients, refractive index changes and resonance energy are quite sensitive to the presence of impurity and applied hydrostatic pressure. Moreover, the saturation in optical spectrum and relaxation time can be adjusted by increasing pressure in presence of impurity whereas the effect of hydrostatic pressure is negligible in the case of absence of hydrogenic impurity. 相似文献