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1.
在中高能质子诱发散裂反应相关核工程设计中,可靠的蒙特卡罗模拟程序结合核反应理论模型具有较好的理论指导意义。本工作中,利用GEANT4耦合INCL4和ABLA理论模型以及FLUKA耦合PEANUT模型模拟计算了几百MeV至几个GeV质子轰击Be,Al,Fe,W,U等靶后30°,60°,120°,150°出射角产生的散裂中子双微分截面,并与现有实验数据进行了比较。结果发现,FLUKA和GEANT4模拟计算较好地再现了Al,Fe,W,U等靶实验测量数据。然而,模拟结果明显低估了Be靶出射中子能量小于10 MeV能区的实验数据。For the design of nuclear engineering related with medium-high energy proton induced spallation reaction,the reliable Monte Carlo simulation codes coupled with nuclear reaction models have a good theoretical guidance.In this work,the production spallation neutron double differential cross sections at 30°,60°,120°,150°emission angle for Be,Al,Fe,W,U target materials at incident proton energies between several hundred MeV and GeV are theoretically calculated by using the GEANT4 coupled INCL4 and ABLA,and the FLUKA coupled PEANUT.The calculated results were compared with the available experimental data.It is found that the GEANT4 and FLUKA calculations well reproduced the experimental measurement of Al,Fe,W,U target materials.However,calculations obviously underestimated the emission neutrons of Be target for lower than 10 MeV energy range.  相似文献   

2.
戴长江  盛祥东  何会林 《物理》2000,29(11):679-682
综述了中微子静止质量mυe的测量方法与结果,侧重介绍了超新星SN87A中微子测量的结果,即得到具有能量为8MeV和36MeV的中微子飞行时间差,对于Kamiokande,IMB,Bakson分别为1.9s,6s和9s,由此给出电子中微子静止质量上限为14eV「95%置信水平(C.L.)」,并且描述了计划建造的新型太阳中微子能谱仪,该谱仪在观测太阳中微子能谱的同时,将兼测超新星中微子,提供了在mυe〈1eV范围内测量中微子静止质量的可能性。  相似文献   

3.
张洋  陈少敏 《物理》2023,52(6):404-412
超新星对于研究恒星演化以及元素、中子星、黑洞与引力波的产生至关重要。观测超新星的手段有很多种,而中微子因具有与物质相互作用极其微弱的特性,为观测提供了一个不同的视角,尤其是对超新星内部的物理机制研究。探测银河系内超新星爆发中微子,因其每世纪几次的低爆发率而变得非常困难。相比之下,距离银河系较远的周边星系超新星总爆发率每十年超过一次。正在建设的大型中微子实验已经开始能够探测宇宙大爆炸至今,包括银河系附近星系在内的所有星系中超新星爆发累积形成的各向同性中微子背景,称为超新星遗迹中微子。如果实验能发现这些中微子,将是中微子天文学的一个里程碑。文章将介绍目前和未来相关实验的主要探测原理、实验挑战和展望。  相似文献   

4.
在北京谱仪亮度监测器和北京正负电子对撞机实际运行参数的条件下,利用精确到α3项的Bhabha事例产生器,计算了亮度监测器的等效积分截面,用它计算北京正负电子对撞机的亮度,其系统误差<3%,实测数据与计算结果有很好的一致性.  相似文献   

5.
微空心阴极放电的Monte Carlo模拟研究   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
姚细林  王新兵  赖建军 《物理学报》2003,52(6):1450-1454
基于MATLAB与VC++混合语言,采用Monte Carlo模拟对高气压下亚毫米级微空心阴极放电(MHCD)中电子的运动过程进行了研究,计算出不同气压下的稳态时场向电子密度分布,电子能量分布以及对各种碰撞的统计等.分析表明:高气压下微空心阴极放电更能反映空心阴极效应——“来回振荡”的本质.通过模拟得到,电子在阴极间来回振荡的过程中,仍以前向散射为主.随着气压的升高,侧向散射效应逐渐体现出来. 关键词:微空心阴极Monte Carlo负辉区碰撞截面  相似文献   

6.
Based on the new progenitor stars model, the influence of ion screening is investigated. The simulation results show that ion screening has weak perturbation effects to the leptons in type-II supernova explosion. Ion screening decreases slightly the fraction of leptons and prolongs slightly the shock propagation time. Moreover, simulation results are shown that ion screening increases the total energy loss and reduces the shock energy, eventually decreasing of explosion energy and becomes a negative factor to supernova explosion. In addition, comparison of slight perturbated variation of ion screening to leptons, but simulation results" show that ion screening affects obviously explosion energy of type-II supernova, hence, it can also confirm that the variation of leptons is very sensitive to energy in supernova explosion.  相似文献   

7.
在准自由电子气模型的基础上得到一种不含自由参数的正电子吸收势,把它作为光学势的虚部,计算了能量在最小非弹性阀值到100eV范围内正电子被He、Ne、Ar原子散射的总截面和能量为200eV和300eV时的散射微分截面,计算结果与实验进行了比较。  相似文献   

8.
本文采用与经典轨道蒙特卡罗方法(CTMC)不同的方法,利用精确的量子力学氢原子的波函数,抽样氢原子中电子的位置及动量分布,而不是用经典轨道抽样的办法。仔细计算了H^+,He^2^+,Li^3^+,C^6^+,O^8^+,Ne^1^0^+,Si^1^4^+等全裸离子与氢原子碰撞过程中的电子俘获及电离截面,并给出被俘获后的电子在入射裸离子中的壳层分布图象,实际计算表明,其结果是令人满意的,特别是俘获截  相似文献   

9.
    
Based on the new progenitor stars model, the influence of ion screening isinvestigated. The simulation results show that ion screening has weakperturbation effects to the leptons in type-II supernova explosion. Ionscreening decreases slightly the fraction of leptons and prolongs slightly theshock propagation time. Moreover, simulation results are shown that ionscreening increases the total energy loss and reduces the shock energy,eventually decreasing of explosion energy and becomes a negative factor tosupernova explosion. In addition, comparison of slight perturbated variationof ion screening to leptons, but simulation results show that ion screeningaffects obviously explosion energy of type-II supernova, hence, it can alsoconfirm that the variation of leptons is very sensitive to energy insupernova explosion.  相似文献   

10.
应用基于平均散射截面低能电子在多元介质中散射Monte Carlo方法,模拟E≤5eV低能电子在多种多元介质中散射。计算了电子背散射系数,背散射电子能谱、角分布,入射电子、背散射电子在介质中的作用范围、沉积能分布,并与确定散射中心方法的结果比较。两种方法计算结果广泛一致,进一步证明基于平均散射截面方法的有效性和可靠性。入射电子能量较低,介质平均原子序数较大时,计算的背散射电子角分析不服从余弦分布律。  相似文献   

11.
12.
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贾俊基  王耀光  周顺 《中国物理C(英文版)》2019,43(9):095102-095102-15
In this paper, we investigate whether it is possible to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy via a high-statistics and real-time observation of supernova neutrinos with short-time characteristics. The essential idea is to utilize distinct times-of-flight for different neutrino mass eigenstates from a core-collapse supernova to the Earth, which may significantly change the time distribution of neutrino events in the future huge water-Cherenkov and liquid-scintillator detectors. For illustration, we consider two different scenarios. The first case is the neutronization burst of emitted in the first tens of milliseconds of a core-collapse supernova, while the second case is the black hole formation during the accretion phase for which neutrino signals are expected to be abruptly terminated. In the latter scenario, it turns out only when the supernova is at a distance of a few Mpc and the fiducial mass of the detector is at the level of gigaton, might we be able to discriminate between normal and inverted neutrino mass hierarchies. In the former scenario, the probability for such a discrimination is even less due to a poor statistics.  相似文献   

13.
Marc Dixmier 《Pramana》1994,43(6):453-465
We suggest a new answer to the problem of the solar neutrinos: a neutrino-photon interaction that would cause the neutrinos to disappear before they leave the sun or make them lose energy towards detection thresholds. We calculate the available energy in the system of the centre of mass, and show that the photons may be endowed with a pseudo-cross-section in the system of the sun. Under the assumption of an absorption, made to simplify the neutrino transport calculation, the chlorine experiment yields:σ a =1.8( −1.0 +0.7 )*10−9 barn, which is close tog β/(ℏc)=4·49*10−9 barn. The escape probability is substantially larger for the gallium neutrinos than for the chlorine neutrinos. Thermal radiation in the core of a supernova is suppressed by electrical conductivity, therefore the neutrinos from SN1987A could escape; they interacted with the photon piston in the outer layers of the supernova and the interaction has to be a scattering. The cosmological implications of a neutrino-photon interaction are discussed; Hubble’s constant may have to be modified. The case of an elastic scattering between neutrino and photon is discussed in more detail. An erratum to this article is available at .  相似文献   

14.
在反应堆计算中,确定论计算软件如ANISN计算速度快,适合复杂的物理-热工耦合计算任务。但对于确定论计算程序,其计算精度主要受制于多群截面数据库的制作。本工作基于蒙特卡罗计算软件OpenMC制作用于确定论程序的多群截面库。首先利用OpenMC进行建模计算,然后分区分能群统计总反应率、裂变中子产生率、吸收反应率、中子通量以及高阶勒让德散射率,最后通过自主编写的Fortran截面转换程序得到BUGLE-96格式的多群截面数据。为了验证所制作截面库的可靠性,将新制作的截面库提供给ANISN程序进行基准题计算,计算结果和蒙特卡罗程序及BUGLE-96库进行对比。结果表明,基于OpenMC和自主编写的截面转换程序制作的截面库用于ANISN计算时,Keff和通量与蒙特卡洛程序计算结果相吻合,并且比使用BUGLE-96库计算结果偏差更小,验证了本方法制作中子输运SN程序的多群截面库的有效性。  相似文献   

15.
The angular variations of the five-fold differential cross section obtained by using different wave functions of helium are compared with experimental data. It is found that in the coplanar geometry two kinematical arrangements, (i) equal energy sharing between the two ejected electrons with one of them ejected along the momentum transfer direction and the other along varying direction and (ii) the Bethe ridge condition with fixed sum of ejected electron energies and varying angle between them, are very sensitive to e-e correlations contained in the target wave function. This comparison has been used to show that open-shell class of wave functions better incorporate e-e correlations than the closed-shell class.  相似文献   

16.
Using experimental data, Monte Carlo tuning is implemented for performance parameters associated with the scintillation counters and readout electronics of the BESⅢ time-of-flight(TOF) system, as part of the full simulation model. The implementation of the tuning is described for simulations designed to reproduce the performance of a number of TOF system parameters, including pulse height, hit efficiency, time resolution, dead channels and background. In addition, comparisons with experimental data are presented.  相似文献   

17.
杨欢  邢玲玲  张穗萌  吴兴举  袁好 《物理学报》2013,62(18):183402-183402
用DS3C模型计算了入射能为32.5, 36.5, 40.7 eV时电子入射单电离氦原子的二重微分散射截面, 并把计算结果与实验结果进行了比较, 对屏蔽效应进行了分析. 通过对二重微分散射截面在全空间的角度积分得到了电子入射单电离氦原子的单微分散射截面, 利用3C模型和DS3C模型计算了入射能为32.5, 36.5, 40.7, 50 eV时氦原子的单微分散射截面, 并把计算结果与实验结果进行了比较. 对截面的结构进行了分析, 并系统研究了交换效应对截面的贡献.关键词:DS3C模型二重微分散射截面单微分散射截面屏蔽效应  相似文献   

18.
CdZnTe核探测器的蒙特卡罗模拟的初步研究   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
以CdZnTe核探测器的工作原理为依据,探测器内反应的随机性和反应产生的电子空穴对数目的统计规律为物理模型,应用Visual C + + 自行编制了蒙特卡罗模拟软件.模拟了γ射线在CdZnTe探测器中的响应能谱,并将模拟结果与实际器件的测试结果进行了比较讨论.模拟能谱与实际测得的能谱的主峰符合较好.此外,通过分析57Co源辐照下探测效率与器件厚度的关系,可以推测探测效率达到最大时所对应CdZnTe探测器的理想厚度  相似文献   

19.
本文使用5—27 ke V能量范围的电子轰击纯厚Al (Z=13), Ti (Z=22), Zr (Z=40), W (Z=74)和Au (Z=79)靶,利用硅漂移探测器(SDD)收集产生的X射线,给出了K, L壳层特征X射线产额的测量结果,并将所得实验数据与基于扭曲波玻恩近似理论模型(DWBA)的蒙特卡罗模拟值进行了比较,两者在小于或约为10%的范围内符合.根据测得的特征X射线产额进一步得到了相应的内壳层电离截面或特征X射线产生截面.通过对比电子入射角度为45°和90°的两种情况下解析模型与蒙特卡罗模拟的特征X射线产额,发现在入射角度为90°时两者符合较好.同时,本文还给出了次级电子、轫致辐射光子对特征X射线产额的贡献,该贡献与入射电子能量关系较弱,表现出与原子序数较密切的相关性.  相似文献   

20.
利用冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪装置系统研究了20—40 keV He2+-He碰撞体系的态选择单电子俘获过程,实验获得了单电子俘获过程的态选择截面以及角微分截面.在所研究的能区范围,电子俘获到L壳层的截面最大,为主要的反应道,这与分子库仑过垒模型的反应窗理论的预测一致.实验测量的态选择截面与原子轨道紧耦合的计算结果很好地符合,与光谱方法的测量结果存在一定的差别,主要原因是光谱方法不能测量完整的反应通道信息.实验结果表明,总角微分截面在小角度范围主要来源于电子俘获到基态的贡献,在大角度范围主要来自电子俘获到激发态的贡献;电子俘获到基态的和激发态的角微分截面均出现振荡结构,这种振荡来源于电子俘获反应中分子轨道之间的相干效应.实验测量的角微分截面与其他实验和紧耦合方法的计算结果进行了比较和分析.关键词:冷靶反冲离子动量谱仪态选择电子俘获态选择截面角微分截面  相似文献   

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