4—氨基—三氮唑树脂对铬（Ⅵ）的吸附,机理及应用

4-氨基-三氮唑树脂(4-ATR)对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附在pH=1时最佳,Cr~(3+)基本不被吸附。两者分离系数β_(CrVI/Cr~(3+)=5.52×10~3.静态饱和容量为179.4mg Cr(Ⅵ)/g树脂。用5mol/L HCl能还原洗脱。测得不同温度下的吸附速率常数k_(21·c)=1.59×10~(-3)S~(-1)、K_(25·c)=1.87×10~(-3)S~(-1)、K(30·c)=2.2×10~(-3)S~(-1);表观吸附活化能E_a=26.26kJ/mol;吸附热力学函数ΔH=6.16kJ/mol,ΔG~(298)=-15.1kJ/mol,ΔS~(298)=339.8J.mol·K.吸附机理表明4-ATR功能基上的N与Cr(Ⅵ)发生配位键合,配位摩尔比为1∶1.利用此树脂处理含Cr(Ⅵ)电镀废水,铬回收率可达95.7%。     

拉伸取向尼龙1010样品的抗张回复

研究了拉伸取向尼龙 10 10的抗张回复现象 .残存应变ε′表征了由链滑移而产生的永久形变 ,回复应变(ε -ε′)表征了键角变化和链段取向产生的形变 .当拉伸温度T=18℃ (T 相似文献   

阳离子型微乳液对锰(Ⅱ)-水杨基荧光酮的增敏作用

以阳离子型O/WCTMAB/n-C_5H_(11)OH/n-C_7H_(18)/H_2O微乳液为介质,进行Mn(Ⅱ)-SAF的光度法测定,ε_(575)=1.73×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),与以水为介质ε_(580)=6.59×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)及相同含量CTMABO/W胶束溶液为介质ε_(575)=1.20×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)比较,测定灵敏度显著增加,某些实验条件更为宽容,样品分析结果令人满意。     

在Tween-80存在下邻菲啰啉-硫氰酸盐分光光度法测定微量铁

铁(Ⅲ)-邻菲啰啉-硫氰酸盐络合物不溶于水,故曾有报导用甲基异丁酮萃取光度法测定铁。本文研究了在Tween-80存在下,用邻非啰啉-硫氰酸盐于水相中直接测定微量铁(Ⅱ)的方法。灵敏度(ε_(525)=2.2×10~4)比通常采用的邻菲啰啉法(ε_(530)=1.1×10~4)提高了一倍。在pH=1.5～2.2的缓冲溶液中,有色溶液4小时内不褪色。铁浓度在0～20μg/25ml范围内符合比尔定律。含20μg铁的合成试样分析,回收率为99～101％,相对标准偏差为0.7％。本法操作简捷,选择性好,已成功地用于植物试样分析。     

岩石强度降低的微观机理

在单轴压缩下,济南辉长岩样品以六种恒变形速率(从10~(-3)/s—10~(-8)/s)压缩直至样品破坏。结果表明:岩石强度降低了23％。岩石体积的非线弹性膨胀的起始点C_0~’=常数。当δ_1>C_0~’时,同一应力下,ε_1和D是随变形速率的减小而增大。微观结果表明:变形速率小的样品其微破裂密度大于变形速率高的样品,除观察到平行于δ_1的裂纹外,还有与δ_1夹角近90°的裂纹,它是D值增大的因素。当蠕变实验的恒压取δ_1>C_0~’时,证实了岩石内微破裂的成长是随时间的发展而发展。且以稳态蠕变常数的速率发展直至破坏止。综合以上结果表明:当δ_1>C_0~’时,岩石的本构关系是与时间的发展有关。并得到C_0~’是岩石强度的极限。     

钴(Ⅲ)络合物氧化对苯二胺类化合物的动力学与机理的研究

本文通过监测氧化中间体半醌(S~+)的吸光度变化跟踪反应进程。用初始速率法处理得到了HAc-NaAc介质中Fe(CN)_6~(3-)(Ox′)催化[CO~Ⅲ(NH_3)_5Cl]~(2+)(Ox)氧化CD-4遵循下列动力学方程: d[S~+]/dt=k_(obs).[Ox′]~(0.90)[Ox]~(0.85)认为Fe(CN)_6~(3-)的再生过程是整个反应的决速步骤。估算了决速步的速率常数k(298K)、活化焓△H~(0≠)和活化熵分别为1.92dm~3·mol~(-1)s~(-1)、23.1kcal/mol和20.5cal/mol.K。以TEPPD代替CD-4、以Fe(CN)_6~(4-)代替Fe(CN)_6~(3-)的实验结果支持了所提出的再生机理的合理性。 实验也得到了[Co~Ⅲen_2Cl_2]~+直接氧化CD-4或TEPPD的动力学方程。测定了反应的活化能。认为PPD氧化为半醌是反应的决速步骤。[Co~Ⅲ(NH_3)_6]~(3+)、[Co~Ⅲ(NH_3)_5Cl]~(2+),[CoⅢen_3]~(3+)、[CoⅢen_2Cl_2]~+氧化PPD的实验结果表明,钴(Ⅲ)络合物的取代活性增加,氧化活性亦增加。     

溴金酸-罗丹明B和氯金酸-罗丹明6G超高灵敏显色反应的研究——离心光度法测定金

本文研究了一个超高灵敏的测定金的方法,离心光度法。在Au-Br-RB体系中络合物λ_(max)=559nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε_(559)=3.39×10~(11)L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),Au(Ⅲ)浓度(0.20×10~(-5)～2.5×10~(-5)μg/10 ml呈线性关系;Au-Cl-R6G体系络合物λ_(max)=531 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε_(531)=2.52×10~8L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),Au(Ⅲ)浓度(0.20×10~(-2)～2.4×10μg/10ml。呈线性(Ⅲ)关系。本法已用于某些低品位矿样中金的分析,分析结果与标准值相吻合。探讨了超高灵敏的显色反应机理。     

中国黄土石英中的~(10)Be研究——Ⅰ.“自身成因~(10)Be”与黄土源区侵蚀速率

对于0.2Ma以来的黄土堆积物,其石英“自身成因~(10)Be”主要来源于源区初始~(10)Be,载带着源区侵蚀速率变化信息。中国洛川黄土剖面GL 47(L_1),GL83(L_2)两样品石英“自身成因~(10)Be”浓度分别为5×10~5原子/g,2.2×10~6原子/g。据此计算的源区侵蚀速率为:L_1期(10—90ka),ε_(BeL_1)=1.5×10~(-3)cm/a;L_2期(130—190k a),ε_(BeL_2)=3.8×10~(-4)cm/a。更深层位黄土石英“自身成因~(10)Be”研究可望用于黄土地层测年。     

双显色剂高灵敏协同显色反应的研究——钴(Ⅲ)-亚硝基R盐-结晶紫体系

在水溶液中钴(Ⅱ)与亚硝基R盐所形成的配合阴离子可以与有机碱阳离子(结晶紫)缔合形成中性缔合分子。在聚乙烯醇存在下,配合物可稳定存在于水溶液中。钴(Ⅲ)-亚硝基R盐-结晶紫配合物在510nm处有一最大吸收,摩尔吸光系数ε_(510)=1.47×l0~5L·mol~(-1)·cm(-1)。配合物中各组分的摩尔比为:Co:R:CV=1:3:6。反应具有较高的选择性,采用双峰双波长法测定钴可使灵敏度得到进一步提高,相应的摩尔吸光系数ε_(510-640)=4.09×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。方法用于合成试样中钴的测定,结果满意。     

钪—偶氮氯膦Ⅲ—铜—邻菲罗啉混合多核配合物显色反应研究

本文研究了钪—偶氮氯膦Ⅲ—铜—邻菲罗啉配合物的形成条件。在pH3.6醋酸钠—盐酸介质中配合物的最大吸收峰在606nm处,摩尔吸光系数ε_(606)=7.02×10~(-4)L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。配合物各组分摩尔比Sc∶R ∶Cu∶Phen=1∶1∶1∶3。分子式为[ScOH·H_4R][Cu(Phen)_3]。应用于以铜基合金合成试样中钪的直接测定,结果较好。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.