Boolean Topological Distributive Lattices and Canonical Extensions

This paper presents a unified account of a number of dual category equivalences of relevance to the theory of canonical extensions of distributive lattices. Each of the categories involved is generated by an object having a two-element underlying set; additional structure may be algebraic (lattice or complete lattice operations) or relational (order) and, in either case, topology may or may not be included. Among the dualities considered is that due to B. Banaschewski between the categories of Boolean topological bounded distributive lattices and the category of ordered sets. By combining these dualities we obtain new insights into canonical extensions of distributive lattices. The second author was supported by Slovak grants VEGA 1/3026/06 and APVV-51-009605.     

幂等扩张的有界分配格

考察了扩张的有界分配格类eD即带有自同态k的有界分配格,研究了具有幂等性的eD-代数的表示、同余关系以及次直不可约性,证明了这样的代数类有5个互不同构的次直不可约的幂等扩张的有界分配格。     

A duality theory for bilattices

Recent studies of the algebraic properties of bilattices have provided insight into their internal strucutres, and have led to practical results, especially in reducing the computational complexity of bilattice-based multi-valued logic programs. In this paper the representation theorem for interlaced bilattices without negation found in [19] and extended to arbitrary interlaced bilattices without negation in [2] is presented. A natural equivalence is then established between the category of interlaced bilattices and the cartesian square of the category of bounded lattices. As a consequence a dual natural equivalence is obtained between the category of distributive bilattices and the coproduct of the category of bounded Priestley spaces with itself. Some applications of these equivalences are given. The subdirectly irreducible interlaced bilattices are characterized in terms of subdirectly irreducible lattices. A known characterization of the join-irreducible elements of the "knowledge" lattice of an interlaced bilattice is used to establish a natural equivalence between the category of finite, distributive bilattices and the category of posets of the form . Received February 2, 1998; accepted in final form September 2, 1999.     

幂等扩张的分配格的同余可换性

本文研究了幂等扩张的有界分配格的同余可换性问题.利用幂等扩张的有界分配格的对偶理论,得到了同余可换的幂等扩张的有界分配格的一个充分必要条件,推广了Davey和Priestley关于有界分配格的一些结果.     

Remarks on affine complete distributive lattices

We characterise the Priestley spaces corresponding to affine complete bounded distributive lattices. Moreover we prove that the class of affine complete bounded distributive lattices is closed under products and free products. We show that every (not necessarily bounded) distributive lattice can be embedded in an affine complete one and that ℚ ∩ [0, 1] is initial in the class of affine complete lattices.     

Generalized Priestley Quasi-Orders

We introduce generalized Priestley quasi-orders and show that subalgebras of bounded distributive meet-semilattices are dually characterized by means of generalized Priestley quasi-orders. This generalizes the well-known characterization of subalgebras of bounded distributive lattices by means of Priestley quasi-orders (Adams, Algebra Univers 3:216–228, 1973; Cignoli et al., Order 8(3):299–315, 1991; Schmid, Order 19(1):11–34, 2002). We also introduce Vietoris families and prove that homomorphic images of bounded distributive meet-semilattices are dually characterized by Vietoris families. We show that this generalizes the well-known characterization (Priestley, Proc Lond Math Soc 24(3):507–530, 1972) of homomorphic images of a bounded distributive lattice by means of closed subsets of its Priestley space. We also show how to modify the notions of generalized Priestley quasi-order and Vietoris family to obtain the dual characterizations of subalgebras and homomorphic images of bounded implicative semilattices, which generalize the well-known dual characterizations of subalgebras and homomorphic images of Heyting algebras (Esakia, Sov Math Dokl 15:147–151, 1974).     

Computational complexity for bounded distributive lattices with negation

We study the computational complexity of the universal and quasi-equational theories of classes of bounded distributive lattices with a negation operation, i.e., a unary operation satisfying a subset of the properties of the Boolean negation. The upper bounds are obtained through the use of partial algebras. The lower bounds are either inherited from the equational theory of bounded distributive lattices or obtained through a reduction of a global satisfiability problem for a suitable system of propositional modal logic.     

On the varieties of ai-semirings satisfying $${x^{3}\approx x}$$

The aim of this paper is to study the varieties of ai-semirings satisfying \({x^{3}\approx x}\) . It is shown that the collection of all such varieties forms a distributive lattice of order 179. Also, all of them are finitely based and finitely generated. This generalizes and extends the main results obtained by Ghosh et al., Pastijn and Ren and Zhao.     

A reduction of the slicing problem to finite volume ratio bodies

Here we discuss results around the slicing problem, which is a well known open problem in asymptotic convex geometry. We show that if one can prove that the isotropic constant of bodies with a finite volume ratio is uniformly bounded – then it would follow that the isotropic constant of any convex body is uniformly bounded. To cite this article: J. Bourgain et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 336 (2003).     

The numerical range of positive operators on Hilbert lattices

We show symmetry properties of the numerical range of positive operators on Hilbert lattices. These results generalise the respective properties for positive matrices shown in Li et al. (Linear Algebra Appl 350:1–23, 2002) and Maroulas et al. (Linear Algebra Appl 348:49–62, 2002). Similar assertions are also valid for the block numerical range of positive operators.     

Unicity of the Integrated Density of States for Relativistic Schrödinger Operators with Regular Magnetic Fields and Singular Electric Potentials

We show coincidence of the two definitions of the integrated density of states (IDS) for a class of relativistic Schrödinger operators with magnetic fields and scalar potentials introduced in Iftimie et al. (Publ Res Inst Math Sci 43(3):585–623, 2007; Topics in applied mathematics and mathematical physics, Editura Academiei Române, 2008), the first one relying on the eigenvalue counting function of operators induced on open bounded sets with Dirichlet boundary conditions, the other one involving the spectral projections of the operator defined on the entire space. In this way one generalizes the results of Doi et al. (Math Z 237:335–371, 2001) and Iftimie (Publ Res Inst Math Sci 41(2):307–327, 2005) for non-relativistic operators. The proofs needs the magnetic pseudodifferential calculus developed in Iftimie et al. (Publ Res Inst Math Sci 43(3):585–623, 2007), as well as a Feynman-Kac-Itô formula for Lévy processes (Ichinose and Tamura, Commun Math Phys 105(2):239–257, 1986; Iftimie et al. Topics in applied mathematics and mathematical physics, Editura Academiei Române, 2008). In addition, in case when both the magnetic field and the scalar potential are periodic, one also proves the existence of the IDS.     

Z-Join Spectra of Z-Supercompactly Generated Lattices

The main result of this paper is a generalization of the classical equivalence between the category of continuous posets and the category of completely distributive lattices, based on the fact that the continuous posets are precisely the spectra of completely distributive lattices. Here we show that for so-called hereditary and union complete subset selections Z, the category of Z-continuous posets is equivalent (via a suitable spectrum functor) to the category of Z-supercompactly generated lattices; these are completely distributive lattices with a join-dense subset of certain Z-hypercompact elements. By appropriate change of the morphisms, these equivalences turn into dualities. We present two different approaches: the first one directly uses the Z-join ideal completion and the Z-below relation; the other combines two known equivalence theorems, namely a topological representation of Z-continuous posets and a general lattice theoretical representation of closure spaces.     

对称扩展的有界分配格的同余关系及其应用

给出了对称扩展的有界分配格的定义,即带有满足一定条件的一元运算的有界分配格.然后给出了这种分配格上的主同余的等式刻划及其可补性.最后,讨论了对称扩展的有界分配格的次直不可约性。     

Résolution en temps court d'une équation de Hamilton–Jacobi non locale décrivant la dynamique d'une dislocation

This Note studies a nonlocal geometric Hamilton–Jacobi equation that models the motion of a planar dislocation in a crystal. Within the framework of viscosity solutions and of the level-set approach, we show that the equation has a unique solution on a small time interval when the initial curve is the graph of a Lipschitz bounded function. To cite this article: O. Alvarez et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 338 (2004).     

Finite speed of propagation in porous media by mass transportation methods

In this Note we make use of mass transportation techniques to give a simple proof of the finite speed of propagation of the solution to the one-dimensional porous medium equation. The result follows by showing that the difference of support of any two solutions corresponding to different compactly supported initial data is a bounded in time function of a suitable Monge–Kantorovich related metric. To cite this article: J.A. Carrillo et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 338 (2004).     

Topological duality and lattice expansions,I: A topological construction of canonical extensions

The two main objectives of this paper are (a) to prove purely topological duality theorems for semilattices and bounded lattices, and (b) to show that the topological duality from (a) provides a construction of canonical extensions of bounded lattices. In previously known dualities for semilattices and bounded lattices, the dual spaces are compact 0-dimensional spaces with additional algebraic structure. For example, semilattices are dual to 0-dimensional compact semilattices. Here we establish dual categories in which the spaces are characterized purely in topological terms, with no additional algebraic structure. Thus the results can be seen as generalizing Stone’s duality for distributive lattices rather than Priestley’s. The paper is the first of two parts. The main objective of the sequel is to establish a characterization of lattice expansions, i.e., lattices with additional operations, in the topological setting built in this paper.     

Remarks on Priestley duality for distributive lattices

The notion of a Priestley relation between Priestley spaces is introduced, and it is shown that there is a duality between the category of bounded distributive lattices and 0-preserving join-homomorphisms and the category of Priestley spaces and Priestley relations. When restricted to the category of bounded distributive lattices and 0-1-preserving homomorphisms, this duality yields essentially Priestley duality, and when restricted to the subcategory of Boolean algebras and 0-preserving join-homomorphisms, it coincides with the Halmos-Wright duality. It is also established a duality between 0-1-sublattices of a bounded distributive lattice and certain preorder relations on its Priestley space, which are called lattice preorders. This duality is a natural generalization of the Boolean case, and is strongly related to one considered by M. E. Adams. Connections between both kinds of dualities are studied, obtaining dualities for closure operators and quantifiers. Some results on the existence of homomorphisms lying between meet and join homomorphisms are given in the Appendix.     

Consistency results on Newmark methods for dynamical contact problems

The paper considers the time integration of frictionless dynamical contact problems between viscoelastic bodies in the frame of the Signorini condition. Among the numerical integrators, interest focuses on the classical Newmark method, the improved energy dissipative version due to Kane et al., and the contact-stabilized Newmark method recently suggested by Deuflhard et al. In the absence of contact, any such variant is equivalent to the Störmer–Verlet scheme, which is well-known to have consistency order 2. In the presence of contact, however, the classical approach to discretization errors would not show consistency at all because of the discontinuity at the contact. Surprisingly, the question of consistency in the constrained situation has not been solved yet. The present paper fills this gap by means of a novel proof technique using specific norms based on earlier perturbation results due to the authors. The corresponding estimation of the local discretization error requires the bounded total variation of the solution. The results have consequences for the construction of an adaptive timestep control, which will be worked out subsequently in a forthcoming paper.     

Numerical analysis of the electric field formulation of an eddy current problem

In this paper we analyze a finite element method for the numerical solution of an eddy current problem in a bounded conducting domain. We use a weak formulation in terms of the electric field and impose non-local non-standard boundary conditions. The unique data are the input current intensities which are imposed by means of some special curves lying on the boundary of the domain. Optimal error estimates are shown and implementation issues are discussed. To cite this article: A. Bermúdez et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 337 (2003).