H大孔吸附树脂的磺化反应

本文以H大孔吸附树脂为母体,进行磺化反应,制得新型大孔强酸离子交换树脂,通过对这类树脂的交换量和物理结构的测定,研究了在H树脂上进行磺化反应的影响因素,同时也得到了这类强酸离子交换树脂的一些物化性能参数,为其应用提供了一定的参考数据。     

油樟叶多糖的大孔树脂纯化工艺研究

为研究大孔树脂纯化油樟叶多糖的最佳工艺,以脱色率、多糖保留率和蛋白质脱除率的加权综合评分为指标,首先通过静态及动态实验考察8种不同型号大孔树脂的纯化效果,优选出效果较好的树脂,再通过单因素和正交试验优化油樟叶多糖的纯化工艺参数。研究结果表明,AB-8型大孔树脂对油樟叶多糖有良好的综合纯化效果,其最佳纯化工艺参数为：油樟叶多糖的上样浓度为0.3mg/mL,洗脱剂为40%乙醇,洗脱剂流速为1.0mL/min,洗脱剂体积为2.2BV;在此工艺下纯化,油樟叶多糖保留率为86.35%,脱色率为73.03%,蛋白质去除率达81.18%。AB-8型大孔树脂对油樟叶多糖的纯化工艺稳定可靠、效果良好,为油樟叶多糖的开发利用提供了参考。     

大孔吸附树脂的吸附机理

大孔吸附树脂(macroprous adsorption resin, MAR)是近几十年发展起来的一种具有多孔立体结构、人工合成的有机高分子聚合物。由于其特殊的理化性质和吸附性能,已被广泛应用于化学、医药、环保和食品等领域。本文介绍了近年来国内外对大孔吸附树脂在吸附机理研究方面的进展,重点介绍了不同温度条件下大孔吸附树脂对靶标分子的吸附热力学行为模式,靶标分子在大孔吸附树脂表面及孔内的吸附扩散行为模式。此外,大孔吸附树脂性能参数和靶标分子结构参数之间构效关系也对其吸附选择性规律具有重要的影响。因此,大孔吸附树脂与底物间构效关系的匹配程度及其对选择性的影响是大孔吸附树脂分离理论研究的核心。本文最后介绍了可以准确客观描述吸附过程并具有一定使用范围的大孔吸附树脂吸附模型的建立和评价。     

大孔交联聚苯乙烯分形结构的图像分析法研究

采用图像分析法测定大孔交联聚苯乙烯树脂的 现大孔交联聚苯乙烯的外表面具有分形结构,分形维数在２和３之间,将图像分析法测定的分形维数与小角Ｘ－射线散射法测得的结果对照。发现两种方法测定结果虽然不同,但在不同树脂之间的变化趋势是一致的,因此,可用图像分析法比较不同大孔树脂分形结构的差别。     

鞋底材料的傅立叶变换红外光谱类型分析

利用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术对收集的29种皮鞋类黑色鞋底样品进行了测定分析,其中24种样品来自不同品牌或型号,5种样品来自同一品牌同一厂家同一批次.从红外光谱图中可以看出,依据红外光谱图中特征峰的峰数、峰位、峰形可将29个鞋底样品分为3大类.同一大类的部分鞋底样品有着相似的红外光谱特征,但在相对峰高比和指纹区中一些弱吸收峰上仍然存在明显差异.同一品牌同一厂家同一批次的鞋底样品红外光谱特征基本一致.这表明傅立叶变换红外光谱法是鉴别鞋底材料的有效方法,可以为案件现场遗留的各种鞋底材料残渣及其擦痕提供种属鉴别及比对分析.     

3种树脂对水溶液中单宁吸附性能的比较研究

通过静态吸附实验,研究了大孔吸附树脂NG-8、胺基化大孔吸附树脂NG-9和胺基化超高交联大孔吸附树脂NDA-99对水溶液中单宁的吸附行为特性.结果表明,3种树脂对单宁的吸附均符合Langmuir等温吸附方程,树脂对单宁的吸附容量NG-9＞NG-8＞NDA-99;吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,吸附速率常数NG-8＞NG-9＞NDA-99.树脂的孔结构与表面化学性质是影响树脂吸附性能的重要因素.     

大孔树脂对磺酸类化合物吸附行为的研究

用4种大孔树脂ND-022，ND-900，NDA-99和NDA-100作为吸附剂，分别对水溶液中甲基磺酸钠、苯磺酸钠、对甲基苯磺酸钠和2-萘磺酸钠等磺酸盐进行吸附．探讨了溶液的初始pH值对不同类型树脂吸附磺酸类物质的影响，并通过动态吸附实验研究了SO4^2-对树脂吸附磺酸盐的影响．实验结果表明，复合功能树脂NDA-99对磺酸类化合物具有良好的吸附性能，且其选择性优于弱碱树脂ND-900，这为进一步研究大孔树脂对磺酸类物质的吸附机理和实际工业应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

人参茎叶中人参皂甙的树脂脱色研究

选择了8种不同类型的脱色树脂,通过比较脱色液中色素脱色率的差异和脱色后人参皂甙纯度、收率的不同,筛选出较优的人参皂甙脱色树脂,并研究了其动态脱色实验和动态脱色曲线。实验结果表明,人参皂甙脱色母液经LX-TS4大孔强碱型阴离子交换树脂进行脱色,其脱色率达到85%以上,人参皂甙纯度达到80%以上。静态、动态的脱色实验表明,LX-TS4大孔强碱型阴离子交换树脂可作为人参茎叶中人参皂甙较为理想的脱色材料。     

国外离子交换树脂发展概况

离子交换树脂是一种用途很广的功能高分子材料。自1935年酚醛系离子交换树脂问世以来,已有半个世纪的历史。在此期间,离子交换树脂及其应用技术得到迅速发展。四十年代末,苯乙烯系离子交换树脂开始商品生产;五十年代丙烯酸系树脂在市场上出现;六十年代大孔离子交换树脂及大孔吸附树脂迅速发展;七十年代以来,特种树脂不断涌现,目前国际市场上已有百余种不同品种牌号的树脂。     

树脂吸附法分离纯化桑叶总黄酮(I)H103树脂对桑叶水提液中总黄酮的吸附性能

采用大孔吸附树脂法从桑叶水提液中分离黄酮类化合物.通过比较10种大孔吸附树脂对桑叶水提液中总黄酮的吸附特性及机理,发现H103树脂对桑叶总黄酮吸附量大.洗脱容易、吸附速度快,是一种良好的桑叶总黄酮吸附刑.实验表明,H103树脂吸附桑叶黄酮的适宜上样浓度为6.05mg/mL,吸附动力学符合Bangham模型,吸附过程符合内扩散模型.     

大孔树脂精制6种含黄连复方水提液体系的吸附动力学比较研究

研究含黄连的不同复方水提液体系经大孔吸附树脂精制后,黄连中主要指标性成分生物碱的变化,阐明不同复方组合-配伍对药方中组成药味指标性成分的影响,为大孔树脂精制技术在中药复方中的应用提供实验依据.选用黄连用量和复方总用量均相同,组方药味不同的复方1～6.通过考察5种树脂AB-8、S-8、X-5、NKA-II、NKA-9对黄连中盐酸小檗碱的静态吸附率,确定AB-8树脂作为复方1～6吸附动力学比较研究的树脂;通过比较复方1～6水提液体系在相同树脂环境下的静态吸附过程,考察6种不同复方组成药味对复方中指标性成分分离纯化的影响.实验结果表明,由于体系本身溶液环境的差异,复方1～6各指标性成分达到吸附平衡的时问均有差异.AB～8树脂对复方1～6水提液体系的静态吸附在开始阶段吸附量的增加比较明显,在40min后,由于吸附竞争点饱和的原因,吸附量的增加均比较平稳;黄连与不同药材配伍时,虽然配伍药材所含的化合物类型差异较大,但黄连中生物碱类成分均可以在树脂上被选择性吸附,可知在复方水提液复杂体系中可以选择性地分离纯化生物碱类有效成分.     

大孔吸附树脂富集板蓝根中(R,S)-告依春工艺研究

采用静态吸附法考察了D101、AB-8、NKA-2、NKA-9、HPD 100、HPD600等6种大孔吸附树脂对(R,S)-告依春的吸附及解吸性能,筛选出效果最佳的AB-8树脂,并对其进行动态考察.最佳富集条件为:上样液pH 6,生药质量-体积浓度为0.200g/mL,解吸液为2BV量70％乙醇,在优化条件下(R,S)-告依春在浸膏中含量可从0.76％提高到12.48％.结果表明,AB-8型大孔吸附树脂可用来从板蓝根水提取液中富集(R,S)-告依春.     

Sorption of proton and heavy metal ions on a macroporous chelating resin with an iminodiacetate active group as a function of temperature

A macroporous resin containing iminodiacetic groups (Lewatit) was investigated for its sorption properties towards proton and nickel(II) and cadmium(II). Different compositions of the aqueous phase, and different temperatures were examined. The stoichiometry, the exchange coefficients and the intrinsic constants of the sorption equilibria were obtained from the experimental data by using the Gibbs-Donnan model for the ion exchange resin. The intrinsic constants were found to be independent of the composition of the solution, so that they were used for characterizing the sorption equilibria. While the first intrinsic protonation constant of the active groups in the resin was found to depend on the temperature, the second one was independent. The sorption equilibrium of nickel in the resin was different from that of cadmium, being ascribable respectively to the formation of the complexes NiL and Cd(HL)(2). inside the resin. Their intrinsic complexation constants were found to be 10(-1.84) and 10(-3.64) at 25 degrees C. Compared to those of another resin with the same active groups, but not macroporous, they are higher. The dependence of the intrinsic constant on the temperature was also different for the two metals, allowing to evaluate a DeltaH degrees of +30.9 and of +13.7 kJ mol(-1) respectively. When a comparison is possible, these values are near to those in aqueous solution for the complexation with ligands of similar structure. These results can be used to achieve metal ion separation based on temperature variations.     

大孔吸附树脂分离纯化荔枝核黄酮类化合物的研究

比较了D101、D3520、NKAII、AB-8、X-5、HPD-100、HPD-300、HPD-600等8种大孔吸附树脂对荔枝核中抗乙肝活性成分黄酮类化合物的吸附及解吸性能,筛选出效果较好的HPD-300树脂进行分离纯化实验研究。实验表明,HPD-300树脂能够有效地吸附和解吸荔枝核黄酮类化合物,并确定了最佳的吸附和解吸工艺参数。采用最佳的工艺条件分离纯化荔枝核黄酮类化合物,黄酮类化合物的含量由31%提高到82%。     

Synthesis of reusable macroporous St/BMA copolymer resin and its absorbency to organic solvent and oil

In this paper, a reusable macroporous high oil absorption resin for oil spills was synthesized successfully by suspension copolymerization with styrene and butyl methacrylate as monomers. In the process of suspension copolymerization, a porogenic agent was introduced into the reaction system. Structure and surface morphology of the macroporous resin were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, effects of different reaction factors on density and particle size of macroporous resins and effects of various factors on the oil absorbency of macroporous resins were discussed. Furthermore, oil absorption kinetics and repeatability of resin and the absorbency of the macroporous resin in various oils were also studied. Compared with the resin without macroporous structure, the maximum oil absorbency of the macroporous resin to the carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) was 28.28 g/g, which increased by 61.42%. Meanwhile, the saturated oil absorption time of resin also decreased significantly from 7.5 to 2 hr. The macroporous high oil absorption resin presents predominant performance of reuse and regeneration. Moreover, the macroporous resin had certain absorbency (8.7 g/g) to crude oil, which makes it useful for marine oil spill. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Ion-exchange resins in non-aqueous solvents-III Solvent-uptake properties of ion-exchange resins and related adsorbents

Solvent-uptake properties for several synthetic resins and common adsorbents were determined by the centrifugation method. Data are reported for eighteen different solvents, which include water and the common polar and non-polar organic solvents. The cation-exchange resins are of two varieties: the microreticular or gel type and the macroreticular or porous type. The latter resin being rigid and porous takes up all types of solvents, whereas the former resin, which relies on swelling of the resin matrix, does not take up the nonpolar solvents. Data for the H(+) form and Na(+) form macroreticular resin are compared. Unsulphonated polystyrene-divinylbenzene polymers which possess similar micro- and macroreticular properties to the cation-exchange resins were also studied in the same solvents. The swelling properties of these non-polar resins are compared with each other and with the polar cation resins. Other adsorbents, which are frequently used as supports in chromatography were also examined in the same solvents. Several of these have large average pore diameters and surface areas like the macroreticular resin.     

一种基于R语言的大孔吸附树脂预测模型的构建

针对精准筛选高选择性分离中药多糖的大孔吸附树脂时间冗长、操作繁琐的现状,该文构建了一种快速筛选大孔吸附树脂的预测模型.采用R语言建立大孔吸附树脂参数、葡聚糖分子量与吸附量之间的多源信息模型,利用多源信息模型快速预测和筛选对中药多糖具有最佳吸附效果的大孔吸附树脂类型.所建多源信息模型的相关系数(r2)为0.901 2,P...     

Extraction of humic substances from fresh waters on solid-phase cartridges and their study by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

Humic substances (HS) have been extracted from fresh waters on macroporous adsorbents of different types, Amberlite XAD-8 resin and Bond Elute PPL solid-phase cartridge. Comparative analysis of the extracted samples by ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry demonstrated selectivity of the selected adsorbents to the components of the molecular assembly of HS: the XAD-8 resin has affinity to the higher oxidized aromatic compounds and PPL has affinity to substances of stronger aliphatic character and nitrogen-containing compounds. Because of this fact, a comparison of the molecular composition of HS isolated from various sources must be performed taking into account selective adsorption; therefore, it is necessary to compare the products extracted by the same adsorbent for correct interpretation.     

以HPD-750大孔树脂为载体材料固定化果胶酶

HPD-750树脂是中极性大孔吸附树脂,生物相容性好,机械性能稳定,具有较大的比表面积,可用于固定化酶载体材料。本文以HPD-750大孔树脂为载体固定化果胶酶,研究各因素对固定化酶的影响,并采用正交试验对固定化条件进行优化。结果表明,当pH为4.0、固定化温度为45℃、固定化时间为4h、加酶量为0.16g/mL时,固定化酶活力可达5146U/mg。以HPD-750大孔树脂为载体材料制备的固定化酶相较于游离酶具有更好的酸碱稳定性和热稳定性。在循环使用10次后,酶活力依然保留80%以上;4℃储藏25d之后,其酶活力仍保留60%以上。与D311大孔树脂、聚丙烯酰胺和海藻酸钠微球制备的固定化酶相比,HPD-750大孔树脂固定化酶的活性、操作稳定性、机械稳定性和储存稳定性都较好。该结果说明,HPD-750大孔树脂可作为固定化酶较好的载体材料。     

中药复方溶液环境对黄连生物碱大孔树脂吸附的动力学比较研究

研究含黄连的不同中药复方水提液溶液环境对大孔树脂吸附率的影响,为大孔树脂在中药生产中的优选和在中药复方精制分离技术中的推广应用提供实验依据。采用pH、电导率、盐度、浊度、黏度5项物理化学指标性参数表征6种复方水提液体系,通过比较黄连生物碱于不同溶液环境中对相同AB-8树脂的吸附动力学变化,考察溶液环境对复方中指标性成分分离纯化的影响。实验结果表明,黄连在不同中药复方配伍中,虽然溶液环境差异较大,但黄连中生物碱类成分均可以在树脂上被选择性吸附,复方1~6指标性生物碱成分达到吸附平衡的时间均有差异;复方2的电导率和盐度较大,生物碱与大孔树脂的吸附作用显著降低,复方6的电导率小而黏度较大,生物碱达到吸附平衡的时间较其他复方长,吸附作用大于复方2而较其他复方较小。上述研究结果表明,复方水溶液的电导率、盐度为影响生物碱在大孔树脂选择性吸附的主要因素,黏度影响生物碱达到吸附平衡的时间。