共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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合成了具有较大空间位阻的碳-碳键型引发剂23-二氰基-23-二苯基丁二酸二异丁酯,测定了其分子结构,其中心碳-碳键长达0.1592nm.对其引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯进行自由基聚合的研究结果表明,聚合物分子量随反应时间的延长而逐步增大,而聚合物分子量分布则逐渐变小.聚合反应按照自由基“活性”聚合反应历程进行. 相似文献
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2,3-二氰基-2,3-二(对-硝基苯基)丁二酸二乙酯的分子结构和晶体结构 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
我们曾报导了2,3-二氰基-2,3-二苯基丁二酸二乙酯的分子结构,并对该化合物对烯烃单体进行自由基聚合的引发作用,热分解动力学和固态变温ESR谱等进行了研究。为了进一步探讨这类新型引发剂的结构与性能间的关系,我们继续用X射线衍射方法研究了2,3-二氰基-2,3-二(对-硝基苯基)丁二酸二乙酯的两种异构体1和2的分子结构和晶体结构。并讨论了分子中空间立体效应和电子效应对该化合物稳定性的影响。实验异构体1从乙酸乙酯和四氯化碳(9∶1,V/V)混合溶剂中重结晶,在空气中基本稳定。 相似文献
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合成了2种含有二硫吡啶结构的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)引发剂,ATRP引发剂结构采用核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)表征.结果显示,二硫吡啶结构被成功引入引发剂结构末端或链中间.利用2种ATRP引发剂分别制备了链末端功能化和链中间功能化的聚N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺(pDEAAm).采用1H-NMR和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对聚合物结构和分子量进行了表征.1H-NMR结果显示,二硫吡啶基团被引入聚合物链末端或中间.GPC结果表明,末端功能化和中间功能化的聚N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺(pDEAAm)分子量分布指数分别为1.21和1.23,实现了分子量的可控聚合.并且,具有2个引发位点的引发剂引发单体得到聚合物的分子量较大.采用紫外-可见分光光度法研究了聚合物在溶液中的温度响应性.紫外-可见分光光度法结果说明,pDEAAm溶液在28°C发生相分离,在溶液中表现出温度响应性,且最低临界溶解温度(LCST)为28°C.在末端功能化和中间功能化温敏型pDEAAm可用于嵌段共聚物的合成以及与生物大分子的定位结合.特别对于中间功能化的pDEAAm,有望用于星型聚合物和多臂聚合物的设计和制备. 相似文献
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以过氧化新癸酸α-异丙苯酯(Lup188)作为引发剂,聚乙烯醇(PVA)和羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)作为复合分散剂,加入N-叔丁基-α-苯基硝酸酮(PBN)用氮氧自由基在40~70℃下调控氯乙烯(VC)悬浮聚合.PBN能有效控制聚氯乙烯链增长,聚合后期无自加速现象,体现出可控/"活性"自由基聚合的特点.用重量法测定转化率、GPC测定聚合物分子量与分布,研究了引发剂用量、PBN用量以及聚合温度对聚合动力学和聚合物分子量及分布的影响.得到该聚合体系下VC、Lup188、PBN的最佳摩尔配比为10000∶7∶1,最佳聚合温度为50℃,将转化率控制在50%以下时,能得到较窄分子量分布的聚氯乙烯产物. 相似文献
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Ethyl 2,3-dicyanoacrylate was prepared from ethyl 2,3-dicyanopropionate. High molecular weight, 1:1 alternating copolymers of styrene with tricyanoethylene and ethyl 2,3-dicyanoacrylate were prepared by bulk polymerization with the use of free-radical initiators. Solution polymerization of styrene with ethyl 2,3-dicyanoacrylate in acetonitrile gave the highest molecular weight copolymer (ηinh = 0.74). The copolymers showed unusual thermal properties, i.e., an initial break that was 50–75°C lower than that of polystyrene followed by the formation of an intermediate product that was fairly stable to approximately 500°C. 相似文献
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Zheng Hua WANG Zhao Long LI* Xiao Yin HONG Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 《中国化学快报》2001,(12)
Controlled free radical polymerization (CFRP) is an effective means to synthesize polymers of predetermined molecular weight, narrow molecule weight distribution and well-defined architecture. One of the most important milestones in the development of CFRP was the discovery of the iniferter (initiation-transfer-termination) reactions1. Iniferter avoi- ds ordinary bimolecular termination and undergoes initiation, chain tran- sfer to the initiator, and primary radical termination, so it may… 相似文献
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Jun LING Yi Feng ZHANG* Zhi Quan SHEN Institute of Polymer Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou 《中国化学快报》2001,(1)
Aliphatic polycarbonate is a series of useful biodegradable materials attracting more interests recently. Poly(2,2-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate) (polyDTC) has been studied for a long time. Polymerization of DTC can be catalyzed by alkyl metals1, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and its esters2, alcohol/methylaluminum diphenolate system3 and etc. Herein tris(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxo) lanthanides (Ln(OAr)3, Ln=La, Nd) are firstly applied to initiate the polymerization of DTC. Ln(O… 相似文献
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本体溶液法合成超高分子量聚苯乙烯 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对2,3-二氰基-2,3-二苯基丁二酸二乙酯引发苯乙烯本体溶液聚合,合成超高分子量聚苯乙烯的宏观动力学进行了研究。结果表明,这种引发剂在苯乙烯中引发聚合性能温和,在一定条件下,随反应时间的增长,聚合产物的分子量不断增高,可形成超高分子量聚合物。 相似文献
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环状三过氧烷引发剂热分解和引发苯乙烯聚合 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用气相色谱质谱联用仪 (GC MS) ,分析新型环状三过氧基团引发剂 (3,6 ,9 triethyl 3,6 ,9 trimethyl 1,4 ,7 triperoxonane ,简称TETMTPA)在乙苯和苯中的分解产物 .根据产物的分子结构 ,提出了涉及氧氧、碳碳和碳氧断键的分解机理 ;考察该引发剂引发苯乙烯本体聚合的速率和分子量 ,并与单过氧基团的过氧化二特丁基引发和热引发进行比较 ,发现用TETMTPA可以使分子量增加 ,对形成高分子量聚苯乙烯的原因作了解释 ;通过差示扫描量热仪 (DSC)和核磁共振仪 (NMR)聚合产物进行分析 ,验证了所提出的TETMTPA引发机理 相似文献
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Shu-Hui Qin Kun-Yuan Qiu Graham Swift David G. Westmoreland Shuguang Wu 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1999,37(24):4610-4615
The bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) initiated with diethyl 2,3-dicyano-2,3-diphenylsuccinate (DCDPS) was studied. This polymerization showed some “living” characteristics; that is, both the yield and the molecular weight of the resulting polymers increased with reaction time, and the resultant polymer can be extended by adding MMA. The molecular weight distribution of PMMA obtained at high conversion is fairly narrow (Mw/Mn = 1.24≈1.34). It was confirmed that DCDPS can serve as a thermal iniferter for MMA polymerization by a “living” radical mechanism. Furthermore, the PMMA obtained can act as a macroinitiator for radical polymerization of styrene (St) to give a block copolymer. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 4610–4615, 1999 相似文献
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The γ-ray initiated polymerization of 4-methyl-1-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, and 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene has been studied under conditions of extreme dryness. Only low yields of oily low molecular weight polymers were obtained. It is suggested that the low propagation rate constants are responsible for the results obtained. 相似文献
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Benchmarking of ruthenium initiators for the ROMP of a norbornenedicarboxylic acid ester 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sandra Demel Wolfgang Schoefberger Christian Slugovc Franz Stelzer 《Journal of molecular catalysis. A, Chemical》2003,200(1-2):11-19
The kinetic study of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a diester functionalised norbornene derivative, (±)-exo,endo-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester, with a series of ruthenium benzylidene complexes revealed the applicability of these initiators for well defined polymerization reactions. Values for the rate of initiation as well as the rate of propagation of the initiators were determined and correlated to the molecular weight and polydispersity of the isolated polymers. As the only initiator providing an entry to virtually monodisperse polymers the classical “first generation Grubbs-catalyst” was identified, while N-heterocyclic carbene based initiators polymerized with a rate of propagation much higher than the rate of initiation yielding polymers with a broader molecular weight distribution. 相似文献