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1.
 Uniform manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve (OMS-2) nanorods were synthesized by adding a small quantity of K2S2O8 to the solution containing MnSO4·H2O and KMnO4, and used for complete oxidation of formaldehyde. According to the results of N2 adsorption and X-ray diffraction, the material is a manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve with the cryptomelane type structure. TEM observation shows that the diameters of the nanorods range from 15 to 25 nm, and the lengths are 300~400 nm. Complete conversion of HCHO to CO2 and H2O can be achieved at 353 K over OMS-2, and the same conversion is obtained at 373 K on the MnOx powder under the same conditions, which demonstrates that the catalytic activity is closely related to the morphology of the catalysts.  相似文献   

2.
按文献方法制备了3种八面体MnO6分子筛催化剂K-OMS-2、H-K-OMS-2和Cu-OMS-2,用SEM和XRD测试技术表征了它们的结构和组成。 考察了这3种催化剂对用氧气选择性氧化醇为相应的醛或酮的催化作用,研究了采用不同OMS-2在离子液体[bmim]PF6中反应时间和反应温度对催化反应的影响。 其中H-K-OMS-2对苄醇和烯丙醇氧化的转化率和选择性均超过90%。 催化剂和离子液体可分别用萃取法和减压蒸馏法从反应体系中回收,其中减压蒸馏法回收循环使用效果较好。  相似文献   

3.
掺Ag对氧化锰八面体分子筛催化CO氧化性能的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
采用回流法在酸性介质中合成了掺杂贵金属Ag的氧化锰八面体分子筛(OMS-2).利用X射线衍射、低温N2吸附、透射电子显微镜及程序升温脱附(TPD)等技术对固体材料的结构进行了表征,考察了材料对CO氧化反应的催化性能,以及Ag的掺杂对该反应的影响.结果表明,合成的OMS-2材料属于cryptomelane一维隧道结构,适量Ag的掺杂使分子筛的有序性得到改善,孔径更均一.Ag的加入还能明显提高催化剂的反应活性.O2-TPD和CO-TPD实验表明,Ag的引入使材料对CO的吸附性能及晶格氧的扩散能力得到显著增强,这是提高催化剂对CO氧化催化能力的主要原因.  相似文献   

4.
以高锰酸钾和马来酸为原料,以聚乙二醇单甲醚(MPEG)为模板剂,采用溶胶凝胶法合成了锰八面体分子筛(OMS-2),并将其用于二甲醚的催化燃烧反应.XRD,FT-IR和UV-Vis结果表明,合成的材料为隐钾锰矿型的锰氧化物.TEM结果表明合成的材料具有棒状的外形结构,其中MPEG起模板导向剂的作用.O2-TPD和H2-TPR结果表明合成的OMS-2材料容易还原,富有晶格氧.OMS-2材料在二甲醚催化燃烧中表现出优异的催化性能,能够在较低的温度下将二甲醚完全转化为CO2和H2O,晶格氧在该反应中起非常重要的作用.  相似文献   

5.
胡蓉蓉  程易  丁宇龙  谢兰英  王德峥 《化学学报》2007,65(18):2001-2006
利用产物瞬时分析反应器中进行的单脉冲实验, 考察了393~493 K温度范围内CO在Ag掺杂的氧化锰八面体分子筛上的吸附行为. 实验表明: CO在催化剂表面发生化学吸附, 并与晶格氧反应生成CO2. 通过对该过程反应物及产物脉冲响应曲线的模拟, 得到了各基元反应的动力学参数. CO和CO2在该催化剂表面的脱附活化能分别为83和31 kJ/mol, CO与晶格氧的反应活化能为116 kJ/mol.  相似文献   

6.
超细分子筛的合成,结构特性及在催化中的应用   总被引:16,自引:1,他引:15  
张维萍  郭新闻 《分子催化》1999,13(5):393-400
超细粒子通常是指尺寸小于几百纳米的微小固体颗粒,是一类介于原子簇和宏观物体之间的介观物质,其表面原子数与体相总原子数之比随粒径尺寸的减小而急剧增大,显示出明显的体积效应、表面效应和量子尺寸效应,从而使超细粒子成为具有独特的物理化学性质的新材料.超细分子筛又称纳米分子筛,作为此类新材料中的一员,它独特的催化性能和对气体的分离能力,近年来引起了人们极大的兴趣,成为催化领域中的研究热点之一.我们综述了超细分子筛的合成方法及其结构和性能的表征,着重介绍超细分子筛在催化领域中的应用,并对其发展前景进行了展…  相似文献   

7.
OMS-2 的制备及其负载 PdO 对 CO 氧化的催化活性   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
 以 MnSO4 和 KMnO4 为前驱体, 采用回流法在酸性介质中合成了氧化锰八面体分子筛 (OMS-2). 以 OMS-2 为载体采用浸渍法制备了 PdO/OMS-2 催化剂, 并对催化剂进行了表征和 CO 氧化活性测试. 结果表明, OMS-2 为纳米棒结构, 是典型的隐钾锰矿 (cryptomelane) 结构. 当 PdO 负载量 ≤ 1.0% 时, PdO 以高分散的形式存在, 而更高负载量时形成 PdO 晶相. 当 PdO 负载量为 2.5% 时, PdO/OMS-2 催化剂上 CO 氧化反应活性最高, CO 完全转化温度为 80 oC. 催化剂中高分散的 PdO 和高价态的 Pd 物种是反应的活性中心.  相似文献   

8.
孙明  余林  方奕文  余倩  余坚 《无机化学学报》2008,24(11):1852-1858
以阴阳复合表面活性剂调控的溶胶凝胶法合成了氧化锰八面体分子筛(OMS-2)。采用TG-DSC、XRD、低温氮气吸附-脱附、TEM、FTIR、UV-Vis、O2-TPD以及H2-TPR等技术对制备的材料的结构和氧化还原性能进行了表征,考察了该锰氧化物材料对二甲醚催化燃烧反应的催化性能。结果表明,合成的OMS-2材料属于cryptomelane结构,单独的阴离子或者阳离子表面活性剂作模板剂时,制备的材料其外形均不规整,而采用二者按照一定物质的量的比混合时,可以得到均一的纳米棒状结构。O2-TPD和H2-TPR结果说明,制备的OMS-2材料具有丰富的氧物种,低温下易还原,因而在二甲醚催化燃烧中表现出了良好的催化性能。其中采用阴阳复合模板剂制备的样品,具有最低的氧脱附温度和氢气还原温度,因而在二甲醚催化燃烧中表现出最优的催化性能,二甲醚燃烧的完全燃烧温度T90为170 ℃,反应产物仅有CO2和H2O。  相似文献   

9.
新型复合分子筛的合成和催化应用   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
徐玲  徐海燕  吴通好  吴淑杰  阚秋斌 《催化学报》2006,27(12):1149-1158
 系统地归纳总结了最近几年引起人们广泛关注的复合分子筛的研究进展,包括微孔-微孔复合分子筛、微孔-介孔复合分子筛、微孔-大孔复合分子筛及微孔-介孔-大孔复合分子筛的合成和应用近况. 并对复合分子筛的发展前景进行了展望.  相似文献   

10.
介孔分子筛COAPSO的合成、表征及其环己烷氧化催化性能   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用一步晶化法合成了具有McM-41介孔分子筛结构的CoAPSO分子筛.用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、元素分析(ICP)、氮气吸附、透射电镜(TEM)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)和热重分析(TG)等对样品进行了表征.合成的样品热稳定性高,孔径大约在2.5 nm左右.钴原子以四配位形式进入介孔孔壁中;随着钴含量增加,样品的孔径减小,孔壁增厚.在环己烷氧化反应中,所合成的CoAPSO分子筛显示出较高的催化活性和环己酮选择性;当钴含量为0.34%时,单位钴原子上环己烷的转化数达到420.5.  相似文献   

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Metal‐free fullerene (C60) was found to be an effective catalyst for the reduction of azo groups in basic aqueous solution under UV irradiation in the presence of NaBH4. Use of NaBH4 by itself is not sufficient to reduce the azo dyes without the assistance of a metal catalyst such as Pd and Ag. Experimental and theoretical results suggest that C60 catalyzes this reaction by using its vacant orbital to accept the electron in the bonding orbital of azo dyes, which leads to the activation of the N?N bond. UV irradiation increases the ability of C60 to interact with electron‐donor moieties in azo dyes.  相似文献   

16.
    
An efficient chemical system for electron generation and transfer is constructed by the integration of an electron mediator ([Co(bpy)3]2+; bpy=2,2′‐bipyridine) with semiconductor photocatalysts. The introduction of [Co(bpy)3]2+ remarkably enhances the photocatalytic activity of pristine semiconductor photocatalysts for heterogeneous CO2 conversion; this is attributable to the acceleration of charge separation. Of particular interest is that the excellent photocatalytic activity of heterogeneous catalysts can be developed as a universal photocatalytic CO2 reduction system. The present findings clearly demonstrate that the integration of an electron mediator with semiconductors is a feasible process for the design and development of efficient photochemical systems for CO2 conversion.  相似文献   

17.
    
The ease with which simple starting materials can be transformed into highly functionalized products has made oxidative N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalysis an area of significant interest. However, the use of stoichiometric amounts of high molecular weight oxidants in most reactions generates an undesired equivalent amount of waste. To address this issue, the use of oxygen as the terminal oxidant in NHC catalysis has been developed. Oxygen is attractive due to its low cost, low molecular weight, and ability to generate water as the sole by-product. However, molecular oxygen is challenging to use as a reagent in organic synthesis due to its unreactive ground state, which often requires reactions to be run at high temperatures and results in the formation of kinetic side-products. This review covers the development of aerobic oxidative carbene catalysis, including NHC-catalyzed reactions with oxygen, strategies for oxygen activation, and selectivity issues under aerobic conditions.  相似文献   

18.
    
The sensing of electrons confined inside surface defect sites has been demonstrated. Tetracyanoethylene was employed as a single-electron acceptor to characterize the reduction of fully oxidized MoO(3) . Electron transfer deposits negative charge on closely contacted gold nanoparticles on the surface, which explains the high catalytic activity in the aerobic oxidation of alcohols.  相似文献   

19.
    
Oxidation reactions are of fundamental importance in nature, and are key transformations in organic synthesis. The development of new processes that employ transition metals as substrate-selective catalysts and stoichiometric environmentally friendly oxidants, such as molecular oxygen or hydrogen peroxide, is one of the most important goals in oxidation chemistry. Direct oxidation of the catalyst by molecular oxygen or hydrogen peroxide is often kinetically unfavored. The use of coupled catalytic systems with electron-transfer mediators (ETMs) usually facilitates the procedures by transporting the electrons from the catalyst to the oxidant along a low-energy pathway, thereby increasing the efficiency of the oxidation and thus complementing the direct oxidation reactions. As a result of the similarities with biological systems, this can be dubbed a biomimetic approach.  相似文献   

20.
    
A catalyst model comprising platinum nanoparticles deposited on a TiO2(110) wafer was prepared in a vacuum, transferred in air, and characterized with a Kelvin probe force microscope placed in a N2 environment. The topography and local work function of individual nanoparticles were observed with single‐nanometer resolution in the N2 environment of one atmosphere pressure. Some nanoparticle presented positive shifts of work function relative to that of the TiO2 surface, while the others showed negative shifts. This finding suggests heterogeneous properties of the nanoparticles exposed to air and then N2. The ability of the advanced microscope was demonstrated in observing the work function of metal nanoparticles on a metal oxide support even in the presence of vapor environments.  相似文献   

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