氧化锰八面体分子筛纳米棒的合成及其催化甲醛低温氧化性能

 Uniform manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) nanorods were synthesized by adding a small quantity of K2S2O8 to the solution containing MnSO4·H2O and KMnO4, and used for complete oxidation of formaldehyde. According to the results of N2 adsorption and X-ray diffraction, the material is a manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve with the cryptomelane type structure. TEM observation shows that the diameters of the nanorods range from 15 to 25 nm, and the lengths are 300～400 nm. Complete conversion of HCHO to CO2 and H2O can be achieved at 353 K over OMS-2, and the same conversion is obtained at 373 K on the MnOx powder under the same conditions, which demonstrates that the catalytic activity is closely related to the morphology of the catalysts.     

离子液体中氧化锰八面体分子筛催化醇的氧化

按文献方法制备了3种八面体MnO6分子筛催化剂K-OMS-2、H-K-OMS-2和Cu-OMS-2,用SEM和XRD测试技术表征了它们的结构和组成。 考察了这3种催化剂对用氧气选择性氧化醇为相应的醛或酮的催化作用,研究了采用不同OMS-2在离子液体[bmim]PF₆中反应时间和反应温度对催化反应的影响。 其中H-K-OMS-2对苄醇和烯丙醇氧化的转化率和选择性均超过90%。 催化剂和离子液体可分别用萃取法和减压蒸馏法从反应体系中回收,其中减压蒸馏法回收循环使用效果较好。     

掺Ag对氧化锰八面体分子筛催化CO氧化性能的影响

采用回流法在酸性介质中合成了掺杂贵金属Ag的氧化锰八面体分子筛(OMS-2).利用X射线衍射、低温N2吸附、透射电子显微镜及程序升温脱附(TPD)等技术对固体材料的结构进行了表征,考察了材料对CO氧化反应的催化性能,以及Ag的掺杂对该反应的影响.结果表明,合成的OMS-2材料属于cryptomelane一维隧道结构,适量Ag的掺杂使分子筛的有序性得到改善,孔径更均一.Ag的加入还能明显提高催化剂的反应活性.O2-TPD和CO-TPD实验表明,Ag的引入使材料对CO的吸附性能及晶格氧的扩散能力得到显著增强,这是提高催化剂对CO氧化催化能力的主要原因.     

锰八面体分子筛的合成、表征及其对二甲醚燃烧的催化性能

以高锰酸钾和马来酸为原料,以聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG)为模板剂,采用溶胶凝胶法合成了锰八面体分子筛(OMS-2),并将其用于二甲醚的催化燃烧反应.XRD,FT-IR和UV-Vis结果表明,合成的材料为隐钾锰矿型的锰氧化物.TEM结果表明合成的材料具有棒状的外形结构,其中MPEG起模板导向剂的作用.O2-TPD和H2-TPR结果表明合成的OMS-2材料容易还原,富有晶格氧.OMS-2材料在二甲醚催化燃烧中表现出优异的催化性能,能够在较低的温度下将二甲醚完全转化为CO2和H2O,晶格氧在该反应中起非常重要的作用.     

CO在Ag掺杂的氧化锰八面体分子筛上吸附的TAP研究

利用产物瞬时分析反应器中进行的单脉冲实验, 考察了393～493 K温度范围内CO在Ag掺杂的氧化锰八面体分子筛上的吸附行为. 实验表明: CO在催化剂表面发生化学吸附, 并与晶格氧反应生成CO₂. 通过对该过程反应物及产物脉冲响应曲线的模拟, 得到了各基元反应的动力学参数. CO和CO₂在该催化剂表面的脱附活化能分别为83和31 kJ/mol, CO与晶格氧的反应活化能为116 kJ/mol.     

OMS-2 的制备及其负载 PdO 对 CO 氧化的催化活性

 以 MnSO4 和 KMnO4 为前驱体, 采用回流法在酸性介质中合成了氧化锰八面体分子筛 (OMS-2). 以 OMS-2 为载体采用浸渍法制备了 PdO/OMS-2 催化剂, 并对催化剂进行了表征和 CO 氧化活性测试. 结果表明, OMS-2 为纳米棒结构, 是典型的隐钾锰矿 (cryptomelane) 结构. 当 PdO 负载量 ≤ 1.0% 时, PdO 以高分散的形式存在, 而更高负载量时形成 PdO 晶相. 当 PdO 负载量为 2.5% 时, PdO/OMS-2 催化剂上 CO 氧化反应活性最高, CO 完全转化温度为 80 oC. 催化剂中高分散的 PdO 和高价态的 Pd 物种是反应的活性中心.     

超细分子筛的合成,结构特性及在催化中的应用

超细粒子通常是指尺寸小于几百纳米的微小固体颗粒,是一类介于原子簇和宏观物体之间的介观物质,其表面原子数与体相总原子数之比随粒径尺寸的减小而急剧增大,显示出明显的体积效应、表面效应和量子尺寸效应,从而使超细粒子成为具有独特的物理化学性质的新材料．超细分子筛又称纳米分子筛,作为此类新材料中的一员,它独特的催化性能和对气体的分离能力,近年来引起了人们极大的兴趣,成为催化领域中的研究热点之一．我们综述了超细分子筛的合成方法及其结构和性能的表征,着重介绍超细分子筛在催化领域中的应用,并对其发展前景进行了展…     

氧化锰八面体分子筛：阴阳复合模板剂合成及二甲醚催化燃烧性能

以阴阳复合表面活性剂调控的溶胶凝胶法合成了氧化锰八面体分子筛(OMS-2)。采用TG-DSC、XRD、低温氮气吸附-脱附、TEM、FTIR、UV-Vis、O₂-TPD以及H₂-TPR等技术对制备的材料的结构和氧化还原性能进行了表征,考察了该锰氧化物材料对二甲醚催化燃烧反应的催化性能。结果表明,合成的OMS-2材料属于cryptomelane结构,单独的阴离子或者阳离子表面活性剂作模板剂时,制备的材料其外形均不规整,而采用二者按照一定物质的量的比混合时,可以得到均一的纳米棒状结构。O₂-TPD和H₂-TPR结果说明,制备的OMS-2材料具有丰富的氧物种,低温下易还原,因而在二甲醚催化燃烧中表现出了良好的催化性能。其中采用阴阳复合模板剂制备的样品,具有最低的氧脱附温度和氢气还原温度,因而在二甲醚催化燃烧中表现出最优的催化性能,二甲醚燃烧的完全燃烧温度T₉₀为170 ℃,反应产物仅有CO₂和H₂O。     

新型复合分子筛的合成和催化应用

 系统地归纳总结了最近几年引起人们广泛关注的复合分子筛的研究进展,包括微孔-微孔复合分子筛、微孔-介孔复合分子筛、微孔-大孔复合分子筛及微孔-介孔-大孔复合分子筛的合成和应用近况. 并对复合分子筛的发展前景进行了展望.     

介孔分子筛COAPSO的合成、表征及其环己烷氧化催化性能

采用一步晶化法合成了具有McM-41介孔分子筛结构的CoAPSO分子筛.用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、元素分析(ICP)、氮气吸附、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)和热重分析(TG)等对样品进行了表征.合成的样品热稳定性高,孔径大约在2.5 nm左右.钴原子以四配位形式进入介孔孔壁中;随着钴含量增加,样品的孔径减小,孔壁增厚.在环己烷氧化反应中,所合成的CoAPSO分子筛显示出较高的催化活性和环己酮选择性;当钴含量为0.34%时,单位钴原子上环己烷的转化数达到420.5.     

Oxidative Transformations of Organic Compounds Mediated by Redox Molecular Sieves

Zeolites are viewed by some as the “philosopher's stone” of modern chemistry.^[1] They are more or less indispensable in oil refining and petrochemicals manufacture where they are widely applied as solid acid catalysts. More recently attention has been focused on their use in the manufacture of fine chemicals. The synthetic utility of zeolites and related molecular sieves (zeotypes) has been considerably extended by the incorporation of redox metals into their frameworks. The resulting redox molecular sieves catalyze a variety of selective oxidations under mild conditions in the liquid phase. Their structural diversity–including variation of the redox metal, incorporation of metal complexes, and the size and polarity of the micropores–provides the possibility of designing tailor-made solid catalysts (“mineral enzymes”) for liquid-phase oxidations with clean oxidants such as O₂, H₂O₂, and RO₂H. Hence, they have enormous potential in industrial organic synthesis as environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional oxidations employing inorganic oxidants in stoichiometric amounts. A primary aim of this review is to familiarize organic chemists with the synthetic potential of redox molecular sieves. An outline of their synthesis, structures, and chemical properties, highlighting their unique advantages, is followed by a discussion of general (mechanistic) features that influence the choice of a suitable catalyst for a particular type of oxidation. The main part of the review deals with the oxidation of various substrates of synthetic interest–such as alkanes, alkenes, (alkyl)arenes, alcohols, and amines–and emphasizes the advantages of redox molecular sieves (including selectivity and stability) over their homogeneous counterparts. New directions towards truly biomimetic solid catalysts, for example zeolite-encapsulated chiral metal complexes as heterogeneous catalysts for asymmetric oxidations, are high-lighted.     

三价铟化合物在有机合成中的应用

综述了近年来三价铟化合物促进的多种有机反应及其在有机合成中的应用,其中重点讨论了三价铟化合物促进下的碳-碳键和碳-杂原子键的形成反应.     

Keggin杂多酸负载型催化剂研究及在有机合成中的应用

评述了负载型杂多酸Keggin结构催化剂的制备、表征及其表面作用机理, 阐述了在非均相催化酯化反应、Friedel-Crafts烷基化和酰基化反应、选择氧化、不对称催化反应、异构化反应、缩合反应、裂解反应、水合反应、脱水反应、水解反应、重排反应、Diels-Alder反应及醚化反应等作为探针反应的催化性能, 总结了重排反应、醇氧化等不同类型催化反应的反应机理和催化剂失活的主要原因以及影响负载型催化剂水热稳定性能的因素, 指出了负载型杂多酸Keggin结构催化剂研究中有待解决的问题及今后的发展方向..     

2-碘酰基苯甲酸(2-Iodoxybenzoic acid, IBX)在有机合成中的应用

综述了近年来2-碘酰基苯甲酸(2-iodoxybenzoic acid, IBX)在有机合成中的应用, 重点评述了IBX对醇类、含氮有机物、含硫有机物、连接在芳环上的碳原子的氧化反应, 探讨了IBX在α,β-不饱和羰基化合物和内酯合成中的应用, 这些反应具有反应条件温和、产率高、选择性好等优点. 简单介绍了IBX的一些新衍生物的合成及应用.     

Mesoporous Manganese Oxide Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Coupling of Anilines To Aromatic Azo Compounds

Herein we introduce an environmentally friendly approach to the synthesis of symmetrical and asymmetrical aromatic azo compounds by using air as the sole oxidant under mild reaction conditions in the presence of cost‐effective and reusable mesoporous manganese oxide materials.     

Size-controlled synthesis and formation mechanism of manganese oxide OMS-2 nanowires under reflux conditions with KMnO4 and inorganic acids

This study presents a simplified approach for size-controlled synthesis of manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) nanowires using potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) and different inorganic acids (HCl, HNO₃, and H₂SO₄) under reflux conditions. The morphology and nanostructure of the synthesized products are characterized by X-ray diffraction, Ar adsorption, and electron microscopy analysis, in order to elucidate the controlling effects of acid concentration and type as well as the formation mechanism of OMS-2 nanowires. The concentration of inorganic acid is a crucial factor controlling the phase of the synthesized products. OMS-2 nanowires are obtained with HCl at the concentration ≥0.96 mol/L or with HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ at the concentrations ≥0.72 mol/L. Differently, the type of inorganic acid effectively determines the particle size of OMS-2 nanowires. When the acid is changed from HCl to HNO₃ and H₂SO₄ in the reflux system, the average length of OMS-2 declines significantly by 60–70% (1104–442 and 339 nm), with minor decreased in the average width (43–39 and 34 nm). The formation of OMS-2 nanowires under reflux conditions with KMnO₄ and inorganic acids involves a two-step process, i.e., the initial formation of layered manganese oxides, and subsequent transformation to OMS-2 via a dissolution-recrystallization process under acidic conditions. The proposed reflux route provides an alternative approach for synthesizing OMS-2 nanowires as well as other porous nano-crystalline OMS materials.     

新型(Z)-2-[(苯氧基)(芳基)]次甲基-2-丁烯酸酯类化合物的合成

以三苯基膦为催化剂,氮气保护下在苯中实现了取代苯酚与α-取代-2,3-丁二烯酸酯的β'-极化加成反应,合成了16个新型(Z)-2-[(苯氧基)(芳基)]次甲基-2-丁烯酸酯类化合物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS(ESI)表征。     

Synthesis of 2-Indolyl-1-nitroalkane Derivatives Using Nanocrystalline Titanium(IV) Oxide

The catalytic Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indoles with nitroalkenes to furnish 2-indolyl-1-nitroalkane derivatives at room temperature with moderate to excellent yields is reported using nanocrystalline titanium(IV) oxide (nano-TiO₂) catalyst. In all cases, a single regioisomer was obtained. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was recovered by centrifugation and activated under a nitrogen flow for 1 h at 250°C for further reuse. The nano-TiO₂ can be reused for four cycles with a slight decrease of activity under the same reaction conditions.