IDENTIFICATION OF MODAL PARAMETERS FROM MEASURED OUTPUT DATA USING VECTOR BACKWARD AUTOREGRESSIVE MODEL

In this paper, a modal identification system that is based on the vector backward autoregressive (VBAR) model has been developed for the identification of natural frequencies, damping ratios and mode shapes of structures from measured output data. The modal identification using forward autoregressive approach has some problems in discriminating the structure modes from spurious modes. On the contrary, the VBAR approach provides a determinate boundary for the separation of system modes from spurious modes, and an eigenvalue filter for the selection of physical modes is existent in the proposed method. For convenience of application, the backward state equation established from VBAR model is transformed into a forward state equation, which is termed as transformed VFAR model in this paper. In addition, the extraction of equivalent system matrix of state equation of motion for structures from the transformed VFAR model has been developed, and then the normal modes can be calculated from the identified equivalent system matrix. Two examples of modal identification are carried out to demonstrate the availability and effectiveness of the proposed backward approach: (1) Numerical modal identification for a three-degree-of-freedom dynamic system with noise level in 20% of r.m.s of measured output data; (2) experimental modal identification of a cantilever beam. Finally, to show the advantage of the proposed VBAR approach on the selection of physical modes, the modal identification by stochastic subspace method was performed. The results from both methods are compared.     

应用预蒸发技术燃烧液体燃料

本文介绍了一种燃烧液体燃料的新技术－预蒸发燃烧技术：通过分离液体燃料的蒸发过程和燃烧过程,实现液体燃料的“气体化”燃烧;重点介绍利用液体燃料着火前存在的冷焰燃烧现象实现燃料预蒸发的技术原理。与传统的燃烧技术相比,液体燃料的预蒸发燃烧具有高效率、低噪音、低有害污染物特别是ＮＯｘ排放、和易调节等优点。     

STRUCTURAL DAMAGE DETECTION BASED ON A MICRO-GENETIC ALGORITHM USING INCOMPLETE AND NOISY MODAL TEST DATA

This paper describes a procedure for detecting structural damage based on a micro-genetic algorithm using incomplete and noisy modal test data. As the number of sensors used to measure modal data is normally small when compared with the degrees of freedom of the finite element model of the structure, the incomplete mode shape data are first expanded to match with all degrees of freedom of the finite element model under consideration. The elemental energy quotient difference is then employed to locate the damage domain approximately. Finally, a micro-genetic algorithm is used to quantify the damage extent by minimizing the errors between the measured data and numerical results. The process may be either of single-level or implemented through two-level search strategies. The study has covered the use of frequencies only and the combined use of both frequencies and mode shapes. The proposed method is applied to a single-span simply supported beam and a three-span continuous beam with multiple damage locations. In the study, the modal test data are simulated numerically using the finite element method. The measurement errors of modal data are simulated by superimposing random noise with appropriate magnitudes. The effectiveness of using frequencies and both frequencies and mode shapes as the data for quantification of damage extent are examined. The effects of incomplete and noisy modal test data on the accuracy of damage detection are also discussed.     

A COMPARISON OF THREE TECHNIQUES USING STEADY STATE DATA TO IDENTIFY NON-LINEAR MODAL BEHAVIOR OF AN EXTERNALLY EXCITED CANTILEVER BEAM

Non-linear system identification is used to generate models of modes in physical structures. Analysis of the theoretical non-linear model of a cantilevered beam is used to predict the inputs to the physical system that will produce responses suitable for enhanced parameter estimation, thereby improving the model. Three identification techniques are described and applied to both numerical and experimental data: the first is based on the continuous-time differential equation model of the system, the second uses relationships generated by the method of harmonic balance, and the third is based on fitting steady state response data to the amplitude and phase modulation equations resulting from a multiple time scales analysis. The performance of each method improves as the non-linearities in the system become more pronounced. The benefits and limitations of the methods are discussed.     

最小二乘法在铜电阻测量实验数据处理中的应用

文介绍了最小二乘法的原理,给出了用最小二乘法对铜电阻测量数据处理的实例。     

FLEXURAL INTENSITY MEASUREMENT ON FINITE PLATES USING MODAL SPECTRUM IDEAL FILTERING

Flexural intensities on various plate-like structures with arbitrary boundary conditions are calculated using measured and FEM yielded mobility. In doing so, a two-dimensional spatial Fourier transform has been implemented along with a refined k-spectral filtering concept. Intensity is decomposed into individual contributions from bending moments, twisting moments and shear forces. The source and energy sink localization and energy flow have been analyzed through these contributions. The effect of reflections from the plate edges and that of the uncorrelated noise, on the intensity, are discussed. It is shown that the width of the k -filters may have a non-negligible influence on the shape of the intensity field. Damping in the structure can efficiently control the edge reflections and therefore help to localize the energy sources and sinks. A link has been found, at certain excitation conditions, between the radiated acoustic intensity and the active flexural intensity. It is also observed that the classical method of studying the vibration transmission, using vibration amplitude measurements, does not reflect the transmitted vibration energy but rather provides information on non-propagating, reactive energy. The FEM study, further explains some of the experimental observations and suggests the possibility of applying intensity to complex analytical models.     

数据库技术在离线物理分析中的应用

讨论了如何利用数据库技术解决高能物理分析中遇到的一些问题,利用一种ＳＱＬ语方数据库与高能物理分析软件包ＰＡＷ（ｐｈｙｓｉｃｓ ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｗｏｒｋｓｔａｔｉｏｎ）的接口技术,可以大大提高ＰＡＷ的数据操作功能和方便实用性,展现了数据库技术在离线数据物理分析中的一个新的应用领域和前景。     

快速电子验证相对论效应实验中几个问题的分析

快速电子验证相对论实验是近代物理实验中一个极其重要的实验，本对实验得到的能谱曲线中的两个峰作了详细分析，并证明该实验不仅可以用来验证相对论，也可以用来验证全同粒子的不可分辨性以及X射线特征谱线与入射电子能量无关，只与靶材料有关的理论。     

跨声流函数方程的多层网格-强隐式解法

本文是文献[1]工作的继续,是研究在多层网格上采用强隐式过程(即Strogly Implicit Procedure)求解跨声速流函数方程的问题。使用多层网格技术,可消除不同频率或波长的误差分量,有助于残差下降;在每层求解中采用强隐式解法将五对角系数矩阵变为七对角阵以便快速因式分解获取流函数场。文中以四层网格为例,详细研究了在每层求解流函数方程时采用强隐式解和在任意两层间使用FAS法(即Full APProximation Storage)时层间转换等一些重要技术细节,计算了一组典型跨声速双圆弧平面叶栅,所得结果与实验较吻合,并且残差收敛速度要比单层网格快得多,表明多层网格法十分有效。     

DSP技术在核磁共振数据系统中的应用

讨论了数字信号处理技术在核磁共振数据采集与处理系统中的应用,介绍比较了三种系统的原理、特点及优缺点.     

基于Excel的实验数据最小二乘法计算探讨

最小二乘法是实验数据处理中最重要的方法之一，但因其计算比较繁杂，教学中使用较困难。本对Excel中三种计算方法进行比较，探讨最小二乘法计算的简便方法。     

利用Matlab语言对物理实验数据进行处理

本文探讨了用Matlab语言对物理实验数据进行最小二乘法的处理     

应用扩展的2CJL模型确定微观势能参数

本文应用扩展的2CLJ势能模型优化了若干线型分子的微观势能参数.该模型包含了二分子间长程静电和诱导作用,同时也考虑了极性分子偶极矩与分子轴不平行的情况.通过第二维里系数的实验数据回归获得简单线型分子N2、O2、Cl2、F2、CO、NO、C2H6和C2F6的硬球直径σ和阱深ε.强极性分子CH3Cl、CH3F、CH3CF3、CF3CH2F和CH3CHF2的第二维里系数运用改进的混合规则计算得到,计算结果与实验数据符合很好.     

用Origin软件处理物理实验数据

用Origin软件对物理实验数据进行处理,简单易行、方便可靠。     

用原子力显微镜4π旋转技术测量靶丸表面粗糙度

原子力显微镜靶丸4π旋转装置,可以将靶丸在夹持状态下实现4π方向旋转,便于原子力显微镜对靶丸表面任一部分做扫描测量。应用该装置对各种靶丸的表面形貌进行了测量,测量结果表明,靶丸外表面粗糙度小于10nm,内表面粗糙度小于20nm。     

一种基于间歇性正比于系统参量的脉冲微扰控制混沌方法

提出了用间歇性正比于系统参量的脉冲微扰控制混沌方法.用此法分别研究了一维和二维离散混沌系统的控制,获得了稳定的2ⁿP,2ⁿ*3^mP序列和128P,192P的高周期轨道.分析表明,对于一维逻辑斯谛映象的混沌控制,间歇性正比于系统参量的脉冲微扰法与间歇性正比于系统变量的反馈控制法是等效的. 关键词：     

使用Origin 7.0软件处理物理实验数据

用Origin7.0软件对物理实验数进行绘图处理,简单易行.     

基于动态压力数据的湍流采样数据量分析

基于小波分析良好的时频双局域性特点,结合统计检测理论,提出了一种相对合理的确定湍流采样数据量的方法.以分析某型贯流风机实验中的动态压力数据为例,选取二阶统计矩作为所关注的湍流特征量,验证了该方法的合理性和可行性.采用小波分析时,所确定的采样数据量相对大,但其所反映的流动信息量也相对多,统计检测的流动特征量是湍流能量的多尺度分布,所得数据量尺度是恰当的.未采用小波分析时,数据缩减过程中湍流信息量受到了一定的损失.     

生物组织光学参数与热物性参数的相关性研究

基于组织光学和人工神经网络理论,提出了一种全新的确定生物体热物性参数的方法.利用积分球系统测量介质组织光学特性参数,以该特性参数作为人工神经网络输入变量,以热物性参数为目标变量,利用神经网络的自学习系统,最终建立光学特性参数与热物性参数间的非线性映射一黑箱模型.为验证模型,测量了多种热物性参数已知物质的光学特性参数,然后由黑箱模型得到热物性参数计算值,计算值和已知真实值的相对误差均在5%以内.该方法可用于测量生物体的各种热物性参数.     

SHROUD TECHNIQUE USING THE TRANSIENT METHOD FOR LOCAL HEAT TRANSFER MEASUREMENTS

A new technique for measuring local heat transfer coefficients on complex-shaped models is described. This technique is referred to as the shroud technique and is a variation on the well-known transient method. The technique involves preheating a model inside a shroud while it is installed in a wind tunnel. The shroud is then ejected, exposing the model to ambient temperature air. The transient temperature on the surface of the model is measured using liquid crystals and recorded with a video system. Although an infinite variety of model shapes can be used, measurements on a cylinder in cross-flow are used to demonstrate this technique. The measurements are compared with earlier measurements, which used different techniques. Good agreement is found at the stagnation point and in the front laminar boundary-layer region. In the separation region, the heat transfer rate is dependent an the thermal boundary condition, which in the transient method is affected by the selection of the nondimensional liquid crystal temperature. In the wake region, it was found that the results depend on the flow development time relative to the transient measurement time.