On pro-p analogues of limit groups via extensions of centralizers

We begin a study of a pro-p analogue of limit groups via extensions of centralizers and call ${\mathcal{L}}$ this new class of pro-p groups. We show that the pro-p groups of ${\mathcal{L}}$ have finite cohomological dimension, type FP _?? and non-positive Euler characteristic. Among the group theoretic properties it is proved that they are free-by-(torsion free nilpotent) and if non-abelian do not have a finitely generated non-trivial normal subgroup of infinite index. Furthermore it is shown that every 2 generated pro-p group in the class ${\mathcal{L}}$ is either free pro-p or abelian.     

Characterization of some derivations on von Neumann algebras via left centralizers

Let \(\mathfrak {M}\) be a von Neumann algebra, and let \(\mathfrak {T}:\mathfrak {M} \rightarrow \mathfrak {M}\) be a bounded linear map satisfying \(\mathfrak {T}(P^{2}) = \mathfrak {T}(P)P + \Psi (P,P)\) for each projection P of \(\mathfrak {M}\), where \(\Psi :\mathfrak {M} \times \mathfrak {M} \rightarrow \mathfrak {M}\) is a bi-linear map. If \(\Psi \) is a bounded l-semi Hochschild 2-cocycle, then \(\mathfrak {T}\) is a left centralizer associated with \(\Psi \). By applying this conclusion, we offer a characterization of left \(\sigma \)-centralizers, generalized derivations and generalized \(\sigma \)-derivations on von Neumann algebras. Moreover, it is proved that if \(\mathfrak {M}\) is a commutative von Neumann algebra and \(\sigma :\mathfrak {M} \rightarrow \mathfrak {M}\) is an endomorphism, then every bi-\(\sigma \)-derivation \(D:\mathfrak {M} \times \mathfrak {M} \rightarrow \mathfrak {M}\) is identically zero.     

Semiprime Goldie centralizers

LetG be a finite group of automorphisms acting on a ringR, andR ^G={fixed points ofG}. We show that under certain conditions onR andG, whenR ^Gis semiprime Goldie then so isR. In particular, ifa∈R is invertible anda ⁿ∈Z(R), thenR ^G,withG generated by the inner automorphism determined bya, is the centralizer ofa—C _R(a). The above result withR ^Greplaced byC _R(a) is shown without the assumption thata is invertible.     

Nonlinear centralizers in homology

It is shown that every nonlinear centralizer from $L_p$ to $L_q$ is trivial unless $q=p$ . This means that if $q\ne p$ , the only exact sequence of quasi-Banach $L_\infty $ -modules and homomorphisms $0\rightarrow L_q\rightarrow Z\rightarrow L_p\rightarrow 0$ is the trivial one where $Z=L_q\oplus L_p$ . From this it follows that the space of centralizers on $L_p$ is essentially independent on $p\in (0,\infty )$ , which confirms a conjecture by Kalton.     

Homogeneous monomial groups and centralizers

The construction of homogeneous monomial groups are given and their basic properties are studied. The structure of a centralizer of an element is completely described and the problem of conjugacy of two elements is resolved. Moreover, the classification of homogeneous monomial groups are determined by using the lattice of Steinitz numbers, namely, we prove the following: Let λ and μ be two Steinitz numbers. The homogeneous monomial groups Σ_λ(H) and Σ_μ(G) are isomorphic if and only if λ = μ and H?G provided that the splittings of Σ_λ(H) and Σ_μ(G) are regular.     

Reflection centralizers in Coxeter groups

We refine Brink’s theorem, that the non-reflection part of a reflection centralizer in a Coxeter group W is a free group. We give an explicit set of generators for the centralizer, which is finitely generated when W is. And we give a method for computing the Coxeter diagram for its reflection subgroup. In many cases, our method allows one to compute centralizers in one’s head.     

On centralizers of reflexive algebras

Let ${\mathcal{L}}$ be a subspace lattice on a complex Banach space X and δ be a linear mapping from ${alg\mathcal{L}}$ into B(X) such that for every ${A \in alg\mathcal{L}, 2\delta(A^2)=\delta(A)A + A\delta(A)}$ or ${\delta(A^3) = A\delta(A)A}$ . We show that if one of the following holds (1) ${\vee\{L : L \in \mathcal{J}(\mathcal{L})\}=X}$ , (2) ${\wedge\{L_-: L \in \mathcal{J}(\mathcal{L})\}=(0)}$ and X is reflexive, then δ is a centralizer. We also show that if ${\mathcal{L}}$ is a CSL and δ is a linear mapping from ${alg\mathcal{L}}$ into itself, then δ is a centralizer.     

On strictly singular nonlinear centralizers

We show that _c0$c_0$ is the only Banach space with unconditional basis that satisfies the equation Ext(X,X)=0$Ext(X,X)=0$. This partially improves an old result by Kalton and Peck. We prove that the Kalton–Peck maps are strictly singular on a number of sequence spaces, including _?p${?}_p$ for 0<p<∞$0<p<\infty$, Tsirelson and Schlumprecht spaces and their duals, as well as certain super-reflexive variations of these spaces. In the last section, we give estimates of the projection constants of certain finite-dimensional twisted sums of Kalton–Peck type.     

Regular centralizers of idempotent transformations

Denote by T(X) the semigroup of full transformations on a set X. For ε∈T(X), the centralizer of ε is a subsemigroup of T(X) defined by C(ε)={α∈T(X):αε=εα}. It is well known that C(id _X )=T(X) is a regular semigroup. By a theorem proved by J.M. Howie in 1966, we know that if X is finite, then the subsemigroup generated by the idempotents of C(id _X ) contains all non-invertible transformations in C(id _X ).     

Trivial centralizers for codimension-one attractors

We show that if is a codimension-one hyperbolic attractor fora C^r diffeomorphism f, where 2 r , and f is not Anosov, thenthere is a neighborhood of f in Diff^r(M) and an open and denseset of such that any g has a trivial centralizer on thebasin of attraction for .     

Solvable groups contain large centralizers

It is proved that every nonabelian solvable group contains a noncentral element whose centralizer has order exceeding its index. Research partially supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation.     

Lie algebras with few centralizers

We will characterize all finite dimensional Lie algebras with at most |F|²+|F|+2 centralizers, where F is the underlying field of Lie algebras under consideration.