L-脯氨酸修饰的铱催化苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称加氢反应

在温和条件下制备了L-脯氨酸稳定并修饰的负载型金属铱催化剂,用于苯乙酮及其衍生物不对称催化加氢反应. 考察了L-脯氨酸的量、溶剂、碱以及碱的量和氢气压力对苯乙酮不对称催化加氢反应的影响. 结果显示,该催化剂催化苯乙酮不对称加氢反应获得了92.1%的转化率和32.9%的对映选择性(e.e.),催化2′-(三氟甲基)苯乙醇的对映选择性为39.3,这一结果高于目前报道的天然手性修饰剂修饰的负载型金属催化剂. 该催化循环使用5次, 对映选择性只有小幅度下降.     

聚乙二醇-水介质中水溶性膦稳定的钌催化芳香酮的不对称加氢反应

在聚乙二醇-400-水介质中,以(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺的磺酸钠盐为手性修饰剂,考察了水溶性三(间-磺酸钠苯基)膦稳定的Ru催化苯乙酮及其衍生物的不对称加氢反应.结果表明,该催化剂体系具有良好的催化活性和对映选择性.在优化反应条件下,苯乙酮转化率和对映选择性分别为100％和84.9％.经正己烷萃取后,催化剂...     

水/有机两相体系中钌膦配合物催化苯乙酮及其衍生物的不对称加氢反应

 将手性二胺(1S,2S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺二磺酸钠((1S,2S)-DPENDS)修饰的钌膦配合物用于催化水/有机两相体系中苯乙酮的不对称加氢. 结果表明, (1S,2S)-DPENDS和KOH的浓度对反应有很大影响,二者的协同作用使配合物的催化活性和产物的对映选择性大大提高. 对温度、压力、底物/钌的摩尔比和膦配体/钌摩尔比等反应条件进行优化后,以［RuCl2-(TPPTS)2］2为催化剂前体催化苯乙酮不对称加氢时,产物的ee值可达66.4%, 催化剂经过简单的相分离即可循环使用.     

培养基碳源对固定化酵母细胞催化乙酰基三甲基硅烷不对称还原反应的影响

 尽管含芳香基等较大取代基团的底物能被生物转化为高对映体纯手性有机硅醇,但生物催化其他底物还原反应的产物收率及对映体选择性均较低. 作者筛选到一株能高效催化羰基/羟基不对称转化的酵母菌株,探讨了用固定化酵母细胞高效催化乙酰基三甲基硅烷不对称还原制1-三甲基硅乙醇的可能性,系统研究了培养基碳源及其浓度对该反应的影响. 发现在水/正己烷两相体系中,固定化酵母细胞能催化乙酰基三甲基硅烷不对称还原成1-三甲基硅乙醇. 可通过调节培养基碳源的种类及其浓度在一定程度上控制反应的产物收率及对映体选择性. 以最适碳源(3.0%麦芽汁)培养的酵母细胞催化该反应的产物收率和对映体过量值分别为91.3%和72.8%,远高于文献报道值.     

金鸡纳碱衍生物修饰的负载钌催化剂催化芳香酮不对称加氢

以金鸡纳碱衍生物作为手性修饰剂,研究了三苯基膦(tpp)稳定的1.0%Ru/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化芳香酮多相不对称加氢,考察了稳定剂种类、修饰剂种类、金属负载量、溶剂、碱添加剂种类等因素对不对称加氢反应的影响.结果表明,金鸡纳碱衍生物对1.0%Ru/γ-Al2O3/2tpp催化剂具有较好的修饰作用,在优化的反应条件下苯乙酮及其衍生物加氢反应的对映选择性达78%～98%,2-乙酰基噻吩加氢反应的对映选择性可达80%,2-乙酰基呋喃加氢反应的对映选择性可达75%.     

大位阻手性吡咯烷(salen)Mn(Ⅲ)配合物在烯烃不对称环氧化反应中的应用

设计合成了具有大位阻的手性吡咯烷(salen)Mn(Ⅲ)配合物Mn3,并研究了其在NaClO水/有机两相氧化体系中催化烯烃的不对称环氧化反应性能。具有叔胺基团的配合物Mn3具有比Jacobsen催化剂更高的反应活性、以及近似的产率和略高的对映选择性。尤其是过量CH_3I的加入可以极大地缩短环氧化反应的时间,而高产率和高对映选择性依然保持。     

L-氨基酸衍生物修饰的Ru/γ-Al_2O_3催化芳香酮不对称加氢研究

以系列L-氨基酸衍生物作为手性修饰剂,研究了三苯基膦(tpp)稳定的1.0%Ru/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化芳香酮多相不对称加氢,考察了稳定剂种类、修饰剂种类、金属负载量、底物浓度、温度、压力等因素对不对称加氢反应的影响。结果表明,L-氨基酸衍生物对1.0%Ru/γ-Al2O3/2tpp催化剂具有较好的修饰作用,在优化反应条件下芳香酮加氢反应的对映选择性达33%-81%,苯乙酮加氢反应的对映选择性可达70%。     

对烷氧基取代 MeO-BIPHEP 型手性双膦钌配合物催化 β-酮酸酯不对称加氢反应

 报道了对烷氧基取代的 MeO-BIPHEP 型手性双膦配体钌配合物催化的β-酮酸酯不对称加氢反应, 考察了反应温度、压力、底物/催化剂摩尔比和溶剂对反应的影响. 结果表明, 在乙醇中该配合物催化 3-丁酮酸乙酯加氢反应的对映选择性达 98.0%,且对含不同取代基的β-酮酸酯均表现出较高的活性和对映选择性.     

大位阻手性吡咯烷(salen)Mn(III)配合物在烯烃不对称环氧化反应中的应用

设计合成了具有大位阻的手性吡咯烷(salen)Mn(III)配合物Mn3,并研究了其在NaClO水/有机两相氧化体系中催化烯烃的不对称环氧化反应性能。 具有叔胺基团的配合物Mn3具有比Jacobsen催化剂更高的反应活性、以及近似的产率和略高的对映选择性。 尤其是过量CH₃I的加入可以极大地缩短环氧化反应的时间,而高产率和高对映选择性依然保持。     

水相中RuCl2(TPPTS)2-(S,S)-DPENDS催化苄叉丙酮的不对称加氢反应

 将水溶性手性二胺 (S,S)-1,2-二苯基乙二胺二磺酸钠 ((S,S)-DPENDS) 与钌膦配合物 ([RuCl2(TPPTS)2]2) 原位生成的催化剂用于催化水相中苄叉丙酮的不对称加氢反应. 在优化条件下, 羰基加氢产物 4-苯基-3-丁烯-2-醇的选择性可达 96.0%, 对映选择性可达 71.2%. 经正己烷简单萃取后即可实现催化剂与加氢产物的分离, 循环使用 5 次后, 目标产物 4-苯基-3-丁烯-2-醇选择性和对映选择性没有明显下降.     

A parametric study on biphasic medium conditions for the enantioselective production of naproxen by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candida rugosa</Emphasis> lipase

A parametric study to increase the enantioselectivity of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) toward S-Naproxen production by the hydrolysis of racemic Naproxen methyl ester in an aqueous-organic biphasic batch system was carried out. Effects of organic solvent type, aqueous phase/organic solvent volume ratio, agitation rate, concentrations of the substrate and the enzyme, pH of the aqueous phase, and temperature on the en antiomeric excess for the product (ee_p), on the enantiomeric ratio (E) and on the conversion (x) were evaluated. Employing isooctane as the solvent resulted in higher ee_p, E, and x than those obtained in hexane, cyclohexane, and toluene. The higher the volume ratio of aqueous phase/organic solvent employed, the higher the conversion and enantioselectivity achieved. The increase in agitation rate increased the hydrolysis rate. Higher concentration of racemic Naproxen methyl ester than 10 mg/mL decreased both the conversion and enantioselectivity. The increase in crude CRL concentration resulted in enhancement of x, but the decrease of fee_p and E. Acidic pH led to higher conversion and enantioselectivity than the medium and alkaline pH values. A further increase in temperature to over 45°C decreased the conversion and enantioselectivity. The highest enantiomeric ratio achieved in the S-Naproxen production was E=171.1, with x=49.8% and ee_p=95.7%.     

Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation catalysed by hydrophobic dendritic DACH-rhodium complex in water

Hydrophobic Fréchet-type dendritic chiral 1,2-diaminocyclohexane-Rh(III) complexes have been applied in the asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of ketones in water using HCOONa as hydrogen source. The catalysts were found to be finely dissolved in the liquid substrates in the aqueous mixture and exhibited high catalytic activity and enantioselectivity (52-97% ee). The catalytic loading could be decreased to 0.01 mol% and good conversion was still obtained with excellent enantioselectivity. Moreover, the catalyst could be easily precipitated from the mixture by adding hexane and reused several times without affecting the high enantioselectivity.     

Core-shell structured mesoporous silica: a new immobilized strategy for rhodium catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation

A core-shell structured heterogeneous rhodium catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in aqueous medium, which could be recovered easily and used repetitively twelve times without affecting obviously its enantioselectivity.     

Magnetically recoverable SiO2-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles: a new platform for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in aqueous medium

A magnetically recoverable chiral rhodium catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in aqueous medium, which could be recovered easily via a small magnet and used repetitively ten times without obviously affecting its enantioselectivity.     

Recoverable organorhodium-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane: a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in aqueous medium

A bifuctional heterogeneous chiral rhodium catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones and their analogues in aqueous medium, which could be recovered easily and used repetitively without affecting obviously its enantioselectivity.     

Chiral base-catalyzed aldol reaction of trimethoxysilyl enol ethers: effect of water as an additive on stereoselectivities

An aldol reaction of trimethoxysilyl enol ether catalyzed by lithium binaphtholate is described. The aldol reaction of trimethoxysilyl enol ether derived from cyclohexanone under anhydrous conditions predominantly afforded the anti-aldol adduct with moderate enantioselectivity, whereas the reaction under aqueous conditions predominantly resulted in the syn-adduct and the enantioselectivity of the syn-adduct was considerably improved. The best enantioselectivity was obtained in the reaction of trimethoxysilyl enol ether derived from 1-indanone with cyclohexanecarboxaldehyde (97% ee (syn)). This is the first example of an aldol reaction of trimethoxysilyl enol ether catalyzed by a chiral base.     

水-离子液和水-有机溶剂体系中萘普生酶法拆分的比较研究

在水—有机溶剂和水—离子液两相体系中研究了脂肪酶催化的萘普生甲酯的立体选择性水解反应。考察了转化率，对映体过量值(eep)；(ees)与时间的关系。据此构建了一种可以进行萘普生甲酯立体选择性水解的水—离子液两相体系，在该水—离子液两相体系中酶的活性与传统的水—有机相两相体系相比没有明显的变化，但是酶的立体选择性却明显提高，同时也对水—离子液两相体系中水含量对萘普生甲酯立体选择性水解反应的影响进行了研究，发现在水：离子液(v／v)为1：1时酶的活性和立体选择性最好。     

Facile preparation of recyclable biocatalyst-decorated magnetic nanobeads in aqueous media

A facile process was developed to manufacture biocatalyst-conjugated magnetic nanobeads, which afford no loss of the intrinsic activity and enantioselectivity of biocatalysts. Up to 90% of their activities remained after six-time recycling in aqueous media.     

Highly enantioselective radical addition to N-benzoyl hydrazones using chiral ammonium salts

In the presence of a protonated cinchonine derivative, radical addition reactions proceeded efficiently, affording addition adducts in high yields with an extremely high enantioselectivity. The chiral ammonium salt was recyclable after a simple aqueous workup. The reaction provides environmentally benign reaction conditions.