On generalized Stackelberg strategies

The concept of Stackelberg strategy for a nonzero-sum two-person game is extended to allow for a nonunique rational response of the follower. This leads to the notion of a generalized Stackelberg strategy for the leader, which guarantees him a cost value that cannot be exceeded, no matter what the rational response of the follower. Then, a generalized Stackelberg strategy pair is defined. A simple example is given. The idea of a generalized Stackelberg strategy and strategy pair is then applied to the situation of one leader and many rational followers.This paper is based on research supported by the National Science Foundation.     

Lifting Automorphisms

Let A be a unital nuclear separable C*-algebra which satisfies the Universal Coefficient Theorem and E be a unital essential extension of the form:

Averaging in hyperbolic systems subject to weakly dependent random perturbations

The first initial boundary value problem is considered for a hyperbolic equation with a small parameter for an external action described by some stochastic process satisfying some of the conditions of weak dependence. Averaging of the coefficients over the temporal variable is conducted. The existence is assumed of a unique generalized solution both for the initial stochastic problem and for the problem with an averaged equation, which turns out to be deterministic. For the probability of deviation of a solution of the initial equation from the solution of the averaged problem, exponential bounds are established of the type of S. N. Bernshtein inequalities for the sums of independent random variables.Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 44, No. 8, pp. 1011–1020, August, 1992.     

Differentiation of fractional order onp-groups,approximation properties

G- p- . [5] - (G) L _r(G) (1r<), . . , - . , , , . . , X. , . (. [1], [2] [4]).     

Some remarks on Turán's inequality. III: The completion

. 0pq, 1–1/p+1/p0. f(x) — n, [–1,1],

Asymptotic Density and the Asymptotics of Partition Functions

Let A be a set of positive integers with gcd (A) = 1, and let p _A (n) be the partition function of A. Let c ₀ = 2/3. If A has lower asymptotic density and upper asymptotic density , then lim inf log p _A (n)/c ₀ n and lim sup log p _A (n)/c ₀ n . In particular, if A has asymptotic density > 0, then log p _A (n) c₀n. Conversely, if > 0 and log p _A (n) c ₀ n, then the set A has asymptotic density .     

Zeros of the densities of infinitely divisible measures on R n

Let be an infinitely divisible probability measure onR ⁿ without Gaussian component and let be its Lévy measure. Suppose that is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure . We investigate the structure of the set ⁿ of admissible translates of . This yields a unified presentation of previously known results. We also show that if(S)>0 then is equivalent to , under the assumption that supp =R ⁿ , whereS is the closure of the semigroup generated by the support of .The research of this author is supported by KBN Grant.The research of this author is supported by AFSOR Grant No. 90-0168, and the University of Tennessee Science Alliance, a State of Tennessee Center of Excellence.     

A new characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">PSU</Emphasis>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">p,q</Emphasis>)

Summary Let G be a finite group. Order components of G were introduced in Chen [5]. Let OC(G) be the set of order components of G. Some finite groups are characterizable by their order components. This assertion was proved for the simple groups PSU(p,q), where p=3, 5, 7 and 11. In this paper, we prove that the simple groups PSU(p,q) can be uniquely determined by their order components, where p&ge;13 is a prime number. Main consequences of our results are the validity of a conjecture of J. G. Thompson and another conjecture of W. Shi and J. Bi for the groups under consideration.     

The normal density of prime ideals in small regions

For a Gaussian prime (i) define ()=min|–| where runs through Gaussian primes satisfying ||>||. We prove that, subject to the Riemann Hypothesis for appropriateL-functions

Eine Charakterisierung unendlich oft teilbarer Verteilungen auf [0, ∞)

A function : [0, )(-,0] is the logarithm of the Laplace transform of an infinitely divisible probability measure on [0,) if and only if (0)=0, is continuous and conditionally positiv semi-definite.     

Support function and hyperbolic plane

Minkowskis theorem _C(cosh d(o, ) – kS) ds = 0 in the hyperbolic plane (Kleins model) for smoothly bounded horocyclic convex bodies K with outer unit normal vector u and curvature |k| 1 of C K with arclength s where S <sinh d(o, ) grad d(o, ), u> motivates the introduction of a hyperbolic support function H of K. Hereby H() d(l(), D⁺()) is the distance of the K-supporting distance curve D⁺() from the line l() through the origin o with the direction angle . – The paper deals with the representation of C, s and k by H including extremal cases and an application of Minkowskis theorem to the characterization of circles by inequalities for their hyperbolic support function.     

Categories equivalent to the category of rational H-spaces

The category of rationalH-spaces is shown to be equivalent to the category of commutative Hopf algebras over , the category of cocommutative Hopf algebras over , and the categoryL of graded Lie algebras over by the rational cohomology, homology, and homotopy functors, respectively. Several consequences of these equivalences are derived. It is also proved that the loop-space functor is an equivalence from the category of coformal rational spaces to . Dually, the category of rationalcoH-spaces is shown to be equivalent to the comonoid category ofL and to the category of cocommutative coalgebras over . The suspension functor is an equivalence from the category of formal, rational spaces to the category of 2-connected, rationalcoH-spaces.     

Beitrag zur Reduktion des Entscheidungsproblems auf Klassen von Hornformeln mit kurzen Alternationen

Ohne Zusammenfassung Zusatz bei der Korrektur: Ein vollständiger und korrekter Beweis für die Entscheidbarkeit der eingangs angeführten Aanderaaschen Klasse ((0, ), (, , ...)) erscheint demnächst im JSL (S.O. Aanderaa/H.R.Lewis: Prefix classes of Krom formulas). Ebendort wird auch die Reduktionstypeneigenschaft für ((0, ), (0, 0, )) und ((0, )), (0, 0, )) nachgewiesen, während ((0, ), (, )) sich als entscheidbar herausgestellt hat (s. E. Börger: Eine entscheidbare Klasse von Kromformeln. ZMLG 19 (1973), 117–120.) Der Kromsche Reduktionstyp konnte mittlerweile einerseits zu ((0, ), (0, 4)) verschärft werden (s. D. Rödding, E. Börger: The undecidability of (0, 4)-formulae with binary disjunctions, vorgetragen auf dem Logic Coll. Bristol 1973, ein abstract erscheint im JSL), andererseits kündigt H.R.Lewis die Reduktionstypeneigenschaft für ((0, ), (0, 1)) an (s. H.R.Lewis: Krom formulas with one dyadic predicate letter. Notices AMS 20, 5 (1973) A-500, abstr. no. 73T-E78.)Dieser Aufsatz geht aus der Dissertation [2] hervor, die dem Fachbereich Mathematik der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Münster im Sommersemester 1971 vorgelegt worden ist. Die Ergebnisse stammen aus dem Wintersemester 1970/71. Eine Ankündigung der hauptsächlichen Resultate ist in den Notices of the American Mathematical Society 19, 2 (1972) A-333 unter der abstract no. * 72T-E24 erschienen.     

Semimodular lattices with isomorphic graphs

Two discrete modular lattice and have isomorphic graphs if and only if is of the form A × and is of the form A × for some lattices A and and . We prove that for discrete semimodular lattices and this latter condition holds if and only if and have isomorphic graphs and the isomorphism preserves the order on all cover-preserving sublattices of which are isomorphic to the seven-element, semimodular, nonmodular lattice (see Figure 1). This answers in the affirmative a question posed by J. Jakubik.     

On a retract of an integral domain

Let A R be commutative integral domains with identity. We say A is a retract of R when there exists a ring homomorphism : RA such that |_A=id_A. We Prove two theorems: Theorem 3.1 says when A is a retract of R via , with Kernel ()= =t·R (O), then t is transcendental over A and if A is sub-inert in R, then RK(t)=A[t], where K is the quotient field of A. This theorem with the hypotheses strengthened to A being a 2-valuation algebra of R and the transcendence degree of R over A equal to one, gives Theorem 4.1, which now says R=A[t]. Given the other hypotheses of Theorem 4.1, A being a 2-valuation algebra of R is equivalent to the existence of a valuation ring V of L, the quotient field of R, such that VR=A. Some counterexamples are given and some variations on the hypotheses of Theorem 4.1 are discussed.     

Serre's Conjecture for Imaginary Quadratic Fields

We study an analog over an imaginary quadratic field K of Serre's conjecture for modular forms. Given a continuous irreducible representation :Gal(Q/K) GL₂(F_l) we ask if is modular. We give three examples of representations obtained by restriction of even representations of Gal(Q/Q). These representations appear to be modular when viewed as representations over K, as shown by the computer calculations described at the end of the paper.     

Large-Deviation Local Theorem for Additive Functionals of a Markov Gaussian Field. I

We prove a local limit theorem (LLT) on Cramer-type large deviations for sums S _V = _t V ( _t ), where _t , t Z , 1, is a Markov Gaussian random field, V Z , and is a bounded Borel function. We get an estimate from below for the variance of S _V and construct two classes of functions , for which the LLT of large deviations holds.     

Zur Kennzeichnung Fanoscher Affin-Metrischer Geometrien

Let V be a vector space over the commutative field K such that char K 2 2 dim V , and let Q:V K be a quadratic form of rank 2. The pair (A(V,K),_Q), consisting of the affine space A(V,K) and the congruence relation _Q, defined by (a,b)_Q (c,d) Q(a–b) = Q(c–d) (a,b),(c,d) V×V, is called an affine-metric fano-space of rank 2. In this paper, such spaces are characterized by three simple geometrical properties.     

The likelihood ratio for densities with singularities

Let t_n be the Bayesian estimator of the parameter constructed from independent observations in the case of infinite information and probability distribution density with some singularities. It is shown that under certain conditions on the behavior of the densities near their singularities, the normalizing factor (n) ensuring that _n=(n) (t_n-) has a nontriviallimiting distribution for n is regularly varying in Karamata's sense. The limiting distribution of _n is determined.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 74, pp. 66–82, 1977.I would like to acknowledge the guidance of I. A. Ibragimov in the course of this research.     

Eine Gruppentheoretisch-Geometrische Kennzeichnung der Projektiv-Metrischen Geometrien

If V is a vector space over a commutative field K, and if QV K is an arbitrary quadratic form 0, then the metric vector space (V,K,Q) determines a projective metric space ((V,K),_Q), consisting of the projective space (V,K) and a congruence relation _Q induced by Q, By generalizing results of F.Bachmann, H.Karzel, R.Lingenberg, W.Nolte and U.Ott, in this paper we present a complete solution for the problem of finding a common intrinsic characterization of all projective metric spaces. The solution is based on a sharp three-reflection-theorem, which can be formulated algebraically in the Clifford algebra C(Q) of (V,K,Q), even if this algebra is commutative.

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Rafael Artzy zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet