Amplitude-N-power squeezing of pure superposition states

The N-order squeezing of the pure superposition states |a,β>_(mn)=a|m> β|n> is studied. We find that there is only N=n—m order squeezing for odd (n—m) except for (n—m)=1(m≥1) , but there are N=n—m order and N=(n—m)/2 order squeezings for even (n—m).     

ICP-AES测定高含量锌、镉和铜

采用ICP-AES测定高含量锌、镉和铜,选择了最佳仪器工作条件和样品处理方法。在实验优选条件下,对铜镉渣中铜的含量为8%—12%;镉的含量为35%—38%;锌的含量为21%—23%进行了测定。回收率分别为铜99.8%—100.0%,镉98.3%—99.9%,锌99.3%—99.5%。     

莫桑比克摩根石的谱学特征研究

近几年摩根石凭借它独特的色彩悄然兴起。采用常规仪器测试、激光剥蚀等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV)、红外光谱(IR)和拉曼光谱(Raman),对产自莫桑比克的摩根石基本性质、化学成分特征、谱学性质进行了较为详细的分析。紫外-可见光谱获得样品主波长、饱和度、明度等相关颜色参数;成分测试显示样品摩根石中Li,Rb,Cs,Mn等含量较高,计算所得到的晶体化学式为Be_3.2090Al_2.0757Li_0.425Si_5.664O₁₈(Na_0.1420Cs_0.1316);红外光谱显示,摩根石的结构振动区主要在指纹区400～1 200 cm-1,其中900～1 200 cm-1为Si—O—Si环的振动区,550～900 cm-1为Be—O振动区,而450~530 cm-1为Al—O振动区。由于摩根石中的Cs元素的含量较高,而Cs为原子序数较高的元素,其存在可能令Si—O—Si环振动谱峰向低频位移。拉曼光谱显示1 065 cm-1为Si—O非桥氧伸缩面内振动,1 000 cm-1左右为Be—O的非桥氧伸缩面外振动,685 cm-1为Si—O—Si的变形面内振动,400 cm-1为O—Be—O的面外弯曲振动,在390 cm-1处为Al—O的面外变形振动,在320 cm-1处为Al—O的面外弯曲振动。     

MoⅩⅣ—RuⅩⅥ离子的3d104s—3d94s4p跃迁谱线波长和振子强度的计算

在对GeⅣ—RuⅩⅥ离子3d-94s4p组态能级结构的组态相互作用理论分析计算的基础上，进一步分析了关联效应，量子电动力学（QED）效应及其他效应对等电子序列离子能级结构的影响，找出了沿等电子序列离子能级变化的规律性.在前人研究工作的基础上，预测计算了MoⅩⅣ—RuⅩⅥ离子3d-94s4pJ=12,32组态能级，由此计算了MoⅩⅣ—RuⅩⅥ离子3d-104s—3d-94s4pJ=12,32跃迁谱线波长，振子强度和跃迁概率. 关键词： GeⅣ—RuⅩⅥ离子 谱线波长 振子强度 跃迁概率     

同一种前处理方法测定烟草中砷、铅和镉

采用同一种前处理方法即硝酸和高氯酸消解处理烟草样品后,氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定烟叶中砷、铅;原子吸收光谱法测定烟叶中镉。样品溶液介质为10%的盐酸,对7个样品平行3次重复实验,其相对标准偏差为砷:0.81%—4.96%、铅:2.82%—5.83%、镉:0.96%—4.60%,砷、铅、镉的检测线性范围分别为:0.0—120.0、0.0—60.Oμg·L^-1和0.0—800.0μg·L^-1,加标回收率:砷在94.5%—96.9%之间、铅在92.7%—101.6%之间、镉在102.2%—110.9%之间。     

Infrared spectra of the Kr—CO and Xe—CO van der Waals complexes

The infrared spectra of the weakly bound complexes Kr—CO and Xe—CO have been studied in the region of the CO stretching vibration (4.7 μm) using a high-resolution tuneable diode laser probe. The complexes were observed in a long path (200 m) low temperature (76 K) gas cell (Kr—CO) and in a pulsed supersonic jet expansion (Kr—CO and Xe—CO). Previous long path cell measurements on these complexes at lower resolution analysed only the K = 0 and 1 stacks of rotational levels in the ground intermolecular vibrational state. The new data extend up to K = 3 (Xe—CO) or 4 (Kr—CO), and also include K = 0 and 1 stacks in the excited bending state, ν₂ = 1. The bending frequencies for Kr—CO and Xe—CO (in the ν_co = 1 upper state) were determined to be 13.156cm_?1 and 13.794cm^?1, respectively. Detailed molecular parameters were determined to describe the rotational energy levels of each complex using a simple empirical Hamiltonian. These results enable parameters to be compared for the entire series of rare gas—carbon monoxide complexes, from He—CO to Xe—CO. Also they will guide the future development and evaluation of accurate intermolecular potential energy surfaces for Kr—CO and Xe—CO.     

ICP-AES测定云南16种野生菌中的11种金属元素

采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定了云南16种野生菌中11种金属元素含量。结果显示,在全部样品中,K含量在197.28—9877.04mg·kg^-1,Na含量在77.81—1644.28 mg·kg^-1,Ca含量在17.79—606.18mg·kg^-1,Mg含量在67.09—909.26mg·kg^-1,Cu含量在11.41～321.19mg·kg^-1,Fe含量在5.63—1027.82mg·kg^-1,Zn含量在10.21—229.87mg·kg^-1.Mn含量在0.03—101.43mg·kg^-1,Cr含量在0.16—11.77mg·kg^-1,Co含量在0.17—2.11mg·kg^-1,Pb含量均低于0.90mg·kg^-1。本研究为云南野生菌的开发利用与质量评价提供了基础数据。     

电光晶体研究究进进展及其对称性性研研究

由电场引起的晶体折射率的变化称为晶体的电光效应,具有电光效应的晶体称为电光晶体。利用电光效应可以制作电光Q开关等重要光电器件。晶体的电光效应及其有效利用,均与其对称性密切相关。本文在综述电光晶体研究进展的基础上,推导了不同晶系中各晶类电光效应类型及其特点,并以电光Q开关的要求为例讨论了晶体的电光效应及其对称性之间的关系。从讨论结果得出:立方晶系Td-ˉ43m,三方晶系C3v-3m,四方晶系D2d-4ˉ2m,D4v-4mm和六方晶系D3h-6ˉm2,C6v-6mm点群中相应电光系数的横向或纵向效应可能有实用价值。在考虑旋光性影响后,立方晶系T-23,三方晶系D3-32,四方晶系中S4-4ˉ,六方晶系中C3h-6ˉ等也有可能应用。但是,电光晶体的应用与许多因素相关,对称性只是其中一个基本条件。     

THE HOLONOMY FUNCTIONAL FORMULATION OF YANG-MILLS FIELD EQUATIONS

Starting from the integral formalism of gauge fields,we reformulate the equa-tions of motion for gauge fields——sourceless Yang-Mills equations——as functional-differential equations of the holonomy functional (i.e.,the phase factors of closedloops).From these equations we derive a set of infinite number of conservationlaws in the functional-differential from for the gauge theories in a two-dimensionalspace-time.     

出口汽油硫含量在馏分中的分布

采用体积切割法分析研究了出口汽油硫含量在馏分中的分布。结果表明：窄馏分段每递增10%体积,馏出体积在10%—40%、50%—90%和90%—100%时的硫含量则平均增加0.91—1.33mg、7.51—12.89mg和68.18—170.47mg;馏出体积从10%增大到90%时各窄馏分硫含量数值渐次增大且数值变化较平缓;馏出体积为90%—100%时硫含量数值有明显突跃变化,该窄馏分段中硫含量占整个馏分油中硫含量的20.76%—27.95%;硫含量最大值在1.2%（V/V）残留量中。     

［Mg(NH2)2］n(n=1—5)团簇的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-31G^*基组水平上对［Mg(NH₂)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇各种可能的构型进行几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构.对最稳定结构的振动特性、成键特性、电荷特性等进行了理论研究.结果表明：团簇易形成链状结构,Mg—N键长为0.190—0.234 nm,N—H键长为0.101—0.103 nm,H—N—H键角为100.2°—107.5°;团簇中M 关键词： 2)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇')" href="#">［Mg(NH₂)₂］_n(n=1—5)团簇 密度泛函理论 结构与性质 储氢材料     

Spectroscopic Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticides Using Colorimetric Reactions

The UV-Vis and infrared (IR) absorption spectra of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides have been studied. A correlation in spectra was developed to optimize the OP pesticides in the environments. The spectroscopic (UV-Vis and IR) spectrum of OP pesticides like methyl parathion, malathion and parathion has been interpreted in detail. A complete calculation of the normal frequencies and absolute intensities of UV-Vis and IR absorption bands are interpreted with the help of corresponding experimental data. In the colorimetric reactions, the bands appear at 2 077, 1 637, 1 455, 1 015, 655 cm-1 for malathion; 2 081, 1 639, 1 316, 1 015, 794, 683 cm-1 for parathion; 2 078, 1 632, 1 032, 794 cm-1 for methyl parathion were used for quantitative or qualitative analysis. All these IR spectra were acquired by averaging 100 scans at a resolution of 4 cm-1. It is determined experimentally in the region 200～450 nm for UV-Vis absorption bands and in the region 400～4 000 cm-1 for IR absorption bands. It is concluded that the mainly optically active groups (P—OH, CO, PO, C—O—C, P—O—C, PS, —OH) present in pesticides which are responsible in change in significant data for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The various optical properties like wavelength, band energy, wave number, and frequency, also are calculated.     

ICP-AES测定微硅粉中Ca、Mg、Fe和Al的含量

微硅粉样品经氢氟酸、硝酸、高氯酸消解,电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定Ca、Mg、Fe、Al杂质元素含量。方法的回收率为：Ca 95.2%—100.3%,Mg 96.2%—99.6%,Fe 95.8%—97.2%,Al 98.6%—104.6%,精密度在1.50%—2.59%之间。本方法线性范围宽、分析效率高、具有良好的准确性和精密度,能快速准确地测定微硅粉中Ca、Mg、Fe和Al杂质元素的含量。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测集中空调风管内积尘的重金属含量

采集某亚运场馆集中空调通风系统风管内积尘,并应用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法检测了积尘中重金属含量。检测结果分别为铅0.05—3.58mg/kg,镉0.01—0.80mg/kg,铜0.18—16.11mg/kg,锰0.07—7.98mg/kg和铬0.48—8.03mg/kg。各元素回收率在90.0%—113.3%之间。本方法简便、准确,为进一步评价空调系统的卫生状况和风管积尘对人体的影响提供了技术支持。     

多频染料激光器的相关调谐原理

本文将染料激光系统模式耦合理论应用于三频或多频运转的染料激光器,得到了用“增益-损耗比”和振荡频率所含模数等参量表示的振荡条件关系式,讨论了三频染料激光的振荡状态图及其相关调谐问题.     

Eigenvalues,integer discontinuities and NMR shielding constants in Kohn—Sham theory

Kohn—Sham eigenvalues are determined from coupled cluster electron densities. The calculated HOMO—LUMO eigenvalue differences are compared with those from conventional generalized gradient approximation (GGA) exchange-correlation functionals for a range of small molecules. In all cases, GGA HOMO—LUMO differences are smaller than those calculated from the coupled cluster densities. When the GGA HOMO—LUMO differences are explicitly corrected—such that they equal those calculated from electron densities—significant improvements in NMR shielding constants are obtained. The eigenvalues calculated from electron densities are also used to approximate the magnitude of the integer discontinuity in the exact exchange-correlation potential. The value of the Kohn—Sham HOMO eigenvalue is then considered. Although HOMO eigenvalues from high quality, asymptotically vanishing, exchange-correlation potentials are close to the negative of the ionization potential, HOMO eigenvalues from the GGA functionals are shifted upwards by approximately 50% of the calculated integer discontinuity. An alternative approach for correcting NMR shielding constants is investigated.     

新型抛光机“LP—1000”的机理分析与抛光模制作工艺

随着我国现代科学技术的发展,特别是激光技术、微电子学技术、空间技术的发展,对光学零件的精度要求不断的提高,因而出现了新的高精度设备“LP—1000”环形抛光机。本文主要根据我们使用“LP—1000”环形抛光机的实践。分析比较LP—1000环形抛光机与目前使用的“_ⅢP—350”三轴抛光机抛光机理的区别,其中包括两种抛光机的抛光机理、运动分析、受力分析及“LP—1000”抛光模的制造工艺,加工高精度光学零件易发生的问题和解决方法。     

高衍射效率闪耀全息透镜

提出一种制作位相全息透镜－闪耀全息透镜新设计，利用它可使位相全息透镜的位相分布类似位相菲涅耳透镜，其衍射效率理论值可达９５％以上，但其制作过程要比位相菲涅耳透镜容易，文中给出了原理分析和实验验证，初步结果是令人满意的。     

Manifestations of clustering in fission of excited actinides

A new, graphical way of extracting important physical information from the total kinetic-energy—mass (TKE—M) distributions of the nuclear reaction products is presented. The resulting images indicate for the first time the presence of the Ni—Mo and Ge—Mo fission modes in the fission of Np nuclei at intermediate excitation energies.