柠檬酸钆配合物对宫颈癌细胞作用的蛋白质组学研究

为研究稀土化合物抗癌作用及其机制,本文采用差异蛋白质组学方法研究钆对宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)的作用,以四噻唑蓝比色法(MTT法)检测柠檬酸钆配合物([Gd(Cit)2]3-)对HeLa细胞生长的影响,并用Hoechst 33258染色法观察细胞凋亡形态,利用双向凝胶电泳技术分离[Gd(Cit)2]3-作用HeLa细胞前后的蛋白,经图像分析后对蔗异点,进行MALDI-TOF-MS鉴定和数据检索.结果表明0.005～1 mmol·L-1浓度范围内的[Gd(Cit)2]3-对HeLa细胞生长的影响存在浓度依赖性.Hoechst 33258染色结果表明0.07 mmol·L-1[Gd(Cit)2]3-作用24 h对HeLa细胞的生长的抑制率为34%.质谱共鉴定出12个差异表达蛋白质点,包括延伸因子2、过氧化酶6、亲环蛋白A、烯醇酶1等在细胞中分别参与蛋白质转录与翻译、氧化应激、信号传导等过程的蛋白质.提示[Gd(Cit)2]3-可能通过调节胞内氧化应激水平,介导与调控信号转导与蛋白质表达等,从而诱导HeLa癌细胞凋亡.     

温敏核不育系水稻株1S及其矮秆突变SV14茎的蛋白质组学比较

采用双向凝胶电泳对温敏核不育水稻株1S和其矮秆突变体SV14的茎(穗颈下第1节和第2节)蛋白进行了分离,通过银染显色,获得了分辨率和重复性较好的双向电泳图谱.选取了26个蛋白质点采用MALDI-TOF-MS进行肽质谱指纹图分析,最终有12个蛋白质点得到了可靠鉴定.其中在SV14中相对于株1S上调的仅有OSJNBa0039C07.13 蛋白,其它蛋白均表现为下调.这些差异蛋白按照功能可分为4类: (1) 能量代谢相关蛋白;(2) 次生代谢相关蛋白;(3) 调控蛋白;(4) 未知蛋白.对光合系统Ⅱ氧延伸复合物蛋白质前体2,果糖二磷酸醛缩酶,UDP-葡糖醛酸脱羧酶对应的基因进行了半定量RT-PCR分析,发现这几个基因与蛋白质的表达不一致,可能是RNA发生了翻译后修饰而减少了蛋白表达量的结果.这些差异蛋白很可能与水稻矮化有关,为水稻矮秆基因的寻找提供了另一个有效途径.     

(Gd1-xErx)2Zr2O7红外发射率对高温导热性能的影响规律研究EI北大核心CSCD

采用固相合成法制备Er2O3掺杂(Gd1-xErx)2Zr2O7(x=0,0.1,0.2)陶瓷材料，利用X射线衍射仪、激光导热仪以及傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对陶瓷材料的物相结构、热导率及高温红外发射率分别表征并对结果进行分析。结果表明，在Rad+pc模型中(Gd1-xErx)2Zr2O7陶瓷试样的热导率随掺杂量先降低后升高，总体上，Er3+的掺杂降低了Gd2Zr2O7的热导率，而Cape+pc模型中(Gd1-xErx)2Zr2O7陶瓷试样热导率首先随温度升高而逐渐降低，800℃出现拐点随温度呈增大趋势。随Er2O3掺杂量的增加，(Gd1-xErx)2Zr2O7陶瓷试样1100℃红外发射率(3～5μm)与光子热导率具有相同变化趋势，发射率的降低导致了热导率测试值的增大，这一现象与材料晶格振动相关。     

稀土离子对BEL-7402和K562细胞蛋白质内源荧光的影响

利用Tb3+的荧光特性及蛋白质的内源荧光性质,考察了稀土离子与BEL-7402和K562细胞的作用.结果稀土离子没有使所测的细胞蛋白质内源荧光的峰位发生变化,但荧光强度随稀土浓度的变化而改变;稀土离子对于BEL-7402细胞, La3+的淬灭常数小于Tb3+和Gd3+;但对于K562 细胞La3+的淬灭常数略大于Tb3+,而Tb3+和 Gd3+之间淬灭常数比较接近.     

温敏核不育系水稻株1S及其矮秆突变体SV14茎的蛋白质组学比较

采用双向凝胶电泳对温敏核不育水稻株1S和其矮秆突变体SV14的茎(穗颈下第1节和第2节)蛋白进行了分离, 通过银染显色, 获得了分辨率和重复性较好的双向电泳图谱. 选取了26个蛋白质点采用MALDI-TOF-MS进行肽质谱指纹图分析, 最终有12个蛋白质点得到了可靠鉴定. 其中在SV14中相对于株1S上调的仅有OSJNBa0039C07.13 蛋白, 其它蛋白均表现为下调. 这些差异蛋白按照功能可分为4类: (1) 能量代谢相关蛋白; (2) 次生代谢相关蛋白; (3) 调控蛋白; (4) 未知蛋白. 对光合系统Ⅱ氧延伸复合物蛋白质前体2, 果糖二磷酸醛缩酶, UDP-葡糖醛酸脱羧酶对应的基因进行了半定量RT-PCR分析, 发现这几个基因与蛋白质的表达不一致, 可能是RNA发生了翻译后修饰而减少了蛋白表达量的结果. 这些差异蛋白很可能与水稻矮化有关, 为水稻矮秆基因的寻找提供了另一个有效途径.     

BaLiF3∶Eu,Gd中Gd3+→Eu2+的能量传递

研究了BaLiF3中Gd3+和Eu2+的光谱性质及Gd3+对Eu2+的能量传递过程,讨论了传递机理.Gd3+的含量(物质的量分数)为0.3%时,传递效率最高,传递几率PSA＝1.35×105 s-1.当Gd3+的含量高于0.3%时,由于Gd3+和Eu2+竞争吸收Gd3+占优势,增加Gd3+含量,竞争吸收比相应增加,Eu2+自身吸收光子数目减少,发射强度降低.     

快速老化模型小鼠海马蛋白质组学初步研究

应用双向凝胶电泳结合质谱鉴定, 分析比较6月龄和12月龄快速老化模型小鼠(Senescence-accele-rated mouse, SAM)的快速老化亚系SAM-prone/8(SAMP8)及抗快速老化亚系SAM-resistance/1(SAMR1)海马蛋白表达的差异, 从蛋白质水平初步探讨与老化相关的学习记忆功能障碍的发生机制. 结果表明, 与同龄SAMR1比较, 6月龄SAMP8海马中有15个蛋白点表达显著上调, 5个蛋白点表达显著下调; 12月龄SAMP8海马中有12个蛋白点表达显著上调, 2个蛋白点表达显著下调, 2个蛋白点只在SAMP8中有表达. 应用质谱分析结合数据库检索, 共鉴定了22种蛋白质. 6月龄和12月龄SAMP8与SAMR1海马中表达有明显变化的蛋白按功能可分为如下4类: (1) 能量代谢相关蛋白; (2) 线粒体功能相关蛋白; (3) 信号转导相关蛋白; (4) 其它蛋白. 研究结果表明, SAMP8和SAMR1海马蛋白表达存在明显差异, 其中一些蛋白与SAMP8随龄出现的学习记忆功能减退相关, 并可能为研究或发现促智药物作用的新蛋白靶标提供线索.     

Gd3+对原代培养的小鼠骨髓基质细胞成骨分化和成脂分化的影响

本文采用MTT法、碱性磷酸酶活性测定、矿化功能的测定以及油红O的染色和定量测定等手段研究了Gd3+对原代培养的小鼠骨髓基质细胞成骨分化和成脂分化的影响。研究结果表明,浓度为1×10-10和1×10-8 mol.L-1的Gd3+对小鼠骨髓基质细胞的增殖没有影响,其他测试浓度下的Gd3+则抑制小鼠骨髓基质细胞的增殖。当Gd3+与小鼠骨髓基质细胞作用7 d时,其对小鼠骨髓基质细胞成骨分化的影响与作用浓度有关,当Gd3+与小鼠骨髓基质细胞作用14 d时,在全部测试浓度范围内,抑制小鼠骨髓基质细胞成骨分化。除1×10-8和1×10-5 mol.L-1外,其他测试浓度下的Gd3+促进小鼠骨髓基质细胞的矿化功能。当Gd3+与小鼠骨髓基质细胞作用10 d时,其抑制小鼠骨髓基质细胞的成脂分化,当Gd3+与小鼠骨髓基质细胞作用16 d时,除1×10-9mol.L-1外,其他浓度的Gd3+也抑制小鼠骨髓基质细胞的成脂分化。实验结果提示,Gd3+可能通过促进骨髓基质细胞的成骨分化、抑制其成脂分化途径起到对骨的保护作用。Gd3+对原代培养的小鼠骨髓基质细胞成骨分化和成脂分化的影响与作用浓度和时间有关,而且,它们是影响Gd3+对骨是损伤还是保护作用转变的关键因素。     

中国小型猪心肌梗死模型的比较蛋白质组学研究

利用二维电泳(2DE)分离中国小型猪心肌梗死模型的正常与梗死心肌组织的蛋白提取液, 采用 PDQuest 软件对比分析了两种心肌组织在pH=5─8范围内的2DE谱图. 正常心肌组织检出851个蛋白点, 梗死组织检出1 032个蛋白点. 发现13个蛋白质点只在小型猪的正常心肌组织中表达, 而有14个蛋白质点只在梗死心肌组织中表达. 另外, 还有49个蛋白点在两种组织中表达量上有显著性变化(P<0.05), 选择进行质谱分析其中11个蛋白点, 成功地鉴定出7种蛋白, 蛋白功能分析结果表明, 这些蛋白的差异表达与心肌梗死过程相关.     

正常组织和胰腺癌组织中差异表达蛋白的鉴定

采用双向凝胶电泳和生物质谱技术, 对12对胰腺癌组织和癌旁组织样品、3个胰腺良性疾病样品、3个正常胰腺组织样品的蛋白质进行了分离和鉴定, 获得了重复性较好的双向凝胶电泳图谱; 鉴定了胰腺癌和癌旁组织的差异表达蛋白质, 发现了30个差异表达蛋白质; 应用MALDI-TOF-MS/MS技术对差异表达蛋白质进行鉴定, 共有24个蛋白质得到鉴定, 其中15个蛋白质在胰腺癌组织中表达上调, 9个蛋白质表达下调. 这些蛋白质与胰腺癌的发生相关, 可能成为胰腺癌的分子标志物和药物治疗的靶蛋白.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。