自发喇曼散射技术对燃烧场的诊断

介绍了利用Nd:YAG激光的三倍频激发自发振动喇曼散射技术对燃烧场的诊断及相关的实验原理,测量了不同配比条件下的CH4-air预混火焰内的主要组分(N2,O2,H2O,CH4)及其相对浓度;并分别用分子浓度测温法和斯托克斯谱与反斯托克斯谱强度比法测量了火焰的温度;还对该技术测温、测浓度的不确定度进行了分析。将该技术应用到对复杂的固体燃剂燃烧场的诊断,取得了燃烧场中几种主要燃烧组分（N2,H2CO,CH4,H2O）的喇曼光谱,以及这些组分在燃烧过程中的变化信息。     

自发喇曼散射技术对燃烧场的诊断

 介绍了利用Nd:YAG激光的三倍频激发自发振动喇曼散射技术对燃烧场的诊断及相关的实验原理，测量了不同配比条件下的CH₄-air预混火焰内的主要组分(N₂，O₂，H₂O，CH₄)及其相对浓度；并分别用分子浓度测温法和斯托克斯谱与反斯托克斯谱强度比法测量了火焰的温度；还对该技术测温、测浓度的不确定度进行了分析。将该技术应用到对复杂的固体燃剂燃烧场的诊断，取得了燃烧场中几种主要燃烧组分（N₂，H₂CO，CH₄，H₂O）的喇曼光谱，以及这些组分在燃烧过程中的变化信息。     

自发喇曼成像法在线测量流场组分浓度

介绍了自发喇曼成像技术实时监测流场组分浓度的方法,利用Nd：YAG脉冲激光器以及ICCD和光谱仪对大气进行了不同实验条件的测试,得到了影响谱线强度及测试精度的几个因素;得到了大气流场各主要成分的自发喇曼散射光谱和绝对浓度,测量误差小于8%。该技术可望在氧碘化学激光器单重态氧发生器物种浓度测定时得以应用以改善O2(1Δ)浓度测试精度较低的现状。     

自发喇曼成像法在线测量流场组分浓度

 介绍了自发喇曼成像技术实时监测流场组分浓度的方法,利用Nd：YAG脉冲激光器以及ICCD和光谱仪对大气进行了不同实验条件的测试,得到了影响谱线强度及测试精度的几个因素;得到了大气流场各主要成分的自发喇曼散射光谱和绝对浓度,测量误差小于8%。该技术可望在氧碘化学激光器单重态氧发生器物种浓度测定时得以应用以改善O₂(¹Δ)浓度测试精度较低的现状。     

稀土配合物的喇曼散射和超喇曼散射效应

以可见光为激发光,观测了稀土配合物的喇曼散射和超瑞利、超喇曼散射光谱,简单论述了超瑞利和超喇曼散射的理论,对实验测出的谱线进行了认证与分析     

钠分子的共振喇曼散射

本文用80mW6238.2(?)的He-Ne激光激发钠蒸气,用一种新颖的棱镜反射光路,从后向首次观察到了56O0～8200(?)钠分子的共振喇曼谱.     

混合溶液的布里渊散射和喇曼散射研究

利用布里渊散射测试了多种混合溶液的声速特性,发现声速随混合比的变化曲线既有单调变化的,也有存在极大值和极小值的。同时,在混合溶液的喇曼散射谱中发现了分分子某些振动模式频率因混合而移动的现象。本文对以上各种现象进行了解释,得到了混合溶液分子间相互作用的信息。研究还表明,光散射方法在这一领域研究中是富有特色的。 关键词：     

高压氢激发态之间的受激喇曼散射

本文采用非稳腔输出的XeCl准分子激光,首次观察到高压氢高激发态之间的受激喇曼散射,并讨论了它们产生的条件.     

煤油燃烧场主要组分浓度测量

利用自发振动拉曼散射技术测量了煤油燃烧场主要组分的摩尔分数。基于355nm激光激发振动拉曼散射建立了自发拉曼散射实验系统,测量了空气中主要组分的摩尔分数,分析了该技术的测量精度;测量了煤油蒸气在355nm激光激励下产生的荧光光谱,分析了荧光信号对拉曼信号的干扰;对不同燃烧条件下的煤油燃烧场进行了诊断,获得了贫油条件下煤油燃烧场主要组分(N2,O2,H2O,CO2等)的拉曼光谱,计算了组分摩尔分数及其随燃烧时间的变化规律。     

煤油燃烧场主要组分浓度测量

利用自发振动拉曼散射技术测量了煤油燃烧场主要组分的摩尔分数。基于355 nm激光激发振动拉曼散射建立了自发拉曼散射实验系统,测量了空气中主要组分的摩尔分数,分析了该技术的测量精度;测量了煤油蒸气在355 nm激光激励下产生的荧光光谱,分析了荧光信号对拉曼信号的干扰;对不同燃烧条件下的煤油燃烧场进行了诊断,获得了贫油条件下煤油燃烧场主要组分（N2,O2,H2O,CO2等）的拉曼光谱,计算了组分摩尔分数及其随燃烧时间的变化规律。     

自发喇曼成像法在线测量流场组分浓度（Ⅱ）

介绍了利用自发Raman散射光谱测量低压气流组分绝对浓度的方法，在流动状态下得到了不同压力的自发喇曼散射光谱，检测最低压力为133Pa；对于含N2氧气流在已知N2浓度时实时标定检测了O2的绝对浓度，测量误差小于8％。，     

自发喇曼成像法在线测量流场组分浓度(II)

 介绍了利用自发Raman散射光谱测量低压气流组分绝对浓度的方法，在流动状态下得到了不同压力下的自发喇曼散射光谱，检测最低压力为133帕；对于含N₂氧气流在已知N₂浓度时实时标定检测了O₂的绝对浓度，测量误差小于8%。     

Stimulated Raman scattering and spontaneous Raman solitons in ammonia

In this study we report the first observation of spontaneous Raman solitons in stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) by the gas NH₃. The scattered radiation is called Stokes radiation. Raman solitons are of considerable interest, because their existence can be explained by quantum-mechanical fluctuations of the electromagnetic field in vacuum. We have observed spontaneous Raman solitons in a forward SRS configuration for two different molecular transitions of NH₃, the laser emissions at 58 μm and 72.6 μm wavelength. These are optically pumped by 10 μm CO₂-laser pulses with a duration of 100 ns and an energy of 150 mJ. Spontaneous Raman solitons are short spikes in the pump pulse which occur during its depletion. Their origin is the rapid π phase change of the Stokes seed. In contrast to other laboratories we have used single-pass cells. Thus, we have succeeded in observing multiple spontaneous Raman solitons during one pump pulse. Previous experiments with multi-pass cells never showed multiple solitons. Since multiple spontaneous Raman solitons have already been reported in an earlier experiment with a single-pass cell filled with hydrogen at high pressure, we conclude that such multiple Raman solitons can be observed mainly in this type of gas cell. Subsequently, we have performed statistical measurements on the delay time and the height of the spontaneous Raman solitons in the depleted pump pulse for the 58 μm-NH₃ emission. We have compared these statistics with theory and equivalent experimental results of other laboratories. They are in good agreement with the assumption that quantum-mechanical fluctuations are the origin of spontaneous Raman solitons. The most recent theories postulate that the origin of the formation of spontaneous Raman solitons can be explained by the rapid π phase change of the Stokes seed as well as that of the laser or polarization wave. Therefore, we have determined the phase of the spontaneous Raman solitons relative to the depleted pump pulse. Although, such changes of sign of the relative phase have already been observed in an earlier SRS experiment with hydrogen at high pressure, we did not detect any in our experiment. Therefore, we conclude that in this experiment the π phase change occurs in the Stokes or polarization wave.     

皮秒激光抽运高压H_2的受激拉曼散射研究

利用Nd :YAG锁模序列脉冲激光 (10 6 4nm)抽运充有高压H2 的拉曼池 ,输出光束经棱镜分光后投射在屏上 ,在可见光及近紫外光区用彩色胶卷摄得 15个受激拉曼散射光斑 ;经 1m光栅摄谱仪摄谱 ,在 36 5— 6 0 5nm波长范围内得到 6 5条受激拉曼谱线 .通过实验结果与理论计算值的比较 ,证明除了H2 的振动拉曼频移量 4 15 4 6cm- 1 外 ,还有多个振动及转动拉曼频移量共同参与作用 ,从而产生了从紫外到红外众多波长的受激拉曼散射光 .     

Optimization of a Raman/EDFA hybrid amplifier based on dual-order stimulated Raman scattering using a single-pump

Based on dual-order stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of a single 1395 nm Raman fiber laser in 75 km single mode fiber and its corresponding dispersion compensation module, a hybrid Raman/Erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) for long wavelength band (L-band) amplification is realized by inserting a segment of EDF within the span. By comparing the performance of gain and noise in four hybrid amplifiers with different span configurations, we find that the distribution of the secondary L-band amplification obtained from the EDF along the link has a great influence on the performance of the hybrid amplifier. Both gain and noise performance of hybrid amplifier can be improved significantly by optimizing the location of the EDF. Moreover, we can extend the flat gain bandwidth from L-band to central wavelength band (C-band) plus L-band by recycling the residual first-order SRS to pump a segment of EDF with proper length.     

Spectra of spontaneous Raman scattering in taper-drawn micro/nano-fibers

We study the spontaneous Raman scattering(RS) in taper-drawn micro/nano-fibers(MNFs) by employing the photon counting technique. The spectra of RS in five MNFs, which are fabricated by using different heating flames(hydrogen flame or butane flame) and with different diameters, are measured within a frequency shift range of 1435 cm~(-1)–3200 cm~(-1).From the measured spectra, we observe the RS peaks originated from silica and a unique RS peak with a frequency shift of ~ 2905 cm~(-1)(~ 87.2 THz). Unlike the former ones, the latter one is not observable in conventional optical fibers.Furthermore, the unique peak becomes obvious and starts to rapidly increase with the decrease of the diameter of MNFs when the diameter is smaller than 2 μm, and the intensity of the unique peak significantly depends on the heating flame used in the fabricating process. Our investigation is useful for the entanglement generation or optical sensing using taper-drawn MNFs.     

阻尼最小二乘算法CARS光谱温度拟合

为了解决相干反斯托克斯喇曼散射（CARS）光谱CARSFT计算程序在温度拟合过程中,对初值依赖大、测量光谱信噪比差、不易收敛的问题,通过分析非线性迭代算法,采用了阻尼最小二乘算法对氮气CARS光谱进行温度拟合。针对CARS理论光谱计算公式较为复杂的特点,采用数值差分的方式来获得迭代计算时所需要的设计矩阵。分析了横向偏移、纵向偏移和温度三个主要参量对拟合残差的影响,发现纵向偏移的初值设置对温度拟合影响较大。拟合温度2000 K时的标准理论CARS光谱,设置偏离较大的初始值,采用阻尼最小二乘法获得了较好的结果。迭代计算167步后,温度拟合为2 005.6 K,残差为0.027 463。拟合光谱信噪比较差的CARS光谱,阻尼最小二乘法也能稳定收敛。结果验证了阻尼最小二乘法对初值的依赖不大,并且当拟合谱信噪比较差时也能收敛,可用于在恶劣环境下CARS测量光谱的拟合。