水与非水体系层状液晶稳定性的研究

水体系层状液晶已有较长的研究历史,非水层状液晶则是近年来才得发展.本文以层状液晶的相行为和~2H NMR测量,研究以极性有机物甘油代替水为溶剂后,对十二烷基硫酸钠/正癸醇/溶剂体系层状液晶稳定性的影响。1 实验试剂C_(12)H_(25)SO_4Na(SDS),正癸醇(C_(10)H_(21)OH,简为C_(10)OH),甘油(简为Gly)均同文献,水为二次蒸馏水.氚代物SDS_(-d25)和C_(10)OH_(-d21)均出自Cambridge Isotopes. 层状液晶单相区域的确定和~2H NMR测量见文献[92].     

非水层状液晶的结构与稳定性 Ⅲ.三乙醇胺油酸盐层状液晶及其增溶特性

Friberg曾以等摩尔的三乙醇胺(TEA)与油酸(OLA)混合,生成了三乙醇胺油酸盐(TEA-OLA)非水层状液晶,并指出在TEA的作用下,大部分OLA去质子,生成了三乙醇胺油酸盐,组成层状液晶两亲双层,剩余的TEA、OLA作为溶剂存在于层状液晶的溶剂层中,本文报道以甲酰胺(FA)为溶剂时TEA-OLA与TEA-OLA/FA层状液晶的生成范围及其稳定性。     

层状液晶乳液的相行为

层状液晶乳液的相行为;层状液晶(LLC);相转变温度;示差扫描量热法(DSC);小角X射线衍射(SAXD)     

非离子表面活性剂层状液晶的结构与增溶作用

相行为研究表明，与ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００／Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿６／Ｈ＿２Ｏ体系相比，ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００／Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ／Ｈ＿２Ｏ体系更易于生成层状液晶，并更为稳定，小角Ｘ－射线衍射表明；ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００／Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ／Ｈ＿２Ｏ体系层状液晶中，Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ与ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００交替排列于两亲双层中，Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ／ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００重量比增加，两亲双层厚度ｄ＿０值不变。以Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿６代替Ｃ＿（１０）Ｈ＿（２１）ＯＨ后，Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿６存在于两亲双层的油层和渗入ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００分子链尾周围，使得溶剂渗透率减少，并且Ｃ＿６Ｈ＿６／ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００增加，ｄ＿０值增加。     

溶剂性质对层状液晶结构与稳定性的影响

水体系层状液晶虽早有研究,但对非水层状液晶的研究则开始较晚,本文用HNMR和小角X射线衍射等方法,研究了极性有机溶剂甲酰胺代替水后,对SDS/C₁₀OH/溶剂体系层状液晶结构与稳定性的影响。     

Triton X-100体系层状液晶结构及其润滑性能

用小角X射线衍射和2HNMR方法测定TritonX 100/n C10H21OH/H2O体系层状液晶的结构.用高速环块磨损验机考察了不同组分含量的层状液晶对铝合金 钢磨擦副润滑性能的影响.结果表明:随着水含量的增加,层液晶两亲双层中分子的有序度降低,润滑效果也降低;随着Tri tonX 100含量增加,层状液晶两亲双层中分子有序度增加,其润滑效果提高.     

SDS/正癸醇/甘油与SDS/正癸醇/甲酰胺液晶结构

以极性有机物为溶剂制备展状液晶已经引起重视,但关于极性有机溶剂对层状液晶结构和稳定性影响的研究还很不够.我们曾以~2H NMR测量研究了以甲酰胺代替甘油为溶剂,对非水层状液晶SDS/C_(10)H_(21)OH/溶剂体系稳定性的影响.本文则以小角X射线衍射测量,研究以甲酰胺代替甘油后,对层状液晶SDS/C_(21)H_(21)OH/溶剂体系结构的影响。     

Triton X—100／C10H21OH／H2O体系层状液晶中水溶性超微粒子材…

利用溶剂在层状液晶中的渗透性和层状液晶中溶剂层厚度的限定性，在ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００／Ｃ１０Ｈ２１ＯＨ／Ｈ２Ｏ体系状液晶中，以饱和Ｎａ２Ｃ２Ｏ４水溶液代替给分水制备水溶性超微粒子材料Ｎａ２Ｃ２Ｏ４，平均粒径约为６ｎｍ。     

层状液晶中KCl超微粒子的制备

利用溶剂在层状液晶中的渗透性，和层状液晶中溶剂厚度的限定性，在TritonX-100／C10H21OH／H2O体系层状液晶中，以24．0％（质量分数）KCl水溶液代替组分水，制备水溶性超微粒子材料KCl，粒径大小约为4～6nm．     

THE FORMING EQUATION FOR THE LAMELLAR LIQUID CRYSTAL

Based on the characteristics and composition of the lamellar liquid crystal, its forming equation was proposed for the first time. It was found that the predicted location and shape of a liquid crystalline region by the equation match well with experimental results. The predicted size of the region is greater lhan the experimentally determined one. The proposed forming equation for the lamellar liquid crystal provides a new tool lor determining the liquid crystalline region in multicomponent systems. This niav be useful in both basic theoretical research and industrial applications     

PHASE STRUCTURES AND TRANSITION BEHAVIORS OF A TRIPHENYLENE DISCOTIC LIQUID CRYSTAL

The phase behaviors and structures of a triphenylene-derived discotic liquid crystal (LC) hexa-n-octoxyl-triphenylene (C8HET) were studied using the combined techniques of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and polarized light microscopy (PLM). Onedimensional (1D) powder WAXD results at different temperatures coupled with DSC and PLM observations revealed that the C8HET compound possessed an LC phase and three different crystalline (K3, K2 and K1) phases below the isotropic (Ⅰ)melt. The I (←→) LC phase transition was thermodynamically reversible and independent of the heating and cooling rates. The development and experimental observation of the three crystalline phases relied on different thermal histories. Among the three crystalline phases in C8HET, the K3 phase is the most stable phase, while the K2 and K1 phases are metastable. Note that the K1 phase only formed via a quenching process. On the basis of structure sensitive diffraction experiments such as 2D WAXD of oriented samples and SAED of single crystals, detailed structures and molecular packings of these four ordered phases were identified. The LC phase exhibited a hexagonal columnar phase with 2D lattice dimensions of a = b = 2.38 nm and γ= 120°. All the three crystalline phases possess monoclinic unit cells, yet the γ angle is not 90° in the cases of the K2 and the K3 phases, while in the case of the K1 phase the α angle is not 90°.     

直链醇链长对层状液晶结构与稳定性的影响

作为助表面活性剂,直链醇在层状溶致液晶的制备中是非常重要的。本文以层状液晶的相行为和小角度X射线衍射测量,研究了直链醇链长对层状液晶结构与稳定的影响。     

泡沫的稳定性及液晶对它的影响

泡沫体系的表面张力、粘度,表面粘度以及液晶相的存在对泡沫的稳定性皆有影响。消泡剂可改变上述性质。本文报导聚氧乙烯辛基酚(TritonX-100),十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS),油酸三乙醇胺(TEAOL)和卵磷脂等起泡剂在均相溶液及有液晶存在时产生泡沫的稳定性,观察硅油的消泡作用。     

偶氮苯和胆甾酯侧链聚硅氧烷高分子液晶固定液色谱分离二氯苯和甲酚异构体

将合成的含偶氮苯和胆甾酯侧链的聚硅氧烷新型高分子液晶用作毛细管气相色谱固定液，以蒽为样品进行测定，理论塔板数为3884。该固定液热稳定性良好，可于240℃以下使用。利用该色谱体系成功地分离了二氯苯异构体和甲酚异构体。     

PHASE STABILITY OF LYOTROPIC LIQUID CRYSTAL SYSTEMS

Theoretical considerations of supramolecuiar organization in lyotropic liquid crystal systems are presented. The model describes the lamellar, inverted hexagonal and micellar phases and the phase transitions between them. Experimental and calculated by the model data are in good agreement.     

聚对偶氮氧苯酚酯系列热致性液晶高分子的相转变

合成含有不同亚甲基数（ｎ＝４—１２，１４）的主链型热致性液晶高分子──聚对偶氮氧苯酚二元羧酸酯．用ＤＳＣ和ＦＴＩＲ观测了相转变的奇偶效应，揭示了液晶相转变过程中分子间相互作用力性质的变化．并与聚２，２＇－二甲基对偶氮氧苯酚二元羧酸酯系列进行了比较，讨论了中介单元的对称性对液晶高聚物相转变和对液晶相稳定性的影响．     

CTMAB-C5H11OH-H2O体系微乳液、液晶及其增溶特性

微乳液、液晶及其增溶作用具有重要的理论意义及应用价值,已引起重视与关注。本文研究了CTMAB-C_5H_(11)OH-H_2O体系微乳液、层状液晶及其对C_7H_(16)的增溶特性。1 实验方法十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(分析纯,简称CTMAB)、正戊醇、正庚烷,皆为分析纯,H_2O为二次蒸馏水。1.2 各向同性区域的测定先以滴定法粗略确定单相区域的相界线,然后在相界线两侧均匀选点配样,于25.0±