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1.
Novel dyestuff polymers were successfully obtained through oxidative polymerization technique. The synthesized Schiff base and its polymer were soluble in alkaline'aqueous medium and they have various colors in different solutions. Also, it can be said that the synthesized compounds are suitable as coloring agent (dyestuff) for textile applications. Fluorescence properties of the compounds were determined in DMF with different concentrations (mg/L). Poly-tris(4- aminophenyl)methanol (P-TAPM) has quite high emission and excitation intensity values. Optical and electrochemical band gaps of the polymers were lower than those of the monomers indicating the more conjugated structure of the polymers. The oxidized states of the novel dyestuff compounds were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique. The solid state conductivity measurements showed that the synthesized polymers were semiconductors when exposed to the iodine vapour their conductivities could be increased. P-TAPM had the highest undoped conductivity. Thermal characterizations of the synthesized compounds were carried out by TG-DTA and DSC methods. 相似文献
2.
Synthesis of methacrylate polymer bearing cyanate groups and its chemoselective reaction with amines
Kousuke Tsuchiya Takeshi Endo 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2014,52(5):699-706
A novel reactive polymer containing cyanate groups in the side chain was prepared by free radical polymerization of a cyanate‐containing monomer, 2‐(4‐cyanatophenyl)ethyl methacrylate ( 1 ). The monomer 1 and its polymer, poly[2‐(4‐cyanatophenyl)ethyl methacrylate] (PCPMA), were stable under the air for a long period. The copolymerization of 1 and methyl methacrylate provided the corresponding copolymers with various cyanate contents. The availability of the cyanate‐containing polymers as a reactive polymer was investigated. Model reaction using 4‐cyanatotoluene revealed that a cyanate group reacted with aliphatic amines, whereas no reaction occurred in the presence of water, alcohols, and aromatic amines under mild conditions. Post‐functionalization of PCPMA was demonstrated using aliphatic amines or diamines. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014 , 52, 699–706 相似文献
3.
Yukiko Enomoto-Rogers Hiroshi Kamitakahara Kunihiro Nakayama Toshiyuki Takano Fumiaki Nakatsubo 《Cellulose (London, England)》2009,16(3):519-530
Model experiments for synthesis of a comb-shaped copolymer with cellulose side-chains were performed with cellobiose derivatives.
A novel cellobiose monomer, N-(15-methacryloyloxypentadecanoyl)-2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-β-d-glucopyranosylamine (2) was prepared from heptaacetylcellobiosyl- amine. Homopolymerization of cellobiose monomer 2 and copolymerization of monomer 2 with methyl methacrylate (MMA) were performed using 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) as an initiator to obtain homopolymers
3-i (i = 1–4) and copolymers 3-i (i = 5–7), poly(methyl methacrylate)-graft-(heptaacetylcellobiosylamine-C15). The size exclusion chromatography—multi-angle laser light scattering (SEC-MALS) measurements
revealed that comb-shaped homopolymers 3-i (i = 1–4) had more compact structures compared to copolymers 3-i (i = 5–7) at the same elution volume. Selective deacetylation of polymers 3-i (i = 1–7) gave novel cellobiose polymers 4-i (i = 1–7), poly(methyl methacrylate)-graft-(cellobiosylamine-C15). The amide linkages between cellobiose moiety and long-chain alkyl group, and the ester linkages between
PMMA main-chain and long-chain alkyl group remained after deprotection.
The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements revealed that the T
gs of the polymers 4-i (i = 1, 5, 6, 7) increased with increasing cellobiose composition in the polymers. It was indicated that cellobiose moieties
of polymers 4-i (i = 1, 5, 6, 7) reduced the mobility of PMMA main-chain. 相似文献
4.
Synthesis and characterization of a new soluble conducting polymer and its electrochromic device 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Serhat Varis Metin Ak Cihangir Tanyeli Idris Mecidoglu Akhmedov Levent Toppare 《Solid State Sciences》2006,8(12):1477-1483
A mixture of isomers 2,5-di(4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole, 2-(4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-5-(3-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole and 2,5-di(3-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-pyrrole (Me-SNS(NO2)) were synthesized. Resulting monomers were polymerized chemically, producing soluble polymers in common organic solvents. The average molecular weight has been determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) as Mn=5.6×103 for the chemically synthesized polymer. The monomers were also electrochemically polymerized in the presence of LiClO4, NaClO4 (1:1) as the supporting electrolyte in acetonitrile solvent. Resulting polymers were characterized via CV, FTIR, NMR, SEM and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Spectroelectrochemistry analysis of polymer revealed Π–Π* transition below 300 nm, with an electronic band gap of 2.18 ev. Switching ability of the polymer was evaluated by kinetic study measuring percent transmittance (%T) at the maximum contrast point, indicating that poly(Me-SNS(NO2)) is a suitable material for electrochromic devices. 相似文献
5.
Synthesis of crosslinked polymer nanoparticles suitable for the formation of nanolayer organic films
Andrea Uveges John F. Hartmann Lajos Daroczi Janos Borbely 《Colloid and polymer science》2009,287(4):471-479
Free radical crosslinking copolymerization of styrene and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (nST/nEGDM in feed = 5/5) has been investigated in toluene. Variation of the reaction conditions allows the formation of macromolecules
with low molecular weight (21.6 kDa and 12 nm in diameter), perfectly soluble branched particles in the early stage of the
polymerization. Elongation of the reaction time leads to the formation of soluble/swelling microgels with medium molecular
weight (156 kDa and 41–120 nm) and, finally, swelling/particularly soluble colloidal polymer particles with very high molecular
weight (3.6 MDa and 59–324 nm). Conversion, molecular weight [by gel permeation chromatography (GPC)], ratio of pendant vinyl
groups [by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)], size of nanoparticles in swollen [by dynamic light scattering (DLS)] and dried
state [by transmission electron microscopy (TEM)], morphology [by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)], and nanolayer film
formation (by SEM) were measured. The role of reaction conditions in producing different polymer structures and morphologies
was demonstrated. 相似文献
6.
Xiubo Jiang Yi Shi Wen Zhu Yongming Chen Fu Xi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2012,50(20):4239-4245
Well‐defined mikto‐topology star polystyrene composed of one cyclic arm and four linear arms was synthesized by a combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and Cu‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click reaction. First, the bromine‐alkyne α,ω‐linear polystyrenes containing four hydroxyl groups protected with acetone‐based ketal groups were synthesized by ATRP of styrene using a designed initiator. Then, the bromine end‐group was converted to the azide and the linear polystyrene was cyclized intra‐molecularly by the CuAAC reaction. The four hydroxyl groups were released by deprotection and then esterified with 2‐bromoisobutyryl bromide to produce a cyclic polymer bearing four ATRP initiating units. By subsequent ATRP of styrene to grow linear polymers with the cyclic polystyrene as a macroinitiator, the mikto‐topology star polymers were prepared. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012 相似文献
7.
Syuji Fujii Yuichi Kakigi Motomichi Suzaki Shin‐Ichi Yusa Masahiro Muraoka Yoshinobu Nakamura 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2009,47(13):3431-3443
Stimuli‐responsive macroazoinitiators with central azo unit have been synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate or 2‐(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate in 2‐propanol at 25 °C. The mean degree of polymerization of the polymer chains besides the azo group was fixed between 25 and 60. 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography, UV‐Vis spectrophotometer, and surface tensiometer were used to characterize the stimuli‐responsive macroazoinitiators in terms of their chemical structure, molecular weight, polydispersity, and pH‐responsive behavior, respectively. Eventually, dispersion polymerization of styrene using the poly[2‐(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDEA) macroazoinitiator as an inistab (initiator + stabilizer) in 2‐propanol medium was conducted. Near‐monodisperse 98 nm polystyrene (PS) latex particles with pH‐responsive PDEA hair were successfully synthesized. The PS latex particles with the PDEA hair can be dispersed in acidic aqueous media where the PDEA hair was protonated and was solvated, and can be flocculated in basic aqueous media where the PDEA hair was deprotonated and was precipitated. This dispersion‐flocculation cycle was reversible. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3431–3443, 2009 相似文献
8.
A novel route was proposed for preparation of zwitterionic membranes, and it comprises (1) free radical polymerization between glycidylmethacrylate (GMA) and acrylic acid (AA) monomers and (2) subsequent ring-opening of epoxide and quaternary amination with trimethylamine hydrochloride. The reaction products were confirmed by FTIR spectra. The cation-exchange capacities (CIECs) and anion-exchange capacities (AIECs) of these zwitterionic membranes are within the range of (5.4–9.3) × 10−2 and (30.6–11.1) × 10−2 mmol g−1, respectively. In addition, the CIEC increases as AA content increases, but the AIEC generally decreases. TGA and DrTGA measurements reveal that their thermal stabilities can arrive at as high as 380 °C. The water uptake is independent of pH. As for membrane potential and streaming potential, they both suggest that these membranes possess the characteristics of anion-exchange membranes and no IEP is observed. Permeation experiments of mixed KCl and glucose solution indicate that the transport behavior of ions is dependent on the membrane’s charge density. 相似文献
9.
Bekir Dizman Mohamed O. Elasri Lon J. Mathias 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(20):5965-5973
New water‐soluble methacrylate polymers with pendant quaternary ammonium (QA) groups were synthesized and used as antibacterial materials. The polymers with pendant QA groups were obtained by the reaction of the alkyl halide groups of a previously synthesized functional methacrylate homopolymer with various tertiary alkyl amines containing 12‐, 14‐, or 16‐carbon alkyl chains. The structures of the functional polymer and the polymers with QA groups were confirmed with Fourier transform infrared and 1H and 13C NMR. The degree of conversion of alkyl halides to QA sites in each polymer was determined by 1H NMR to be over 90% in all cases. The number‐average molecular weight and polydispersity of the functional polymer were determined by size exclusion chromatography to be 32,500 g/mol and 2.25, respectively. All polymers were thermally stable up to 180 °C according to thermogravimetric analysis. The antibacterial activities of the polymers with pendant QA groups against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were determined with broth‐dilution and spread‐plate methods. All the polymers showed excellent antibacterial activities in the range of 32–256 μg/mL. The antibacterial activity against S. aureus increased with an increase in the alkyl chain length for the ammonium groups, whereas the antibacterial activity against E. coli decreased with increasing alkyl chain length. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 5965–5973, 2006 相似文献
10.
Nadine Metz 《European Polymer Journal》2007,43(4):1202-1209
Acetone oxime acrylate has been synthesized as a new active ester monomer. Free radical polymerization yielded a reactive polymer soluble in various organic solvents, such as chloroform, dioxane, DMSO, acetone, methanol, dichloromethane, DMF, and ethanol. Controlled radical polymerization of acetone oxime acrylate was successfully conducted using the RAFT, NMP and Iniferter method. Partly polymer analogous reaction with N-isopropylamine resulted in the reactive copolymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acetone oxime acrylate), which featured a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of 61 °C in water. Further, the reactivity of the copolymer was exemplary proven by complete reaction with ammonia yielding poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide), which does not possess a LCST. 相似文献
11.
New well-defined telechelic poly(phenyleneoxide)s (PPO's) were synthesized from 4-bromo-2,6-dimethylphenol and bi-phenolic compounds through phase transfer catalyzed aromatic nucleophilic substitution polymerization. Bisphenol-A (BPA), 4,4′-biphenol (BP), hydroquinone (HQ) and 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) were employed as telechelic units. The composition analysis by proton-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy revealed that DHN was highly reactive compared to BPA and HQ, whereas BP was un-reactive in the polymerization process. The number average repeating unit (n) in telechelic PPO was estimated as n=17-19 and n=17-20 for DHN and BPA (or HQ), respectively. The reactivity of the bi-phenolic in PPO synthesis are confirmed as DHN > HQ ∼ BPA ? BP. The molecular weight determination by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and viscosity method suggest that the molecular weight of PPO decreased drastically with increasing amount of bi-phenolic units in the feed. The GPC chromatogram of PPO showed a bi-modal distribution, clearly indicative of formation of two different types of molecular weight chains, whereas the telechelic polymers have a mono-modal distribution with a narrow polydispersity. Thermal analysis by differential scanning calorimetry revealed that telechelic polymers are highly amorphous, like PPO, and no crystallization or melting peaks were observed in the heating/cooling cycles. 相似文献
12.
The new organic-inorganic compound, [C_6H_7N_2O_2]_3TeCl_5·2Cl was synthesized and its structure was determined at room temperature in the triclinic system (P~-1) with the following parameters: a = 10.5330(11) ?, b = 10.6663(11) ?, c = 15.9751(16)?, α = 82.090(2)°, β = 71.193(2)°, γ = 68.284(2)°and Z = 2. The final cycle of refinement led to R = 0.057 and Rw = 0.149. The crystal structure was stabilized by an extensive network of N--H···Cl and non-classical C--H···Cl hydrogen bonds between the cation and the anionic group. Several thermal analysis techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetric analysis and evolved gas analysis were used. We used isoconversional kinetics methods to determine the kinetics parameters. We observe that the decomposition of [C_6H_7N_2O_2]_3TeCl_5·2Cl entails the formation hydrochloric acid of nitroaniline as volatiles. The infrared spectra were recorded in the4000–400 cm~(-1)frequency region. The Raman spectra were recorded in the external region of the anionic sublattice vibration 50–1500 cm~(-1). The optical band gap was calculated from the UV-Vis absorbance spectra using classical Tauc relation which was found to be 3.12 and 3.67 eV. 相似文献
13.
A novel environment-friendly system is proposed tofabricate polymer brush, which has the advantages including non-toxic and inexpensive initiator(eosin Y), visible-light exposure(λ= 515 nm), water medium and ambient environment. The experimental results from UV-Vis spectroscopy, AFM-based single molecule force spectroscopy(SMFS) and other measurements indicate thata polymer brush with a living nature is fabricated via free radical polymerization. This polymer brush may find applications incoatings, bio-interfaces and so forth. 相似文献
14.
Semenycheva L. L. Artemov A. N. Il"ichev I. S. Grishin D. F. 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2002,51(4):581-592
The methods of synthesis and the reactivity of styrenetricarbonylchromium and its analogs as model objects for the study of the effect of the metal atom on the reactivity of the monomer -bond and the aromatic ring are described systematically and discussed. These compounds are unique initial substrates for the synthesis of metal-containing polymers and for the preparation of optical stereoisomers and materials for nonlinear optics. 相似文献
15.
Seyhan Salman Aylin Ziylan Albayrak Duygu Avci Viktorya Aviyente 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2005,43(12):2574-2583
New methacrylate monomers containing phosphonic acid or both phosphonic and carboxylic acids were synthesized through the reaction of t‐butyl α‐bromomethyl acrylate with triethyl phosphite followed by the selective hydrolysis of the phosphonate or t‐butyl ester groups with trimethylsilyl bromide and trifluoroacetic acid. The copolymerization of these monomers with 2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate was investigated with photodifferential scanning calorimetry at 40 °C with 2,2′‐dimethoxy‐2‐phenyl acetophenone as a photoinitiator. Quantum mechanical tools were also used to understand the mechanistic behavior of the polymerization reactions of these synthesized monomers. The propagation and chain‐transfer reactions were considered and rationalized. A strong effect of the monomer structure on the rate of polymerization was observed. The polymerization reactivities of the monomers increased with decreasing steric hindrance and/or increasing hydrogen‐bonding capacity because of the hydrolysis of the phosphonate and the t‐butyl ester groups. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2574–2583, 2005 相似文献
16.
Inspired by the photoprotection, radical scavenging of melanin together with versatile adhesive ability of mussel proteins, polydopamine(PDA) nanoparticles were successfully prepared and incorporated into environmentally friendly polymer, poly(propylene carbonate)(PPC) via solvent blending. The prepared composites exhibited excellent thermal stability in air and nitrogen atmosphere and extraordinary mechanical properties. The composites displayed eminent increase of temperature at 5% weight loss(T5%) by 30-100 K with 0.3 wt%-2.0 wt% loadings, meanwhile, the tensile strength and Young's modulus were significantly improved from 11.5 MPa and 553.7 MPa to 40.5 MPa and 2411.2 MPa, respectively. The kinetic calculation indicated that improvement of T5% is presumably derived from suppressing chain-end unzipping. The glass transition temperature(Tg) of the PPC/PDA composites increased by 8-10 K. This is probably due to hydrogen bonding interaction since the abundant proton donors along PDA chains would interact with proton acceptors like C = O and C―O―C in PPC which would cause restriction of segmental motion of PPC chains. 相似文献
17.
De'an Xiong Zhe Li Rujiang Ma Yingli An Linqi Shi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2009,47(6):1651-1660
Hollow crosslinked polymers (HCPs) were synthesized using arm first method via atom transfer radical polymerization. The polymerization process was performed in miniemulsion system, in which the macroinitiator, PEG‐Br, was in the water phase, whereas the vinyl‐monomer, 4‐vinylpyridine (4VP), and the crosslinker, DVB, were in the butanone phase. TEM images and light scattering characterization showed that the resultant polymer contained a hollow space, and the volume of the hollow space could be adjusted by changing the ratio of water to butanone. Also, hollow crosslinked Miktoarm polymers (HCMPs) were synthesized through this method when two different macroinitiators, PEG‐Br and PNIPAM‐Br, were used to coinitiate the polymerization of the vinyl‐monomer, 4VP and DVB. The 1H NMR spectra showed that the hollow polymers contained both PEG arms and PNIPAM arms. The hollow morphologies of the resultant Miktoarm polymers were the same as the HCPs. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 1651–1660, 2009 相似文献
18.
The novel hyperbranced polymers containing reductive groups were successfully prepared and characterized using redox/reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)/self-condensing vinyl polymerization(SCVP) method. Several redox initiating chemicals such as Cu(III)/―CONH2, Ce(IV)/―CONH2 and Ce(IV)/―OH were chosen to increase the free radical generating rate, and the chain transfer agent(CTA) was used to reduce the molecular chain propagating rate, in order to obtain polymers with high degree of branching. Detailed analyses based on the molecular weight, ? value and the degree of branching of polymers(DB) obtained from 1H-NMR spectra and multi detector size exclusion chromatography(MDSEC) suggested the acquiring of hyperbranced polyacrylamides with Cu(III)/―CONH2 and Ce(IV)/―CONH2 as initiator in the presence of the CTA. Meanwhile, the as-prepared poly(N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide)(PNHAM) with higher DB value(0.48) proved that using Ce(IV)/―OH as the initiator could increase the free radical generating rate and diminish the gap between the propagating rate and the initiation rate during the reaction procedure. In addition, the effect of oxidant concentration on the Mark-Houwink index(?) value and the DB was also studied. 相似文献
19.
Wen Li Dalin Wu A. Dieter Schlüter Afang Zhang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2009,47(23):6630-6640
An improved strategy to synthesize oligo(ethylene glycol)‐based secondary generation (G2) dendron is presented. The overall synthesis efficiency increased by 50% when comparing to the previous method, and the product purification by column chromatography becomes much easier. Based on this approach, the synthesis of the third‐generation (G3) dendrons and the corresponding methacrylate‐based G3 macromonomer becomes feasible. Because of the oil characteristics of this macromonomer, its polymerization was able to be conducted in bulk with AIBN as the initiator. The polymerization degree of the third‐generation dendronized polymer ( PG3 ) was found to be around 16 based on GPC measurement. The thermally induced dehydration processes of this polymer were monitored by temperature‐varied proton NMR spectroscopy, and its thermoresponsive behaviors were investigated with turbidity measurements using UV–vis spectroscopy. Similar to the lower generation counterparts, this threefold branched dendronized polymer also shows characteristic fast and sharp phase transitions around its apparent lower critical solution temperature. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 6630–6640, 2009 相似文献
20.
Atsushi Narumi Yoko Ohashi Daichi Togashi Yuta Saito Yuji Jinbo Yoshinobu Izumi Keigo Matsuda Toyoji Kakuchi Seigou Kawaguchi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2012,50(17):3546-3559
Core crosslinked star (CCS)‐polymers with water‐soluble arms composed of poly(N‐hydroxyethylacrylamide) (PHEAA) are described. N‐Hydroxyethylacrylamide was polymerized by the atom transfer radical polymerization consisting of ethyl 2‐chloropropionate, copper(I) chloride (CuCl), and tris[2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine in an ethanol/water mixed solvent at 20 °C. The obtained PHEAA‐arms were subsequently coupled using N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide as the crosslinking agent and sodium L ‐ascorbic acid (AscNa) as the reaction activator. A total of 17 representative coupling reactions with diverse conditions are discussed together with the characterizations of the products mainly by size exclusion chromatograph equipped with the multiangle laser light scattering detector (SEC‐MALS). Consequently, the coupling reactions provided CCS‐polymers with PHEAA‐arms (CCS‐PHEAAs) having weight averaged‐molecular weights determined by SEC‐MALS (Mw,MALS) ranging from 63.8 kg mol?1 to 832 kg mol?1, which corresponded to the average arm‐number (Narm) ranging from 4.1 to 42, respectively. CCS‐PHEAA with the Mw,MALS of 250 kg mol?1 was isolated and characterized by small angle X‐ray scattering measurements in 0.05 M NaNO3 aq. at 25 °C, which was shown to possess a star‐shaped structure and exist as single molecules with a radius of gyration at the infinite dilution condition (<Rg2>z,01/2) of 74 ± 4 Å. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012 相似文献