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1.
J.T. Elizalde-Galindo F.J. Rivera Gmez J.A. Matutes-Aquino C.E. Botez 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2008,320(14):e58-e60
Nanostructured YCo5 (70%wt)+Y2Co17 (30%wt) composite powders were prepared by mechanical milling and subsequent annealing at 1073 K for 1.5 min. The average grain size D of the YCo5 and Y2Co17 phases, obtained from XRD data, was 14 and 12 nm, respectively. The temperature dependence of the magnetic properties was studied by DC magnetization measurements at temperatures T ranging from 3 to 300 K. Hysteresis loops (Hmax=70 kOe) show that both the coercivity HC and the squareness σr/σmax are temperature-dependent. The coercivity increases from 12 kOe at room temperature to 18 kOe at T=3 K. The observed enhanced remanence (σr/σmax>0.5) indicates that a strong exchange coupling is present at all temperatures used in this study. The maximum magnetization σmax changes little with temperature and has a value of about 70% of the effective saturation magnetization of the title compound. 相似文献
2.
C. Orquiz-Muela J.A. Matutes-Aquino 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2008,320(14):e55-e57
Starting from arc-melted alloys, nanostructured Pr0.5Sm0.5Co5 powders were synthesized by mechanical milling and subsequent vacuum annealing during short times to develop an optimal microstructure with high hard magnetic properties. The best magnetic properties were obtained for the stoichiometric Pr0.5Sm0.5Co5 powders milled for 4 h and annealed at 800 °C for 1 min with a high coercitivity of 13.5 kOe, a high Mr/Mmax ratio of 0.72 and a maximum energy product of 11 MGOe. From X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, CaCu5-type phase and an average grain size of about 12 nm were determined in the annealed powders, and we calculated that 59% of the volume of the grains/crystallites are exchange-coupled. The observed magnetic hardening is associated to the high magnetic anisotropy field of the PrCo5 and SmCo5 phases and also to the microstructure developed by the processing used. 相似文献
3.
Shaobo Yang Jianping Zhong Jun Miao Jie Yuan Bo Xu Lixin Cao Xianggang Qiu Bairu Zhao Zhong Xie Lihua Zhao 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2005,370(1-4):99-103
The electronic and magnetic phase transitions of Pr0.5−xLaxSr0.5MnO3 with x=0.10 and 0.15 were investigated. The M(T) and ρ(T) curves for these samples clearly show transitions from antiferromagnetic insulator to ferromagnetic semiconductor, ferromagnetic metal and finally to paramagnetic semiconductor as the temperature is increased from 5 to 300 K. Especially, two obvious protrudent peaks in the magnetoresistance curves MR(T) for these samples were clearly observed in the relative low magnetic field, 1 T. One peak appears at around the antiferromagnet-ferromagnet transition temperature TN (150 K) with MR≈−23%, another occurs at around the ferromagnet-paramagnet transition temperature TC(275 K ) with MR≈−8.2%. In addition, when the magnetic field was increased, the temperature corresponding to the MR peak at TN shifts to lower temperature while the temperature corresponding to the MR peak at TC is fixed. 相似文献
4.
Bao-xin Huang Yi-hua Liu Xiaobo Yuan Cheng-jian Wang Ru-zhen Zhang Liang-mo Mei 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2004,280(2-3):176-183
Enhancements of the low-field (LFMR) and high-field magnetoresistance (HFMR) were observed in the manganite system prepared by doping Nb2O5 into La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 powders. The maximum MR ratios at 77 K with H=1 T and 1 kOe are 30% and 20% for the 0.07 molar ratio doped sample, which are 1.7 times and 1.6 times as large as that for LSMO, respectively. An MR effect up to 6.5% was also found for the sample with x=0.03 at room temperature (RT). The spin-dependent tunneling and scattering at the interfaces of grain boundaries are responsible for the LFMR while the HFMR originates from a noncollinear spin structure in the surface layer. With increasing x, the Curie temperature (TC) decreases monotonically from 364 to 154 K while the temperature TP related to the peak resistivity decreases firstly to a minimum of 204 K (x=0.06) and then rises up to 240 K (x=0.1). There is a maximum resistivity ρ for the sample with x=0.06, which is higher than that for LSMO by five orders of magnitude. It is due to the enhancement of spin-dependent and independent scattering and tunneling effects on the interfaces of grain boundaries and inside the grains. 相似文献
5.
Helga Baum 《Journal of Geometry and Physics》1987,4(4):503-522
Let
(P) be the moduli space of irreducible connections of a G-principal bundle P over a closed Riemannian spin manifold M. Let DA be the Dirac operator of M coupled to a connection A of P and f a smooth function on M. We consider a smooth variation A(u) of A with tangent vector ω and denote Tω:=
(DA(u)−f) (u=0. The coefficients of the asymptotic expansion of trace (Tω · e-t(DA−f)2) near t=0 define 1-forms a(k)f, K=0, 1, 2, … on
(P). In this paper we calculate aa(0)f, a(1)f, a(2)f and study some of their properties. For instance using the 1-form a(2)f for suitable functions f we obtain a foliation of codimension 5 of the space of G-instantons of S4. 相似文献
6.
The single domain size of BaFe12O19 powder with crystallite sizes less than 200 nm was produced using a citric acid precursor method. Fe3+ and Ba2+, in a molar ratio of 12, were chelated by COOH− in an aqueous solution. After ethylene glycol additions, esterification, dehydration, and calcination led to the formation of ester-derived BaFe12O19 powder. High pH and/or high citric acid contents in the starting solution are required to complete chelate metallic ions in the solution and to form pure barium ferrite powder at 1073 K. Pure single magnetic domain BaFe12O19 particles of M(30 kOe)≈54 emu/g, Mr≈28 emu/g, and Hc≈3.7 kOe were produced using [citric acid]/[metallic ions]=1.5 and pH7. 相似文献
7.
A. I. Tovstolytkin N. A. Belous I. V. Lezhnenko 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》1994,130(1-3):293-296
We present here the detailed analysis of the magnetic behavior of the Co0.53Ga0.47 alloy, especially at temperatures above the freezing temperature Tf = 10 K. Low field static magnetization measurements were performed by using the SQUID magnetometer in the temperature range 5–65 K and magnetic fields up to 100 Oe. The temperature dependence of the field cooled susceptibility πFC(T) at T > Tf has an anomaly, which is displayed in the double change of the curvature near Ts = 24 K. The data of magnetization MFC in an external field H lie on a universal curve MFC(H/T) at temperatures Tf < T < Ts. The plots of π-1FC(T) and non-linear magnetic susceptibility πnlFC(T-3) are linear lines in the temperature range Tf−Ts. The strong deviation of π-1FC(T) and πnlFC(T-3) from straight line, taking place at T Ts, indicates that Ts is an upper temperature limit of the classical superparamagnetic behavior with the constant cluster moment. The results suggest that such phenomena may be fairly universal for spin glasses. 相似文献
8.
Anomalous magnetotransport phenomena have been observed in θ-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 crystals at temperatures below 15 K. The magnetoresistance M : (1) is a linear function of the magnetic field H, (2) is not affected by the angle between the electric current and the magnetic field, (3) but depends on the magnetic field orientation with respect to the crystal axis. Magnetoresistance is expressed as M = (aH2a + bH2b + cH2c)0-3/2/H in terms of H = (Ha, Hb, Hc), the zero field resistivity 0, and parameters a, b, and c which are independent of temperature and magnetic field. We have found that b a > c. Magnetoresistance up to 40 is observed for H = 7T along the b-axis at T = 1.5K. 相似文献
9.
This work describes multilayers of Co90Fe10 tF/Ru tRu/Co90Fe10 tF and Ni81Fe19 tF/Ru tRu/Ni81Fe19 tF (20 ÅtF200 Å) prepared at ambient temperature by ion beam deposition on Si/SiO2 3 kÅ substrates. The samples exhibited a maximum antiferromagnetic coupling with tRu=3.2 Å and M–H curves characterized by zero remanent magnetic moment and enhanced saturation field. Antiferromagnetic peaks were present with tRu17 and 30 Å. 相似文献
10.
Ultralow detection limit of giant magnetoresistance biosensor using Fe_3O_4–graphene composite nanoparticle label
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A special Fe_3O_4nanoparticles–graphene(Fe_3O_4–GN) composite as a magnetic label was employed for biodetection using giant magnetoresistance(GMR) sensors with a Wheatstone bridge. The Fe_3O_4–GN composite exhibits a strong ferromagnetic behavior with the saturation magnetization M_S of approximately 48 emu/g, coercivity H_C of 200 Oe, and remanence M_r of 8.3 emu/g, leading to a large magnetic fringing field. However, the Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles do not aggregate together, which can be attributed to the pinning and separating effects of graphene sheet to the magnetic particles. The Fe_3O_4–GN composite is especially suitable for biodetection as a promising magnetic label since it combines two advantages of large fringing field and no aggregation. As a result, the concentration x dependence of voltage difference |?V| between detecting and reference sensors undergoes the relationship of |?V| = 240.5 lgx + 515.2 with an ultralow detection limit of 10 ng/mL(very close to the calculated limit of 7 ng/mL) and a wide detection range of 4 orders. 相似文献
11.
Luminescence spectrum and its temperature dependence have been investigated for hexagonal YMnO3 crystal which is ferroelectric below TC=914 K and becomes simultaneously antiferromagnetic below TN=74 K. The luminescence spectrum is as broad as two-magnon Raman scattering spectrum. The luminescence intensity is comparable to the latter at room temperature and it increases rapidly as the temperature decreases. These characteristics are discussed based upon other optical responses and theoretical results. 相似文献
12.
P. C. Canfield B. K. Cho D. C. Johnston D. K. Finnemore
M. F. Hundley
《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》1994,230(3-4):397-406The magnetization of single-crystal HoNi2B2C has been measured as a function of applied field (H) and temperature in order to probe the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism in this complex layered system. The normal-state magnetic susceptibility of HoNi2B2C is highly anisotropic with a Curie-Weiss-like temperature dependence for H applied perpendicular to the c-axis and with a much weaker temperature dependence for H applied parallel to the c-axis, indicating that the Ho+3 magnetic moments lie predominately in the tetragonal a−b plane below 20 K. High-field magnetization (2000 Oe), low-field magnetization (20 Oe) and zero-field specific heat all give an antiferromagnetic ordering temperature of TN=5.0 K. Remarkably, in 20 Oe applied field both superconductivity (Tc=8.0 K) and antiferromagnetism (TN=5.0 K) clearly make themselves manifest in the magnetization data. From these magnetization data a phase diagram in the H−T plane was constructed for both directions of applied field. This phase diagram shows a non-monotonic temperature dependence of Hc2 with a deep minimum at TN=5 K. The high-field magnetization data for H applied perpendicular to the c-axis also reveal a cascade of three phase transitions for T < 5 K and H < 15 000 Oe, contributing to the rich H versus T phase diagram for HoNi2B2C at low temperatures. 相似文献
13.
G. Alejandro C. A. Ramos D. Vega M. T. Causa J. Fontcuberta M. Tovar 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2002,320(1-4):26-29
We report X-ray diffraction, DC-susceptibility, electron spin resonance (ESR), and dilatometry measurements carried out on an La7/8Sr1/8MnO3 single crystal. Thermal expansion was measured along different crystallographic axes using a three-terminal dilatometer. The sharp anomalies observed in the temperature dependence of Δl/l allowed us to locate the Jahn–Teller transition at TJT=285(1) K. ESR experiments were carried out in the paramagnetic regime from 220 to 570 K, at 9.4 GHz. We measured the ESR line width ΔHpp(T) with the magnetic field parallel to the crystallographic directions [1 0 0] and [0 0 1], referred to the orthorhombic (Pbnm) axes. We correlate the temperature dependence of ΔHpp with the structural changes of the lattice. 相似文献
14.
钙钛矿型锰氧化物(La$lt;sub$gt;0.8$lt;/sub$gt;Eu$lt;sub$gt;0.2$lt;/sub$gt;)$lt;sub$gt;4/3$lt;/sub$gt;Sr$lt;sub$gt;5/3$lt;/sub$gt;Mn$lt;sub$gt;2$lt;/sub$gt;O$lt;sub$gt;7$lt;/sub$gt;的磁性和电性研究
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采用传统固相反应法制备钙钛矿型锰氧化物 (La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7多晶样品, X-射线衍射分析表明, 样品(La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7结构呈现良好的单相. 通过磁化强度随温度的变化曲线(M-T)、不同温度下磁化强度随磁场的变化曲线(M-H)和电子自旋共振谱发现: 在300 K以下, 随着温度的降低, 样品先后经历了二维短程铁磁有序转变 (TC2D ≈ 282 K)、三维长程铁磁有序转变(TC3D ≈ 259 K)、奈尔转变(TN ≈ 208K)和电荷有序转变(TCO ≈ 35 K); 样品 (La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7在TN以下, 主要处于反铁磁态; 在TC3D达到370 K时, 样品处于铁磁-顺磁共存态, 在370 K以上时样品进入顺磁态. 此外, 分析电阻率随温度的变化曲线(ρ-T)得到: 样品在金属-绝缘转变温度(TP ≈ 80 K)附近出现最大磁电阻值, 其位置远离TC3D, 表现出非本征磁电阻现象, 其磁电阻值约为61%. 在TCO以下, 电阻率出现明显增长, 这是由于温度下降使原本在高温部分巡游的eg电子开始自发局域化增强所致. 通过对 (La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7的ρ-T 曲线拟合, 发现样品在高温部分的导电方式基本遵循小极化子的导电方式.
关键词:
磁性
电性
金属-绝缘转变温度
电子自旋共振 相似文献
15.
P. J. Kung P. G. Wahlbeck M. E. McHenry M. P. Maley D. E. Peterson 《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》1994,220(3-4):310-322
Silver-sheathed TlBa2Ca2Cu3O9+δ (Tl-1223) tapes, with a transport critical current density, Jct, of 6200 A/cm2 at 75 K under zero magnetic field, were fabricated by the oxide-powder-in-tube (OPIT) method and characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. The results of the magnetization and SEM study indicate that, in these tapes, individual grains are distributed randomly in orientation and weak links exist. However, strongly linked percolative current paths within the tape persisting in increasing fields, accompanied by strong intrinsic interplanar coupling, sustain a significant Jct at high fields and lead to the plateau in the Jct-H curve. Dislocation networks, which may act as effective pinning centers, are the common features observed in the tapes. To investigate the effects on flux pinning due to thermomechanical processing, magnetic relaxation at 1 and 2 T over 5–50 K was measured. The tape shows slightly lower normalized relaxation rates (S=-(1/Mo)dM/ dln t) than the cauliflower-like precursor powder. Analyses of the relaxation data obtained from the tape, after incorporating temperature dependence and field scaling, yield an expression for the effective pinning energy Ueff(J,T,H) = (U1/H0.54)[1-(T/ 72.5)2]4(J/Ji)μ. This result was compared with the prediction of the collective flux-creep model, which suggests that Tl-1223 has a three-dimension-like (3D-like) vortex lattice. Presumably, a more plate-like powder morphology may result in improved texturing by the OPIT process. Tl0.5Bi0.5Sr2CaCu2O7+δ ((Tl,Bi)-1212) powder with this morphology was therefore synthesized for comparison. 相似文献
16.
We present an ESR study of Sr2FeMoO6 in the paramagnetic region. A single line at g≈2 was associated with Fe3+ ions. The intensity follows Curie–Weiss law in the whole T range. For T >500 K a secondary line is attributed to ferromagnetic (FM) impurities. The line width is described by ΔHpp(T)=ΔHpp(∞)(1−Θ/T) with a high value for ΔHpp(∞). The absence of narrowing effects is a signature of double-exchange (DE) interactions and indicates that DE drives the FM ordering at a relatively high Tc. 相似文献
17.
J.L. Lpez H.-D. Pfannes R. Paniago J.P. Sinnecker M.A. Novak 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2008,320(14):e327-e330
We have investigated the magnetic behavior of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 7.2 nm. AC susceptibility of colloidal cobalt ferrite nanoparticles was measured as a function of temperature T from 2 to 300 K under zero external DC field for frequencies ranging from f=10 to 10,000 Hz. A prominent peak appears in both χ′ and χ″ as a function of T. The peak temperature T2 of χ″ depends on f following the Vogel–Fulcher law. The particles show superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature, with transition to a blocked state at TBm94 K in ZFC and 119 K in AC susceptibility measurements, respectively, which depends on the applied field. The saturation magnetization and the coercivity measured at 4.2 K are 27.3 emu/g and 14.7 kOe, respectively. The particle size distribution was determined by fitting a magnetization curve obtained at 295 K assuming a log-normal size distribution. The interparticle interactions are found to influence the energy barriers yielding an enhancement of the estimated magnetic anisotropy, K=6×106 erg/cm3. Mössbauer spectra obtained at higher temperatures show a gradual collapse of the magnetic hyperfine splitting typical for superparamagnetic relaxation. At 4.2 K, the Mössbauer spectrum was fitted with two magnetic subspectra with internal fields Hint of 490, 470 and 515 kOe, corresponding to Fe3+ ions in A and B sites. 相似文献
18.
L. K. E. B. Serrona R. Fujisaki A. Sugimura T. Okuda N. Adachi H. Ohsato I. Sakamoto A. Nakanishi M. Motokawa D. H. Ping K. Hono 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2003,260(3):406-414
Nd2Fe14B Φ phase crystallites were formed in Nd16.7Fe65.5B17.8 thin films prepared by RF sputtering with subsequent heat treatment. The 2 μm-thick films were deposited onto 0.1 mm Mo sheets at an average substrate temperature (Ts) of 365°C. The enhanced magnetic properties of the magnetically anisotropic thin films were investigated using different heating rates (hr) of 10°C, 20°C, 50°C and 100°C/min in an annealing experiment. Transformation from the amorphous phase to the crystalline phase is clearly manifested by the formation of fine crystallites embedded as a columnar matrix of Nd2Fe14B phase. High-resolution scanning electron microscope data of the cross-section of the annealed films show columnar stacking of Nd2Fe14B crystallites with sizes <500 nm. Transmission electron microscope observations revealed that the microstructure of these films having out-of-plane magnetization consists of uniformly distributed Φ phase with grain size around 400 nm together with small Nd rich particles. This grain size of Φ phase is comparable to the single domain particle diameter of Nd2Fe14B. Significant change in iHc, 4πMr and 4πMs with hr was confirmed. Annealing conditions with a heating rate of 50°C/min to an annealing temperature (Ta) of 650°C for 30 min was consequently found to give optimum properties for the NdFeB thin films. The resulting magnetic properties, considered to be the effect of varying hr were iHc= 1307–1357 kA/m, 4πMr=0.78–1.06 T and 4πMs=0.81–1.07 T. 相似文献
19.
Yin-Fang Wei Ho-Hua Chung Cheng-Fu Yang Kai-Huang Chen Chien-Chen Diao Chia-Hsiung Kao 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2008,69(4):934-940
In this study, we will develop the influences of the excess x wt% (x=0, 1, 2, and 3) Bi2O3-doped and the different fabricating process on the sintering and dielectric characteristics of 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3 ferroelectric ceramics with the aid of SEM and X-ray diffraction patterns, and dielectric–temperature curves. The 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3+x wt% Bi2O3 ceramics are fabricated by two different processes. The first process is that (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 composition is calcined at 850 °C and BaTiO3 composition is calcined at 1100 °C, then the calcined (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3 and BaTiO3 powders are mixed in according to 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3+x wt% Bi2O3 compositions. The second process is that the raw materials are mixed in accordance to the 0.95 (Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.05 BaTiO3+x wt% Bi2O3 compositions and then calcining at 900 °C. The sintering process is carried out in air for 2 h from 1120 to 1240 °C. After sintering, the effects of process parameters on the dielectric characteristics will be developed by the dielectric–temperature curves. Dielectric–temperature properties are also investigated at the temperatures of 30–350 °C and at the frequencies of 10 kHz–1 MHz. 相似文献
20.
A. E. P. de Araújo F. L. A. Machado A. R. Rodrigues A. K. Nigam R. Pinto 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2002,320(1-4):67-70
Magnetotransport data measured in thin films of La0.55Ho0.15Sr0.3MnO3 down to very low temperatures (0.25 K) are reported. The samples presented colossal magnetoresistance with a TC close to 200 K. A minimum in the resistance vs. T curve and a drop in the ZFC magnetization were also observed. It was also found a T-dependent relaxation effect after the magnetic field was either applied or removed. These results can be understood within the framework where electronic scattering occurs across magnetic domain walls in a reentrant spin-glassy-like phase. 相似文献