新题征展(1)

Ａ．题组新编１．设函数ｆ（ｘ）＝ｌｇ（ａｘ２－４ｘ＋ａ－３）．（１）若ｆ（ｘ）的定义域是Ｒ,则ａ的取值范围是　　;（２）若ｆ（ｘ）的值域是Ｒ,则ａ的取值范围是　　;（３）若ｆ（ｘ）在区间（－４,－１）上递减,则ａ的取值范围是　　．２．设０＜θ＜π．（１）若ｓｉｎθ＋ｃｏｓθ＝１５,则ｔｇθ＝　　;（２）若ｓｉｎθ＋ｃｏｓθ＝－１５,则ｔｇθ＝　　;（３）若ｓｉｎθ－ｃｏｓθ＝１５,则ｔｇθ＝　　;（４）若ｓｉｎθ－ｃｏｓθ＝－１５,则ｔｇθ＝　　．３．如图,向高为Ｈ的水瓶（Ａ）、（Ｂ）、（Ｃ）、…     

巧用函数单调性解赛题

函数ｆ（ｘ）在区间［ａ,ｂ］上单调增加（或单调减少）,又ｃ、ｄ∈［ａ,ｂ］上,若ｆ（ｃ）＝ｆ（ａ）,则有ｃ＝ｄ．１　求代数式的值例１　已知ｘ、ｙ∈［－π４,π４］,ａ∈Ｒ,且　ｘ３＋ｓｉｎｘ－２ａ＝０４ｙ３＋ｓｉｎｙｃｏｓｙ＋ａ＝０则ｃｏｓ（ｘ＋２ｙ）＝　　．（１９９４年全国高中数学竞赛题）解　由已知条件,可得　　ｘ３＋ｓｉｎｘ＝２ａ（－２ｙ）３＋ｓｉｎ（－２ｙ）＝２ａ故可设函数ｆ（ｔ）＝ｔ３＋ｓｉｎｔ,则有ｆ（ｘ）＝ｆ（－２ｙ）＝２ａ．由于函数ｆ（ｔ）＝ｔ３＋ｓｉｎｔ,在［－π２,π２］上是单…     

二维带形无界区域中Navier—Stokes方程整体吸引子及其维数估计

该文讨论二维无界带形区域中Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程（Ⅰ）｛ｕｔ－△ｕ＋ｕｉэｕэｘｉ＝－△ｐ＋ｆ（ｘ，ｔ）∈Ω×Ｒ＋（１）ｄｉｖｕ＝０（２）ｕ（Ｘ，ｔ）∈（Ｈ＾１０（Ω）ｆｏｒ ｔ〉０（３）ｕ（ｘ，０）＝ｕ０（ｘ）∈Ｈ（４）其中Ω＝（０，ｄ）×Ｒ，ｄ〉０为一常数，ｕ与ｐ为未知量，其中ｕ＝（ｕ１，ｕ２）为速度场，ｐ表示压力。我们证明了当ｕ０∈Ｈ，ｆ∈Ｖ且ｆ「ｌｏｇ（ｅ＋│ｘ│＾２）」＾１２∈Ｌ     

关于代数微分方程(f')~n=R(z,f)的亚纯解

在本文中,我们首先考虑了具有理系数的代数微分方程（ｆ＇）ｎ＝Ｒ（ｚ,ｆ）亚 纯解的个数估计问题,并举例说明所得结果是精确的．其次,我们运用 Ｎｅｖａｎｌｉｎｎａ值 分布论,讨论了具亚纯系数的典型代数微分方程（ｆ＇）３＝ａ０（ｆ－ τ１）２（ｆ－ τ２）２（ｆ－ τ３）２ 的可分解亚纯解．文中的结果推广或改进了高仕安［１］,Ｇｕｎｄｅｒｓｅｎ Ｇ．和ＬａｉｎｅＩ［２］以 及何育赞, ＬａｉｎｅＩ．［３－５］等人的工作．     

关于代数微分方程(f')~n=R(z,f)的亚纯解

在本文中,我们首先考虑了具有理系数的代数微分方程（ｆ＇）ｎ＝Ｒ（ｚ,ｆ）亚 纯解的个数估计问题,并举例说明所得结果是精确的．其次,我们运用 Ｎｅｖａｎｌｉｎｎａ值 分布论,讨论了具亚纯系数的典型代数微分方程（ｆ＇）３＝ａ０（ｆ－ τ１）２（ｆ－ τ２）２（ｆ－ τ３）２ 的可分解亚纯解．文中的结果推广或改进了高仕安［１］,Ｇｕｎｄｅｒｓｅｎ Ｇ．和ＬａｉｎｅＩ［２］以 及何育赞, ＬａｉｎｅＩ．［３－５］等人的工作．     

二维带形无界区域中Navier－Stokes方程整体吸引子及其维数估计

该文讨论二维无界带形区域中Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程其中Ω＝（０，ｄ）×Ｒ，ｄ＞０为一常数，ｕ与ｐ为未知量，其中ｕ＝（ｕ１，ｕ２）为速度场，ｐ表示压力．我们证明了当ｕ０∈Ｈ，ｆ∈Ｖ且ｆ［ｌｏｇ（ｅ＋｜ｘ｜２）］１／２∈Ｌ２（Ω）时，问题（Ｉ）在Ｈ中存在整体吸引子Ａ，它是的一个子集．对Ａ的Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆｆ维数与Ｆｒａｃｔａｌ维数我们也给出了估计．     

曲面上离散点集的光滑插值

本文主要解决了如下问题：给定Ｒ３凸曲面上的任意个离散点｛Ｐｉ｝Ｎｉ＝１及其对应的函数值｛ｆｉ｝Ｎｉ＝１，要求构造曲面上的插值函数ｆ（ｘ），使得ｆ（Ｐｉ）＝ｆｉ，（ｉ＝１，２，…，Ｎ）．本文方法推广了球面上离散点集的Ｍｕｌｔｉｑｕａｄｒｉｃ插值方法，并且对分区域插值方法也给予了讨论．     

图象分析引导我们深入探索——完善一道易错的题

１　一道易错的题题目　已知ｆ（ｘ）＝ａｘ２－ｃ,且－４≤ｆ（１）≤－１,－１≤ｆ（２）≤５,求ｆ（３）的范围．错解　依题意得　－４≤ａ－ｃ≤－１－１≤４ａ－ｃ≤５①②消元可得　０≤ａ≤３１≤ｃ≤７③④∵　ｆ（３）＝９ａ－ｃ,∴　－７≤ｆ（３）≤２６．正解　先用ｆ（１）、ｆ（２）表出ａ、ｃ,即有　　ｆ（１）＝ａ－ｃｆ（２）＝４ａ－ｃ　ａ＝１３［ｆ（２）－ｆ（１）］ｃ＝１３［ｆ（２）－４ｆ（１）］⑤⑥∵　ｆ（３）＝９ａ－ｃ＝８３ｆ（２）－５３ｆ（１）,∴　直接运用已知条件可得－１≤ｆ（３）≤２０．…     

抽象算子在偏微分方程中的应用(Ⅱ)

Ｔｈｅｏｒｅｍ１　Ｌｅｔｍ∈Ｎａｎｄｍ１,Ｐ（ｘ）ｂｅａｎａｒｂｉｔｒａｒｙｏｒｄｅｒｐａｒｔｉａｌｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌｏｐｅｒａ－ｔｏｒ．Ｔｈｅｎｆ（ｘ,ｔ）,φｊ（ｘ）∈Ｊ．（ＷｈｅｒｅＪｓｔａｎｄｆｏｒｔｈｅｓｅｔｏｆａｎａｌｙｔｉｃｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ）ｔ＋Ｐ（ｘ）ｍｕ＝ｆ（ｘ,ｔ）ｊｕｔｊｔ＝０＝φｊ（ｘ）　　ｘ∈Ｒｎ,ｔ∈Ｒ１ｊ＝０,１,２,…,ｍ－１．ｕ（ｘ,ｔ）＝∫ｔ０（ｔ－τ）ｍ－１（ｍ－１）！ｅ－（ｔ－τ）Ｐ（ｘ）ｆ（ｘ,τ）ｄτ＋ｅ－…     

The Properties of Finitely Generated Shift-invariant Subspace in L_(2π)~2

§１．　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｔｆｉｒｓｔ,ｗｅｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｏｕｒｎｏｔａｔｉｏｎｓ．Ｗｅｄｅｎｏｔｅｔｈｅｃｌａｓｓｏｆａｌｌｓｑｕａｒｅ－ｉｎｔｅｇｒａｂｌｅ２π－ｐｅｒｉｏｄｉｃｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｂｙＬ２２π,ｔｈａｔｉｓ,Ｌ２２π＝｛ｆ（ｘ）｜ｆ（ｘ）＝ｆ（ｘ＋２π）,ｘ∈Ｒ,∫２π０｜ｆ（ｘ）｜２ｄｘ＜∞｝．　　Ｆｏｒａｎｙｆ（ｘ）,ｇ（ｘ）∈Ｌ２２π,ｔｈｅｉｎｎｅｒｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ〈ｆ,ｇ〉ｉｓｄｅｆｉｎｅｄａｓ〈ｆ,ｇ〉：＝１２π∫２π０ｆ（ｘ）ｇ（ｘ）ｄｘ．（１．１）　…     

ARTIFICIAL BOUNDARY METHOD FOR THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL EXTERIOR PROBLEM OF ELASTICITY

The exact boundary condition on a spherical artificial boundary is derived for thethree-dimensional exterior problem of linear elasticity in this paper. After this bound-ary condition is imposed on the artificial boundary, a reduced problem only defined in abounded domain is obtained. A series of approximate problems with increasing accuracycan be derived if one truncates the series term in the variational formulation, which isequivalent to the reduced problem. An error estimate is presented to show how the errordepends on the finite element discretization and the accuracy of the approximate problem.In the end, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the performance of the proposedmethod.     

NUMERICAL SOLUTIONS OF PARABOLIC PROBLEMS ON UNBOUNDED 3-D SPATIAL DOMAIN

In this paper,the numerical solutions of heat equation on 3-D unbounded spatial do-main are considered. n artificial boundary Γ is introduced to finite the computationaldomain.On the artificial boundary Γ,the exact boundary condition and a series of approx-imating boundary conditions are derived,which are called artificial boundary conditions.By the exact or approximating boundary condition on the artificial boundary,the originalproblem is reduced to an initial-boundary value problem on the bounded computationaldomain,which is equivalent or approximating to the original problem.The finite differencemethod and finite element method are used to solve the reduced problems on the finitecomputational domain.The numerical results demonstrate that the method given in thispaper is effective and feasible.     

The artificial boundary conditions for incompressible materials on an unbounded domain

Summary. In this paper we consider the numerical simulations of the incompressible materials on an unbounded domain in . A series of artificial boundary conditions at a circular artificial boundary for solving incompressible materials on an unbounded domain is given. Then the original problem is reduced to a problem on a bounded domain, which be solved numerically by a mixed finite element method. The numerical example shows that our artificial boundary conditions are very effective. ReceivedJune 7, 1995 / Revised version received August 19, 1996     

Local Artificial Boundary Conditions for the Incompressible Viscous Flow in a Slip Channel

1.IntroductionManyboundaxyvaJueproblemsofpartialdiffereotialequationsinvo1vingunboundeddomainoccurinmanyareasofapplications,e-g.lfluidflowaroundobstacles,couplingofstructureswithfoundationandsoon.Forgettingthenumericalsolutionsoftheproblemsonunboundeddomian,anaturalapproachistocutoffanunboundedpartofthedomainbyintroducinganartificialboundaryandsetupanaPpropriatear-tificialboundaryconditiononthearti%ialboundaryThentheoriginalproblemisapproximatedbyaproblemonbou.d.dfdomain.Inthelastteny6aJrs,b…     

A finite-element capacitance matrix method for exterior Helmholtz problems

Summary. We introduce an algorithm for the efficient numerical solution of exterior boundary value problems for the Helmholtz equation. The problem is reformulated as an equivalent one on a bounded domain using an exact non-local boundary condition on a circular artificial boundary. An FFT-based fast Helmholtz solver is then derived for a finite-element discretization on an annular domain. The exterior problem for domains of general shape are treated using an imbedding or capacitance matrix method. The imbedding is achieved in such a way that the resulting capacitance matrix has a favorable spectral distribution leading to mesh independent convergence rates when Krylov subspace methods are used to solve the capacitance matrix equation. Received May 2, 1995     

Solution of exterior problem using ellipsoidal artificial boundary

In this paper, we present a general ellipsoidal artificial boundary method for three-dimensional exterior problem. The exact artificial boundary condition, which is expressed explicitly by the series concerning the ellipsoidal harmonic functions, is derived and then an equivalent problem in a bounded domain is presented. The error estimates show that the convergence rate depends on the mesh parameter, the number of terms used in the exact artificial boundary condition, and the location of the artificial boundary.     

Analysis of a FEM/BEM coupling method for transonic flow computations

A sensitive issue in numerical calculations for exterior flow problems, e.g.around airfoils, is the treatment of the far field boundary conditions on a computational domain which is bounded. In this paper we investigate this problem for two-dimensional transonic potential flows with subsonic far field flow around airfoil profiles. We take the artificial far field boundary in the subsonic flow region. In the far field we approximate the subsonic potential flow by the Prandtl-Glauert linearization. The latter leads via the Green representation theorem to a boundary integral equation on the far field boundary. This defines a nonlocal boundary condition for the interior ring domain. Our approach leads naturally to a coupled finite element/boundary element method for numerical calculations. It is compared with local boundary conditions. The error analysis for the method is given and we prove convergence provided the solution to the analytic transonic flow problem around the profile exists.

     

Approximation of Infinite Boundary Condition and Its Application to Finite Element Methods

The exterior boundary value problems of Laplace equation and linear elastic equations are considered. A series of approximate infinite boundary conditions are given. Then the original problem is reduced to a boundary value problem on a bounded domain. The finite element approximation of this problem and its error estimate are obtained. Finally, a numerical example shows that this method is very effective.     

AN ARTIFICIAL BOUNDARY CONDITION FOR THE INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS FLOWS IN A NO-SLIP CHANNEL

1.IntroductionWhencomputingthenumericals0luti0nsofviscousfluidfl0wproblemsinallun-boundedd0main,0neoftenintroducesartificialboundaries,andsetsupanartificialbopundarycondition0nthem;thenthe0riginalproblemisreducedtoaproblemonab0undedc0mputationald0main.InordertoIimitthecomputatio11alcost,theseboundariesmustnotbet00farfromthedomainofinterest.Theref0re,theartificialboundaryc0nditi0nsmustbegoodapprotimationt0the"exact"boundaryconditions(sothatthes0lutionoftheproblemintheboundeddonlainisequaltothes…     

一类非线性外问题的数值解法

本文利用FEM-BEM方法研究平面上一类非线性外问题数值方法, 给出了基于非线性人工边界条件的耦合问题收敛性结果和误差估计.数值算例验证了我们的理论分析结果. 最后, 我们提出求解其耦合问题的一种区域分解算法.