一种非稳腔计算机辅助装调方法的数值模拟

谐振腔的自动准直技术是高功率激光器工程实践中的关键技术之一.针对这一问题,对非稳腔的计算机辅助装调方法进行了研究,并对该过程进行了数值模拟.在失调参量和像差系数小范围内线性近似的前提下,获取到一系列表征系统失调的像差值之后,通过求解线性方程组来计算系统的失调量.根据求解结果对失调系统进行修正.数值模拟结果表明单结构参量失调可以很快求出,多结构参量失调情况通过几次迭代求解后也能得到比较理想的结果.目前已经可以确定多个同时存在的失调量(包含倾斜和偏心).倾斜量的求解范围约为10～104 μrad,偏心量的求解范围约为10-2～1 mm.这种辅助装调方法能够有效地指导谐振腔的精装调过程,为今后实际的激光器谐振腔系统的自动调节提供了一种方法.     

交叉棱镜腔Nd:YAG板条激光器

对稳定和非稳共焦型Nd:YAG板条激光器的特性作了理论分析和实验研究.证实了使用交叉棱镜腔的流动空气-水混合冷却板条激光器有高的光束质量和对棱镜失调的不灵敏性,可望获得某些实际应用.关键词:交叉棱镜腔,板条激光器.     

基于H-S波前传感器的正支共焦腔调腔方法的研究

采用H-S波前传感器对于非稳腔进行了实验调腔技术研究,指出了正支共焦腔调腔的原则,以输出光束近场强度和相位分布这一双重依据作为谐振腔是否调好的标准。进行非稳腔调腔时,首先应当保证整个光路共光轴使输出强度分布均匀,但此时光束中可能还包含离焦等高阶像差,因此在腔外用Hartmann-Shack波前传感器进行光束相位测量,得到了35阶像差Zernike系数、波面PV和RMS值,进一步计算得到远场分布和环围能量曲线等。从而可以全面了解输出光束质量,并能有针对性地对光腔进行调整,从而达到较理想的光腔调整共轴状态。     

Unstable resonator and output-coupling design study for diffraction radiation generator near-mm sources

Configurations of unstable resonators that could be used for diffraction radiation generators (DRG's) are presented. The output coupling of a negative branch unstable resonator exhibits an extreme sensitivity to mirror radius and appears to be unsuited to DRG use. The positive branch resonator does not exhibit this sensitivity to mirror radius, and the mirror radii that are needed to give output couplings of a few percent appear practical.Work conducted at the Harry Diamond Laboratories.     

具有均匀相位耦合输出镜非稳腔的模场分析

 利用Prony[1]方法计算均匀相位输出耦合镜非稳腔的输出模场分布及远场方向性,分析了模式分辨率和光束远场发散角与系统各参数之间的关系, 理论计算得到的结果表明,可以在小放大倍率（M=1.3）情况下得到质量达到衍射极限的输出光束,与传统非稳腔比较,这种新型的谐振腔在改善氧碘化学激光器光束质量方面有一定的应用前景。     

激光非稳腔模式的快速计算方法

对Du Fort-Frankel差分格式用于谐振腔模式计算进行简要分析,以该差分格式为基础,提出基于移动矩阵法的非稳腔模式数值计算快速算法.对空腔共焦非稳腔模式进行数值模拟,将计算结果与参考文献进行对比,两者吻合较好.对有源共焦非稳谐振腔内增益区位置对谐振腔输出功率的影响进行数值计算,结果表明:对于采用共焦非稳腔的大功率激光器,当增益体积一定、小信号增益曲线相同时,随着谐振腔内增益区与凹面镜之间的距离的减小,激光器输出功率会有较为明显的提高.数值算例证明了本文方法的正确性和有效性.     

Graded reflectivity mirror unstablelaser resonators

The graded reflectivity mirror (GRM) unstable resonator has become the resonator of choice for many solid-state laser systems. This tutorial review discusses through a step-by-step approach the inner workings of such resonators, in order to identify for potential designers and users tradeoffs which are involved in their design. Geometrical and diffractive contributions to the mode definition are discussed using a canonical formulation applicable to all types of unstable resonators. Particular attention is given to super-Gaussian resonators, which are nowadays the most widely used. The beam-shaping action of an amplifying medium is illustrated through a practical example, which makes clear the necessity to use a proper simulation software to predict correctly the behaviour of the resonator. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

电子束泵浦注入锁定XeCl准分子激光理论模拟

模拟了强流电子束泵浦下,激光腔内的反应动力学过程,及不同注入时间、不同注入强度下注入锁定的激光生成、放大和输运过程。对实际非稳腔使用了一维伸展近似,并采用了预估—校正方法对光子输运方程进行求解。模拟结果表明,激光生成阶段,注入种子光源后,激光输出质量明显改善,使自发辐射部分受到了明显的抑制。得到了在不同注入强度、注入时间以及放大倍数下的激光输出的光谱特性,能量及各种效率的关系。发现锁定效果最佳时的注入时间出现在小信号增益峰值处。     

大功率TEA CO2激光器非稳腔的设计与实验

相比于传统稳腔高功率TEA CO2激光器,如何在不降低功率的基础上,改善其光束质量一直研究者关心的问题。本文在原有稳腔激光器的基础上,设计了三组望远镜虚共焦腔镜,给出了完整的设计过程并进行了理论分析。同时对不同组的非稳腔激光器进行了对比实验研究,结果表明非稳腔能够在保证高单脉冲能量的基础上极大地改善激光远场发散角,其中最佳腔镜组合能够达到单脉冲能量13.7J,其发散角为1mrad（稳腔为2.4mrad）,激光脉宽50ns（稳腔为98ns）。这就为此种类型激光器应用于激光制造领域奠定了基础。     

Measurement of spatial coherence of a copper vapour laser beam using a reversal shear interferometer

We measured the spatial coherernce of a copper vapour laser (CVL) beam with an unstable resonator by the reversal shear interferometer. By this method, we can evaluate the spatial coherence function from a single-shot measurement. The spatial coherence width was 5 mm when an unstable resonator with a magnification factor of 60 was used. Moreover we verified the result by the theoretical calculation on the basis of the passive resonator model.     

Estimation of output beam characteristics of laser with unstable resonator and turbulent active medium

In this paper we present calculations of the three-dimensional mode structure and output beam characteristics of unstable resonator with turbulent active medium. The calculations of the output beam are carried out in the Fresnel approximation using the well-known iterative method [1]. The active medium is modeled as a series of phase screens with Kolmogorov statistics. The dependence of output radiation parameters of the gas flow laser with unstable resonator on the strength of turbulence in active medium and parameters of resonator is under consideration.     

球面角锥棱镜非稳腔钕玻璃激光器

为了将虚共焦非稳腔输出光束质量高和角锥棱镜谐振腔具有免调试的优点结合到一起,提出了用球面角锥棱镜构成虚共焦非稳腔的方案。利用已有虚共焦非稳腔钕玻璃激光器,设计加工了一球面角锥棱镜非稳腔钕玻璃激光器。模拟计算了两谐振腔输出光束的模式分布,然后对两钕玻璃激光器进行了实验对比研究。结果表明:实验得到的模式分布与模拟计算结果相吻合,球面角锥棱镜非稳腔钕玻璃激光器与虚共焦非稳腔钕玻璃激光器分别获得了最大2 176.9 J和2 340.6 J的能量输出,二者的电光效率与束散基本相同,分别为4.3%,0.30 mrad和4.6%,0.26 mrad。     

由变反镜耦合输出的卡塞格林非稳腔激光技术研究

讨论了变反镜参数和由变反镜耦合输出的卡塞格林非稳腔参数的相互关系以及它们对激光光束特性的影响。在此理论基础上，设计了Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧＱ形状高功率高光束质量的激光系统，获得了脉冲能量为１．４ＪＥＭ００模，脉宽１０ｎｓ，重复频率１０ｐｐｓ，束散度达到衍射极限的１．１倍，其倍频效率及混频效率分别为６０％和３０％。     

Propagation in unstable and plane-mirror optical resonators

It is shown that propagation in an unstable resonator can be expressed in a form similar to that applicable to a plane-mirror resonator, but with the magnification appearing as a scaling parameter.     

球面角锥棱镜非稳腔钕玻璃激光器

为了将虚共焦非稳腔输出光束质量高和角锥棱镜谐振腔具有免调试的优点结合到一起,提出了用球面角锥棱镜构成虚共焦非稳腔的方案。利用已有虚共焦非稳腔钕玻璃激光器,设计加工了一球面角锥棱镜非稳腔钕玻璃激光器。模拟计算了两谐振腔输出光束的模式分布,然后对两钕玻璃激光器进行了实验对比研究。结果表明:实验得到的模式分布与模拟计算结果相吻合,球面角锥棱镜非稳腔钕玻璃激光器与虚共焦非稳腔钕玻璃激光器分别获得了最大2176.9J和2340.6J的能量输出,二者的电光效率与束散基本相同,分别为4.3%,0.30mrad和4.6%,0.26mrad。     

一种改进型圆形球面虚共焦非稳腔数值模拟研究

在分析具有均匀相位输出耦合器非稳腔优缺点的基础上,提出了一种改进型非稳腔。数值模拟结果表明这种非稳腔不仅克服了均匀相位输出耦合器非稳腔的缺点而且远场也有较好的聚焦能力。     

非稳腔中调腔孔对光束质量的影响

在中、远红外波段的激光器中，组成谐振腔的反射镜基底材料多数是对可见光不透明的，采用在腔镜上开一小孔输入调腔光方法是最简便的。本文用Ｆｏｘ－Ｌｉ迭代法计算了无开孔及有开孔时正支非稳共焦腔空腔的模式，结果表明当调腔光开孔直径小于３ｍｍ时，对光束质量基本没有影响。     

Numerical investigation of beam quality in unstable optical resonators and the effects of practical imperfections

Field characteristics and beam quality of confocal positive branch unstable resonator under some practical imperfections has been investigated. Based on Fresnel-Kirchhoff integral, the near and far field intensity of the resonator was calculated numerically. Using the second order moment method, the beam quality factor, M² of the resonator was also calculated. Variety of practical distorting affects, mainly misalignment, off-axis, and thermal deflection of the mirrors, as well as gain non-uniformity were considered in these calculations. The results show that the beam quality factor is more sensitive to the off-axis and misalignment distortions while the non-uniform gain has significant effect only for unusual conditions. The effects of geometrical parameters, i.e. Fresnel number as well as magnification factor on the beam quality were also investigated.     

90°束转动环形非稳腔模场数值分析

用矩阵方法导出了ＵＲ９０（ｕｎｓｔａｂｌｅｒｉｎｇｒｅｓｏｎａｔｏｒｗｉｔｈ９００１６７ｂｅａｍｒｏｔａｔｉｏｎ）环形非稳腔的衍射积分方程，获得了腔的等价菲涅耳数Ｎｅｑ的关系公式，分析了反向模的抑制方法并给出反向模抑制镜的曲率半径，通过数值计算的方法阐明了腔模本征值与放大因子Ｍ的变化关系，当腔的放大因子Ｍ＝１．２时，得到了腔的模场分布曲线。     

Investigation of beam characteristics in toric unstable optical resonator

In this paper the characteristics of the output beam of a toric unstable resonator are investigated. Based on the Fresnel–Kirchhof integral and using numerical methods, the performance of toric unstable resonators is simulated and its output beam characteristics are also evaluated. Geometrical resonator parameters, i.e. Fresnel number and magnification as well as the output coupler diameter, are considered in this investigation. The radial and azimuthal modes of the resonator are calculated and the modal behavior of the resonator is described according to geometrical parameters. The power extraction for each specific laser mode has also been inspected by calculating the finesse factor. Using an iteration mode convergence diagram, the mode discrimination of the resonator is investigated.