芳杂环二腈及其聚合物——Ⅸ.4,4’-联苯二甲腈聚合动力学

本文研究了4,4′-联苯二甲腈在4,4′-联苯二甲腈氯化锌配合物催化下的聚合反应动力学,氰基浓度通过以铁氰化钾为内标的石腊糊法的红外光谱定量分析法测定。结果表明:该聚合反应是二级反应,聚合反应速度和氰基浓度及配合物浓度各成一次方比例。聚合反应表观活化能为12.4千卡/克分子。此外,也研究了不同的4,4′-联苯二甲腈金属氯化物配合物为催化剂对4,4′-联苯二甲腈聚合反应速度的影响,并对聚合反应机理进行了讨论。     

4,4′-偶氮二[4-氰基戊酰(对-二甲基氨基)苯胺]引发丙烯酰胺聚合及其动力学研究

以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂,研究了4,4′-偶氮二[4-氰基戊酰(对-二甲基氨基)苯胺](ACPDA)为引发剂引发丙烯酰胺(AAM)的聚合行为.考察了聚合反应温度、单体浓度和引发剂浓度对聚合物分子量和聚合反应速率的影响,测定了反应级数和聚合反应的活化能.实验结果表明,ACPDA引发AAM的聚合速率方程为Rp=K[AAM]1.03[ACPDA ]0.48,聚合反应的表观活化能(Ea)为126.44kJ·mol-1.     

光促二氯二茂钛催化丙烯腈聚合的研究

研究了二氯二茂钛催化丙烯腈等单体的本体聚合反应。在光照射下,二氯二茂钛对丙烯腈、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯等单体具有催化聚合活性。光是必要的条件。证明了其聚合反应为游离基机理。计算了丙烯腈的聚合速度、速度常数和反应活化能。     

缩聚反应合成侧链液晶聚合物

侧链液晶聚合物的合成方法,可归纳为3类:一是烯基的单体,如甲基丙烯酸酯,或丙烯酸酯,氯代丙烯酸酯等,经自由基聚合反应,阴离子聚合反应及甲基丙烯酸酯的基团转移聚合反应,得到侧链液晶聚合物;二是变性反应,如聚硅氧烷与丙烯酸酯介     

芳杂环二腈及其聚合物——Ⅻ.二(对氰基苯基)醚和二(对氰基苯基)砜的聚合反应动力学

<正> 我们曾研究了4,4'-联苯二甲腈(I)在联苯二甲腈氯化锌配合物催化下的聚合反应动力学,结果表明,该聚合反应是二级反应,聚合反应速度与氰基和配合物的浓度各成一次方比例,可用下式表示:     

铜-二正丁胺络合体系催化的2,6-二甲基苯酚聚合反应研究

采用间歇溶液聚合法制备了聚苯醚(PPO),对铜-二正丁胺络合体系催化的2,6-二甲基苯酚聚合反应进行了研究。探讨了络合反应对催化剂活性的影响,优化了二正丁胺用量以及单体的浓度和滴加速度。实验表明聚合反应适宜的条件是:温度为(32±2)℃,聚合反应时间为2.5-3.0h。     

对二甲胺基二苯酮的吸收光谱行为及其敏化的甲基丙烯酸甲酯的光聚合

本文对对二甲胺基二苯酮的吸收光谱及其光敏引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合反应动力学进行了研究，并简单考察了氧气对聚合反应的影响。     

一些含氟单体的合成及其聚合反应的初步研究

合成了含氟单体3-氧杂全氟戊烷-1,5-二磺酰溴(3),N-烯丙基-2-(ω-碘-n-全氟烷氧基)-1,1,2,2-四氟乙磺酰胺(16～18).初步研究了含氟单体3与非共轭二烯的聚合反应、连二亚硫酸钠引发的含氟单体16～18的聚合反应以及α,ω-全氟烷基二碘代烷22,23与非共轭端二烯的聚合反应,得到了相应的含氟聚合物或寡聚物.     

芳氧基钇在DMF中引发丙烯腈聚合的动力学研究

用单组分三(2,6-二叔丁基4甲基苯氧基)钇配合物[Y(OAr)3]引发丙烯腈聚合,发现介质对聚合反应的影响很大,在介电常数较大的极性溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,AN聚合反应的活性较高,在50℃下聚合3h,丙烯腈聚合反应转化率达到94%,所得聚丙烯腈(PAN)含52%间规结构.在DMF中聚合反应速率与单体、引发剂的浓度分别呈一级关系,丙烯腈聚合反应的表观活化能为22.1kJ·mol-1.     

RAFT聚合法合成PDMAEMA-b-PAAAB嵌段共聚物的研究

以甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)为单体、二硫代苯甲酸异丙苯酯(CDB)为链转移剂、偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,利用RAFT聚合法合成了聚甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(PDMAEMA)。以所得PDMAEMA为大分子链转移剂,丙烯酰胺基偶氮苯(AAAB)为单体,AIBN为引发剂,采用RAFT聚合法合成了PDMAEMA-b-PAAAB共聚物,并考察了AAAB的RAFT聚合反应动力学,利用FT-IR、1 H-NMR、GPC和TG对聚合物的结构和热性能进行了表征。结果表明,PDMAEMA的分子量随聚合反应时间的增加而增加,且分子量分布较窄;PDMAEMA-b-PAAAB嵌段共聚物的分子量随着AAAB单体转化率的升高而线性增加,且分子量分布较窄(PDI1.3),聚合反应动力学曲线呈良好的线性关系,且具有较好的热稳定性。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.