共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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本文利用266 nm波长的激光及程序升温脱附的方法研究了甲醇在ZnO(0001)表面的光催化反应. TPD结果显示部分的CH3OH以分子的形式吸附在ZnO(0001)表面,而另外一部分在表面发生了解离. 实验过程中探测到H2,CH3·,H2O,CO,CH2O,CO2和CH3OH这些热反应产物. 紫外激光照射实验结果表明光照可以促进CH3OH/CH3O·解离形成CH2O,在程序升温或光照的过程中它又可以转变为HCOO-. CH2OHZn与OHad反应在Zn位点上形成H2O分子. 升温或光照都能促进CH3O·转变为CH3·. 该研究对CH3OH在ZnO(0001)表面的光催化反应机理提供了一个新的见解. 相似文献
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V. B. Voronkov V. G. Golubev A. V. Medvedev A. B. Pevtsov N. A. Feoktistov N. I. Gorshkov D. N. Suglobov 《Physics of the Solid State》1998,40(8):1301-1304
Using standard low-temperature (<300 °C) plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE CVD) technology, films of a Si(Er): H were obtained that emitted light in the neighborhood of 1.54 μm at room temperature. The Er source was the specially synthesized fluorine-containing metallorganic complex Er(HFA)3·DME where HFA=CF3C(O)CHC(O)CF3 and DME=CH3OCH2CH2OCH3, which possesses a low transition temperature to the gas phase (of order 100 °C) at working pressures (0.1–0.5 Torr) for
the PE CVD method. Distinctive features of the photoluminescence spectrum of a-Si(Er):H were investigated in the range 0.5–1.7 μm for T=77 and 300 K. The presence of photoconductivity in the synthesized films is evidence of their satisfactory electronic quality.
Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 1433–1436 (August 1998) 相似文献
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本文提出了利用锥体压入法研究水/空气界面上SiO2纳米颗粒单层膜流变特性的新方法. 通过锥体的压入和上升使单层膜产生应变, 实时测定锥体压入-上升循环过程中表面压的变化. 实验表明, 表面压的尖锐变化是由单层膜受到的拉伸应变导致的. 表面压变化的幅度d∏ 和弛豫时间τ 显著依赖于颗粒在界面的吸附能, 因而随颗粒润湿性而发生明显变化. d∏ 和τ 分别与单层膜的弹性和黏性相关. 这些结果表明, 该方法有可能为深入研究纳米颗粒单层膜的流变性质提供新的途径. 相似文献
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研究了在锌系磷化液中添加环保型促进剂-硫酸羟胺与常规促进剂-亚硝酸钠以便在高碳钢表面形成锌系磷化涂层.用X射线衍射分析了磷化涂层的相结构的变化,结果发现,形成的磷化膜主要由Zn3Fe(PO4)2·4H2O(H膜)和Zn2Fe(PO4)2·4H2O(P膜)组 成.运用扫描电镜分析了磷化涂层的显微组织与磷化时间之间的变化规律.四球摩擦实验结果表明,与亚硝酸钠相比,在锌系磷化液中添加硫酸羟胺能有效降低润滑后的磷化涂层的摩擦系数. 相似文献
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本文采用化学湿磨法,首次将金属氧化物Mn3O4包覆于LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4颗粒表面,使得电极材料的电子电导率从1.53×10-7 S/cm 提高到3.15×10-5 S/cm. 电化学测试结果表明Mn3O4包覆大大提高LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料的倍率性能和高温循环稳定性. 最佳包覆样品为2.6wt% Mn3O4包覆的LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4,在10 C倍率下具有108 mAh/g的高放电容并且在55 °C下100次循环后仍有78%的容量保持率,远大于未包覆样品67%的容量保持率. 相似文献
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The Raman and infrared spectra of all-trans-astaxanthin (AXT) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent were investigated experimentally and theoretically. Density functional cal-culations of the Raman spectra predict the splitting of the υ1 band into υ1-1 and υ1-2 compo-nents. The absence of splitting in Raman experimental spectra is ascribed to the competition between the two symmetric C=C stretching vibrations of the backbone chain. The υ1 band is very sensitive to the excitation wavelength: resonance excitation stimulates the higher-frequency υ1-2 mode, and off-resonance excitation corresponds to the lower-frequency υ1-1 mode. Analyses of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding between C=O and O-H in the AXT/DMSO system reveal that the C4=O1...H1-O3 and C4''=O2...H2-O4 bonds are strengthened and weakened, respectively, in the electronically excited state compared with those in the ground state. This result reveals significant variations of the AXT molecular structure in different electronic states. 相似文献
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利用同步辐射真空紫外光电离质谱和理论计算对中性酪胺和多巴胺分子的光诱导解离过程进行研究.在较低光子能量下,通过近阈光电离仅得到母体离子信号.当增加光子能量到11.7 eV甚至更高时,从酪胺和多巴胺分别得到四个清晰可辨的碎片离子信号.另外通过测量母体离子的光电离效率曲线,酪胺和多巴胺分子的电离能分别为7.98和7.67 eV(实验误差为±0.05 eV).结合理论计算建立这两个分子的详细碎裂路径,包括相似的胺乙基消除路径.其中碎片C7H8O2+·(m/z=124)和C7H8O+·(m/z=108)的生成认为来自McLafferty重排,该过程经历分子内的γ氢迁移诱导的β开裂反应.
另外,C7-C8键直接开裂可以生成CH2NH2+(m/z=30)碎片离子,并且该过程和McLafferty重排为主要的裂解路径. 相似文献
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Daniel Aronov 《Surface science》2007,601(21):5042-5049
We observe a pronounced variation of wettability properties in solid state materials induced by a low-energy electron beam. The phenomenon occurs in several stages characterized by various mechanisms. We show that for low electron doses the irradiation leads to decrease in the wetting of a dielectric surface due to induced surface electric potential. The higher electron charge leads to formation of a chemical monolayer on material’s surface. It has been found that the electron irradiation strongly modifies the surface free energy of SiO2 by decreasing its total surface free energy value, almost twice. However, electron-induced variations of dispersive and polar components of the surface free energy are quite different and depend of incident electron charge. 相似文献
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Thermodynamic quantities on Au-In liquid alloys have been used as the input data for the interaction parameter calculations in the framework of the complex formation model (CFM). Once the interaction energies are computed the surface (surface tension and surface composition) and transport properties (chemical diffusion and viscosity) as well as the microscopic functions (concentration fluctuations in the long-wavelength limit and chemical short-range order parameter) have been calculated. The concentration and temperature dependent surface tension values have been compared with our new set of experimental data, obtained by the large drop method in the temperature range of T = 1273-1493 K. The anomalous change of surface tension for some alloy compositions may be attributed to a retention of order in the Au-In melts which is similar to the atomic arrangement in solid Au-In. 相似文献
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通过调控纳米粒子表面形貌,研究了纳米粒子形貌与表面等离子体激元之间的关系.采用水相化学合成法制备出粗糙表面“花朵”形银纳米粒子.通过自组装形成单层阵列,并进一步组装成复合结构超材料.测试了其光学行为,并将实验结果与树枝形纳米粒子、光滑表面纳米粒子进行对比分析.结果表明:光滑表面纳米粒子不能出现超材料效应,当粗糙程度增加,纳米粒子呈类“花朵”形时,样品出现透射峰和平板聚焦行为,但强度不高|当粗糙程度继续增加,纳米粒子呈树枝状时,出现了较强的透射峰与平板聚焦行为.研究证实通过改变纳米粒子表面形貌,可以调控表面等离子体激元与入射光的相互作用,从而实现对光传播的操控. 相似文献
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Surface plasmon resonance polarizator for biosensing and imaging 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A novel polarization-sensitive surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensing/imaging scheme is proposed. The scheme uses a periodical spatial phase modulation of the pumping beam of a mixed polarization in the Kretschmann–Raether geometry and takes advantage of SPR-based polarizing effect to drastically absorb p-polarized component changing the resulting polarization state of the beam. The scheme then uses Fourier Transformation to efficiently treat and filter spatially-modulated polarization-sensitive signals and thus to extract and process selected SPR-based response. This approach offers a much higher accuracy of measurements in SPR-based multi-sensing and remote sensing. 相似文献
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Scattering of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP’s) by small ellipsoid particles placed near a dielectric–metal interface is theoretically considered. Using the Green’s function formalism and the dipole approximation, we consider the differential and total scattering cross-sections associated with the SPP-to-SPP scattering as well as with the SPP scattering into waves propagating away from the interface, analyzing the influence of system parameters. As an example, scattering cross-sections of differently shaped gold spheroid particles placed near an air–gold interface are evaluated at the light wavelength of 800 nm. It is shown that the differential and total cross-sections depend strongly upon the particle-to-surface distance, the ratio between the major and minor axes and their orientation with respect to both the interface and the direction of SPP incidence. Implications of the obtained results to the design of SPP micro-optical components are also discussed. 相似文献
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Investigation of surface properties of liquid transition metals: Surface tension and surface entropy
In the present study, surface properties namely surface tension and surface entropy of liquid transition metals have been reported. The surface entropy of liquid Fe, Co and Ni metals has been investigated using the expression derived by Gosh et al. [R.C. Gosh, A.Z. Ziauddin Ahmed, G.M. Bhuiyan, Eur. Phys. J. B 56 (2007) 177]. To describe interionic interaction the pseudopotential approach has been used and radial distribution functions have been determined from the solution of Ornstein-Zernike integral equation. The calculated values of surface tension and surface entropy agree well with experiment. The present study shows that the expression derived by Gosh et al. leads to a good estimation for the surface entropy. 相似文献
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Christie Ying Kei Lung 《Applied Surface Science》2010,257(4):1228-1235
Zirconia surface modification by various chemical treatments after silica coating by sandblasting was investigated in this study. The surface of silica-coated dental zirconia was hydroxylated by treatment with different acids at room temperature for 4 h, rinsed with deionized water and air-dried. The modified surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Shifts in binding energies for Zr 3d5/2 and Si 2p peaks were observed after treatment with acids, thereby showing a change in the chemical states of zirconium and silicon on the surface layer of silica-coated zirconia. The XPS analysis revealed that the silica-coated zirconia (SiO2-ZrO2) surfaces had changed to hydrous silica-coated zirconia (SiO2-ZrO2·nH2O). One-way ANOVA analysis revealed there was significant difference in both surface roughness parameters of silica-coated zirconia after chemical treatments and the surface topography varied depending on the acid treatment. 相似文献
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The surface structure and energies for 22 surfaces of NiAl, an ordered intermetallic compound of B2 structure, have been studied by using embedded atom method. The results show that, for alternating Ni and Al surfaces with odd numbers of the sum of their three Miller indices, the energy difference between the Ni terminated surface and Al terminated surface increase linearly with increasing the interlayer distance. So from surface energy minimization, the Al terminated surface is favorable for each alternating Ni and Al surface. This is in agreement with experimental results. However, the energy of the (1 1 0) surface belonged to the other kind of the surface consisted of stoichiometric atomic layers and with even numbers of the sum of their three Miller indices, is the lowest in all two kinds of the surfaces. Therefore the (1 1 0) texture of NiAl appears mostly in the experiments. 相似文献
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纳米TiO2的表面能态及光生电子-空穴对复合过程的研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
以液相法制备了水溶态纳米TiO2,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)对纳米TiO2的结构和组成作了细致分析.并对其紫外-可见光谱(UY-Vis spectrum)和荧光发光光谱(PL spectrum)进行了分析.结果发现纳米TiO2呈现较好的锐钛矿型,平均粒径为5 nm.水溶态纳米TiO2由于吸附而在表面形成了Ti-OH和Ti-H2O的表面态,其能级位于其价带以上约0.6和0.54eV;500℃热处理后样品的表面吸附水基本消失,但OH-仍然存在,同时在纳米TiO2晶格中出现了氧空位,其能级位于价带以上3.13 eV.对于水溶态纳米TiO2,表面复合是电子-空穴对的主要复合过程;热处理后的样品,由于表面态遭到破坏,粒子半径变大,直接复合成为电子-空穴对的主要复合过程,同时还伴随有通过氧空位的间接复合和通过Ti-OH的表面复合. 相似文献
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Jürgen Ristein 《Surface science》2006,600(18):3677-3689
The crystal structure of diamond is identical with that of its more common semiconductor relatives silicon and germanium. Consequently, a number of surface properties in terms of reconstructions, surface states and surface band diagrams are similar as in the case of Si or Ge. But diamond also exhibits a number of unusual and potentially very useful surface properties. Particularly when the surface dangling bonds are saturated by monovalent hydrogen atoms (donor-like), surface states are removed from the gap, the electron affinity changes sign and becomes negative, and the material becomes susceptible to an unusual type of transfer doping where holes are injected by acceptors located at the surface instead of inside the host lattice. These surface acceptors can in the simplest case be adsorbed molecules conveniently chosen by their electron affinity, but they can also be solvated ions within atmospheric water layers or electrolytes in contact with the hydrogenated diamond surface. In this article the surface properties of diamond will be reviewed with special emphasis on this new kind of doping mechanism. 相似文献