Stereospecific analysis of the triacylglycerols of a cottonseed oil hydrogenate and its fractions

A cottonseed oil hydrogenate has been fractionated into three fractions: high-melting, medium-melting, and liquid. It has been established that the fat of the second fraction, because of its physicochemical indices, consistency, and the distribution of the saturated fatty acyl radicals in the extreme positions of the TAG molecules, can be regarded as a cocoa butter substitute.     

Stereospecific analysis of the triacylglycerols of a cottonseed oil hydrogenate and its fractions

A cottonseed oil hydrogenate has been fractionated into three fractions: high-melting, medium-melting, and liquid. It has been established that the fat of the second fraction, because of its physicochemical indices, consistency, and the distribution of the saturated fatty acyl radicals in the extreme positions of the TAG molecules, can be regarded as a cocoa butter substitute.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 509–513, July–August, 1987.     

Extraction of cottonseed oil

Summary It has been shown that oil of the best quality is obtained on its selective extraction by hexane. Subsequent extraction from the meal of gossypol by 70–80% aqueous, and then dry, acetone permits meal to be obtained with a light cream color containing 0.02% of free gossypol. The omission of dry acetone leads to a darkening of the meal.It has been established that it is possible to achieve a reduction in the consumption of solvents on the direct extraction of cottonseed flake by using weak oil and gossypol miscellas.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 170–173, March–April, 1978.     

Triacylglycerols of fractionated cottonseed oil

The fatty-acid and triacylglycerol compositions of forepressing cottonseed oil and the refined and standard oils, and also of the palmitin fraction have been studied. It has been shown that the scheme of fractionation adopted does not give a clear separation of cottonseed oil into salad oil and palmitin. It has been found that typical compositions of the diunsaturated-monosaturated TAGs of the forepressing and refined and salad oils are practically the same, while the amount of diun-saturated-monosaturated TAGs in the palmitin fraction is far higher than in the others.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. SredazNIPKIPishcheprom [Central Asian Scientific-Research, Design, and Construction Institute of the Food Industry], Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 161–163, March–April, 1981.     

The hydroxy acids of cottonseed oil

It has been established that the oil of the ripe seeds of the cotton plant of variety 108-F contains 9,10-epoxyoctadec-cis-12-enoic (I) and 12,13-epoxyoctadec-cis-9-enoic (II) acids. In addition, 9-hydroxyoctadecacis,trans-10,12-dienoic (III) and 13-hydroxyoctadeca-cis,trans-9,11-dienoic (IV) acids, found previously in other oils, have been detected.     

The hydroxy acids of cottonseed oil

Summary It has been established that the oil of the ripe seeds of the cotton plant of variety 108-F contains 9,10-epoxyoctadec-cis-12-enoic (I) and 12,13-epoxyoctadec-cis-9-enoic (II) acids. In addition, 9-hydroxyoctadecacis,trans-10,12-dienoic (III) and 13-hydroxyoctadeca-cis,trans-9,11-dienoic (IV) acids, found previously in other oils, have been detected.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 591–593, September–October, 1976.     

A mass-spectrometric study of the hydroxy acids of cottonseed oil

Eight new components of the hydoxy acids have been found in the seed oil of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent 1: six monohydroxy acids, of which three are isomeric hydroxyoctadecenoic, two are hydroxyheptadecenoic, and one is a hydroxy-octadecanoic acid, and two polyhydroxy acids — trihydroxystearic and dihydroxy-octadecinoic acids. The main acids in the combined material were 12-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid and a trihydroxydecanoic acid.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 436–443, July–August, 1981. Original article submitted January 20, 1981.     

Evaluation of polyblends of cottonseed protein and polycaprolactone plasticized by cottonseed oil

Recently, there has been an increasing trend toward replacing conventional fossil-based plastics with bioplastics that are eco-friendly and biodegradable. In this work, blends of polycaprolactone (PCL) and cottonseed protein plasticized with cottonseed oil were made and analyzed for their mechanical, adhesive, and thermal properties. The addition of water-washed cottonseed meal (WCSM) to PCL increased the Young’s modulus but decreased the tensile strength and elongation-at-break of PCL. The addition of cottonseed oil to the PCL/WCSM blend kept the tensile strength about the same but enhanced the elongation. The PCL blends with WCSM and cottonseed protein isolate gave about the same mechanical properties, both somewhat better than the PCL/soy protein isolate blend. As plasticizers, cottonseed oil performed slightly better than coconut oil, both better than poly(ethylene glycol). The addition of WCSM and cottonseed oil (up to a PCL:WCSM:plasticizer ratio of 60:40:20) did not change the adhesive performance of PCL on fiberboard. Thus, the combination of PCL/cottonseed protein/cottonseed oil seems to be a viable bioplastic, and one possible application for this material may be in the hot melt adhesive area.     

Stereospecific analysis of the triacylglycerols of cottonseed oil

A stereospecific analysis has been made of the triacylglycerols of cottonseed oil, as a result of which it has been established that the saturated and 16:1 acids mainly occupy the sn-1 position, while 18:1 and 18:2 acids esterify the sn-2 and sn-3 positions of the triacylglycerides to equal extents.     

Fe-Ca磁性固体碱催化剂上菜籽油酯交换反应

采用原位沉淀法合成了双功能磁性固体碱催化剂CaO·γ-Fe₂O₃,用于催化菜籽油酯交换反应制备生物柴油。利用XRD、BET、TG-DTA、SEM和VSM对催化剂进行了表征,用ICP-AES对产物脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)中Ca、Fe残留量进行了测定。结果表明,Fe和Ca两种组分间有较好复合,催化剂显示出较好的磁学性能,饱和磁化率达到45.7emu/g,明显高于文献报道的磁性碱催化剂。在温和的反应条件(常压、64℃、催化剂加入量为油重的2.5%、醇油摩尔比15、转速750r/min)下,反应2h,重复使用前三次酯交换反应转化率都维持在95%左右。     

Purification of crude cottonseed oil and technical gossypol on a chitin sorbent

It has been shown that the use of chitin (technical), which is a production waste, as adsorbent permits the clarification of black cottonseed oil and the purification of technical gossypol.     

Characterization of cottonseed protein isolate as a paper additive

There is current interest in using agro-based biopolymers in industrial applications. Because cottonseed protein is abundantly available, it would be useful to explore its feasibility as a polymeric additive and possible substitute for petroleum-based materials. In this work, we studied cottonseed protein isolate as a paper additive and observed its effects on the paper’s dry and wet strength. The tensile strength of paper was found to vary with the amount of the protein applied. By application of an 11% protein solution to the paper, the dry and wet strength increased by 33 and 16% compared with the paper by itself, respectively. The combined use of cottonseed protein and an acid (acetic, adipic, aspartic, and citric acids) to promote adhesion resulted in even greater dry paper strength but not in greater wet paper strength. Thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopic studies suggested that the protein interacted with acid and that both components interacted with paper fibers to produce increased strength.     

Purification of crude cottonseed oil and technical gossypol on a chitin sorbent

It has been shown that the use of chitin (technical), which is a production waste, as adsorbent permits the clarification of black cottonseed oil and the purification of technical gossypol.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organometallic Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 753–758, November–December, 1991.     

双核碱性离子液体催化棉籽油酯交换制备生物柴油

采用两步法制备了五种新型咪唑类碱性双核功能化离子液体化合物,并考察了对棉籽油酯交换制备生物柴油的催化性能。结果表明,咪唑类碱性双核功能化离子液体具有很好的催化活性,其催化活性与阳离子中碳链长度有关。其中,双-(3-甲基-1-咪唑)亚乙基双氢氧化物离子液体的催化活性最好。催化剂量、反应时间、反应温度及醇油比对生物柴油中脂肪酸甲酯含量及选择性影响的研究发现,在催化剂用量为0.4%(质量分数),醇油摩尔比为12,反应温度为55℃,反应时间为4 h时,脂肪酸甲酯的含量和选择性分别达98.5%和99.9%。催化剂7次循环后,产物中脂肪酸甲酯含量仍达到96.2%,单甘酯和双甘酯的含量很少,表明该催化剂重复使用良好。     

Determination of the content of hydroxy groups in cottonseed oil

IR spectroscopy has been used to determine the content of hydroxy groups in cottonseed oil in relation to the periods of ripening. It has been found that the largest amount of hydroxy groups is present in the oil of the early stages of ripeness.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 300–303, May–June, 1979.     

The fatty acid composition of the phospholipids of cottonseed oil

Summary 1. The phospholipids of cottonseed oil contain ten fatty acids.2. The positions of the double bonds in the aliphatic chain in the newly discovered unsaturated fatty acids — palmitlinoleic, palmitlinolenic, linolenic, and eicosadienic — have been established by the method of gas-liquid chromatography: they are present at the 6, 9; 6, 9, 12; 9, 12, 15; and 11, 14 carbon atoms, respectively, counting from the carboxyl end of the chain. A saturated fatty acid (myristic) has been found in the phospholipids of cottonseed oil for the first time.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 199–201, 1965