加速器束流诊断技术的新进展

介绍了加速器束流诊断技术的新进展, 包括束流位置测量技术、束团横向尺寸测量技术和束团长度测量技术. 束流位置测量技术主要介绍具有高位置分辨率的腔型束流位置检测器和数字束流位置处理技术. 束团尺寸测量技术主要介绍高空间分辨率的激光丝扫描器、光学渡越辐射和光学衍射辐射技术. 束团长度测量技术主要介绍高时间分辨率的相干辐射光谱技术、RF横向偏转腔、RF零相位技术和电光采样技术.     

加速器束流诊断技术的新进展

介绍了加速器柬流诊断技术的新进展,包括束流位置测量技术、束团横向尺寸测量技术和束团长度测量技术.柬流位置测量技术主要介绍具有高位置分辨率的腔型束流位置检测器和数字束流位置处理技术.束团尺寸测量技术主要介绍高空问分辨率的激光丝扫描器、光学渡越辐射和光学衍射辐射技术.束团长度测量技术主要介绍高时间分辨率的相干辐射光谱技术、RF横向偏转腔、RF零相位技术和电光采样技术.     

Recent Developments in Ion Mobility Spectrometry

Abstract

The general principles and technical implementations of traditional time-of-flight ion mobility spectrometers and analyzers with field-dependent mobilities were reviewed in our last article in this journal. Recent advances in instrumentation and new applications since 2006 are highlighted in this review. In addition to traditional applications as military chemical-agent detectors, ion mobility techniques have become popular for different purposes. Though ion mobility spectrometry was solely used as vapor sensor in the past decades, further developments in ionization techniques (especially electrospray ionization) now permit its routine use for the analysis of liquid samples. The coupling of ion mobility spectrometry with selective sample preparation techniques such as molecular-imprinted polymers, coupling with chromatographic techniques, the use of dopants, and application of selective ionization sources has led to an expanded number of applications in industrial and environmental analysis with complex sample matrices due to an improved selectivity in comparison with traditional stand-alone spectrometers. Furthermore, new developments in hyphenated techniques, especially ion mobility–mass spectrometry couplings, has resulted in an increased number of new applications for the analysis of biomolecules and pharmaceutical samples and in clinical diagnostics.     

Some Recent Developments in Twin-Fluid Atomization

The results of recent researches on twin-fluid atomization are briefly reviewed, with particular emphasis on the effects of air and liquid properties on mean drop size. It is stressed that no single equation for the mean drop sizes produced in twin-fluid atomization can satisfactorily correlate all the experimental data from any given atomizer. This is because for all types of atomizers the mechanism of liquid breakup changes from one basic mode to another with changes in atomizer operating conditions and/or liquid properties. These different modes of atomization exhibit different dependencies on atomizer dimensions and various physical properties such as liquid viscosity and air density. Equations for estimating the mean drop sizes produced in the various modes of twin-fluid atomization are presented and discussed.     

密度泛函理论的若干进步

密度泛函理论（ＤＦＴ）作为处理非均匀相互作用多粒子体系的近似方法已经在计算凝聚态物理、计算材料科学和计算量子化学诸多领域取得巨大成功并获得广泛应用。然而它也存在一些被广泛关注的弱点或困难。例如关于激发态问题,强关联问题和处理大原子数复杂体系方面的困难。本将针对ＤＦＴ在以上三方面的问题,评述近年来的主要努力和进展。着重量介绍最近发展的含时间密度泛函理论（ＴＤＦＴ）,它有可能发展成为处理激发态问题的标准方法。关于强电子关联体系的处理,主要介绍ＬＤＡ以外的新发展,包括ＬＤＡ＋＋方法和计及动力学平均场理论的ＬＤＡ＋ＤＭＦＴ方法。最后,评述ＤＦＴ框架内的线性标度Ｏｒｄｅｒ－Ｎ算法的物理基础和主要策略。该算法将在处理大原子数复杂体系问题上发挥重要作用。     

Recent Developments in Synchrotron Mössbauer Reflectometry

Hyperfine Interactions - Synchrotron Mössbauer Reflectometry (SMR), the grazing incidence nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation, can be applied to perform depth-selective phase...     

Recent Developments and Applications in Unbalanced Mangnetron Sputtering

Sputtering deposition is one of the most important processes in the vacuum coating, it is widely used in microeletronics industries, optical films, and metallurgical coatings industry et al. Sputtering deposition is, in the vacuum conditions, sputtered particles from the target material deposit on the substrate using energetic ions to bombard surface of target to form a film.     

Grain Boundary Migration in Metals: Recent Developments

Current research on grain boundary migration in metals is reviewed. For individual grain boundaries the dependence of grain boundary migration on misorientation and impurity content are addressed. Impurity drag theory, extended to include the interaction of adsorbed impurities in the boundary, reasonably accounts quantitatively for the observed concentration dependence of grain boundary mobility. For the first time an experimental study of triple junction motion is presented. The kinetics are quantitatively discussed in terms of a triple junction mobility. Their impact on the kinetics of microstructure evolution during grain growth is outlined.     

激光光钳在生物技术中的应用新进展

介绍了激光光钳在生物技术中的应用，阐述了应用机理并展望了进一步的发展。     

Review of Recent Developments in the Random-Field Ising Model

A lot of progress has been made recently in our understanding of the random-field Ising model thanks to large-scale numerical simulations. In particular, it has been shown that, contrary to previous statements: the critical exponents for different probability distributions of the random fields and for diluted antiferromagnets in a field are the same. Therefore, critical universality, which is a perturbative renormalization-group prediction, holds beyond the validity regime of perturbation theory. Most notably, dimensional reduction is restored at five dimensions, i.e., the exponents of the random-field Ising model at five dimensions and those of the pure Ising ferromagnet at three dimensions are the same.     

石墨烯带隙的调控及其研究进展

石墨烯是一种单原子层的二维材料,因其独特的晶格结构而具备十分优越的性能,引起了 科学家的广泛关注。但因其价带与导带相交于狄拉克点,导致石墨烯为没有带隙的半金属,限 制了其在纳电子学器件中的应用。为了打开石墨烯的带隙,研究者们付出了巨大的努力。在石 墨烯中引入带隙的方法包括量子限制法、掺杂法和对称性破缺法,它们分别是将电子限制在一维 的石墨烯纳米带中、对石墨烯进行n-型或p-型掺杂以及在双层石墨烯的垂直方向施加外加电场 使双层石墨烯的对称性破缺。本文着重介绍石墨烯纳米带的合成法、石墨烯掺杂的种类和打破 双层石墨烯对称性的方法。     

TeV能区物理的进展

综述近年各种TeV能量对撞机的计划和建造情况,TeV能区物理的理论研究进展和TeV能区物理的发展前景.     

核少体问题研究进展简况

本文概要介绍了近几年来国防上关于核少体问题研究方面的进展状况及新动向． The current status and progress are outlined in few-body nuclear physics research. Latest trends in this field are reviewed as well.     

Recent Developments and Trends in the Production of Radioisotopes in Hungary

The development of radioactive products in Hungary is discussed with special emphasis on sealed sources and radiopharmaceuticals. In case of the latter the increasing role of radioimmunoassay is stressed and the main trends in research and development are dealt with.     

稀土掺杂氧化物纳米发光材料研究

综述了稀土掺杂纳米发光材料方面的研究进展;主要介绍稀土掺杂氧化物纳米晶与体相材料相比所具有的一些特有的光谱学性质,包括光谱的移动与谱线的展宽、4fN电子的跃迁与弛豫过程、表面局域环境和格位对称性、电子-声子耦合、能量传递、浓度猝灭、温度猝灭以及光诱导发光强度变化等光谱现象,同时也探寻了其中的物理实质。主要对上转换纳米发光材料和一维纳米线/管的发光性质进行了介绍。     

Few-Body Physics in Chiral Effective Field Theory: Recent Developments

Chiral effective field theory provides a systematic tool to study few-nucleon dynamics based on the approximate and spontaneously broken chiral symmetry of QCD. I discuss applications of this method to nuclear forces and few-nucleon dynamics. Various related topics including recent advances in nuclear lattice simulations are also addressed.