Characterization of 4Hben SiC substrates and epilayers by Fourier transform infrared reflectance spectroscopy

The infrared reflectance spectra of both 4H-SiC substrates and epilayers are measured in a wave number range from 400 cm^-1 to 4000 cm^-1 using a Fourier-transform spectrometer. The thicknesses of the 4H-SiC epilayers and the electrical properties, including the free-carrier concentrations and the mobilities of both the 4H-SiC substrates and the epilayers, are characterized through full line-shape fitting analyses. The correlations of the theoretical spectral profiles with the 4H-SiC electrical properties in the 30 cm^-1-4000 cm^-1 and 400 cm^-1-4000 cm^-1 spectral regions are established by introducing a parameter defined as error quadratic sum. It is indicated that their correlations become stronger at a higher carrier concentration and in a wider spectral region (30 cm^-1-4000 cm^-1). These results suggest that the infrared reflectance technique can be used to accurately determine the thicknesses of the epilayers and the carrier concentrations, and the mobilities of both lightly and heavily doped 4H-SiC wafers.     

几种不同产地高岭土的漫反射傅里叶红外光谱分析

分别采用压片法与漫反射法测得几种不同产地高岭土的红外吸收谱图,解析了各高岭土的结构特征与吸收峰值的关系,发现利用漫反射傅里叶红外光谱技术,经K-M函数校正的红外谱图较压片法灵敏度高,也更准确,解析更简单;依据对高频区3700～3600cm-1波数段高岭石OH基特征吸收峰的吸收情况,可快速判断高岭石结晶度,结果与X射线衍射技术所测Hinckley指数(Hi)一致。     

近红外光谱法快速测定羊草干草品质的研究

试验共采集我国北方不同区域、不同生育期、不同干燥方式的羊草干草150份,利用近红外漫反射光谱(NIRS)技术,采用偏最小二乘回归算法(PLS),在国内首次建立了适配范围广的羊草干草的粗蛋白(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的校正模型,并对模型的预测能力进行了验证.结果表明,所建模型的预测结果与常规...     

Predicting the contents of polysaccharides and its monosugars in Dendrobium huoshanense by partial least squares regression model using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

An attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method combined with partial least square regression was established to rapidly quantify the total polysaccharide and its major monosugars in Dendrobium huoshanense. The results showed that the optimal predictive methods were the models established by the infrared spectroscopy files pretreated by standard normal transformation combined with the second derivative; the accuracy of the models selecting wavelength regions based on the assignments of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy signals of polysaccharide was obviously higher than the models selecting wavelength regions suggested by Thermofisher Quantity Analyst software and other possible wavelength region selecting modes. The external validation and the complete external validation confirmed the robustness and reliability of the developed attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared model. Our study might provide an efficient technique tool for the rapid, green, low-cost, and nondestructive quantification of the total polysaccharide and the main monosaccharides in Dendrobium huoshanense and other rich-in-polysaccharide plant food or medicines.     

Temperature-dependent characteristics of 4H-SiC junction barrier Schottky diodes

The current-voltage characteristics of 4H-SiC junction barrier Schottky(JBS) diodes terminated by an offset field plate have been measured in the temperature range of 25-300 C.An experimental barrier height value of about 0.5 eV is obtained for the Ti/4H-SiC JBS diodes at room temperature.A decrease in the experimental barrier height and an increase in the ideality factor with decreasing temperature are shown.Reverse recovery testing also shows the temperature dependence of the peak recovery current density and the reverse recovery time.Finally,a discussion of reducing the reverse recovery time is presented.     

牛肉化学成分的近红外光谱检测方法的研究

通过对整块牛肉和肉馅样品进行扫谱,测定其脂肪、蛋白和水分含量,采用国产 SupNIR-1000 近红外光谱仪,运用人工神经网络(ANN)分别建立肉馅和整块牛肉的脂肪、蛋白和水分的模型.肉馅样品的脂肪模型校正相关系数为0.971、预测相关系数为0.972;蛋白的校正相关系数为0.952、预测相关系数为0.949;水分的校...     

Characterization of deep level defects in sublimation grown p-type 6H-SiC epilayers by deep level transient spectroscopy

In this study deep level transient spectroscopy has been performed on boron–nitrogen co-doped 6H-SiC epilayers exhibiting p-type conductivity with free carrier concentration (N_A–N_D)∼3×10¹⁷ cm⁻³. We observed a hole H₁ majority carrier and an electron E₁ minority carrier traps in the device having activation energies E_v+0.24 eV, E_c −0.41 eV, respectively. The capture cross-section and trap concentration of H₁ and E₁ levels were found to be (5×10⁻¹⁹ cm², 2×10¹⁵ cm⁻³) and (1.6×10⁻¹⁶ cm², 3×10¹⁵ cm⁻³), respectively. Owing to the background involvement of aluminum in growth reactor and comparison of the obtained data with the literature, the H₁ defect was identified as aluminum acceptor. A reasonable justification has been given to correlate the E₁ defect to a nitrogen donor.     

Optical detection of wound infection in vivo by near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Detection of bacterial infection is important for deciding optimal treatment and management for wound. In the paper, near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy is proposed for detection wound infection in vivo with optical properties. A porcine model is used as experimental subject in the detection of wound infection. The spectrally resolved data of the wounds are analyzed to extract the optical properties including reduced scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient. Based on optical properties, an ensemble model of chain-like agent genetic optimized Support Vector Machine is applied to discriminate wound infection. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the method for rapid and noninvasive detection of wound infection using optical properties.     

肉苁蓉醇提物的傅里叶变换红外光谱三级鉴定

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱结合二阶导数谱和二维相关红外光谱的三级鉴定技术对肉苁蓉的不同浓度醇提物药液和相应的药渣由表及里地进行了分析与评价研究.结果表明,用乙醇提取肉苁蓉活性成分的加工过程使苯乙醇苷类等活性物质在红外光谱上得以明显体现,并发现70％乙醇提取物中苯乙醇苷类等物质均高于其他浓度提取物.该技术从整体上揭示了乙醇萃...     

应用红外光谱技术鉴别中药麝香的真伪

采用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱法并结合二阶导数技术,测定了中药天然麝香及其伪品的红外光谱.结果表明:天然麝香的主要特征峰为3 284,2 923,2 851,1 655,1 546,1 400,1 038 cm-1等吸收峰,分别代表蛋白质、大环酮类和甾体类等主要成分;与天然麝香相比,麝香伪品的红外光谱的吸收的位置和强度有明显差异,可被容易区分;天然麝香、市售麝香及人工麝香的谱图相似性较高,尤其是人工麝香与天然麝香极其相似,难以区分;采用傅里叶二阶导数谱,提高了谱图分辨率,可直观有效地鉴别正品麝香.该方法具有快速、灵敏、直观、无损等特点,可为名贵药材的来源与真伪鉴别提供了新的手段.     

九州虫草不同部位的红外光谱分析与评价

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、二阶导数谱首次对九州虫草不同部位进行了分析及评价研究。结果表明,九州虫草含有蛋白、多糖、核苷、脂类等活性成分,各部位的一维谱图相似度较高,人工子座与培养基之间的相似度高达0.992 7,野生子座与虫体的差异则较为明显,二者相似系数为0.949 9。二阶导数谱进一步丰富和确认了相应谱峰特征,证明了活性物质虫草素及腺苷的存在,提示了虫草多糖α-型和β-型糖苷键的存在。红外光谱图综合反映了虫草不同部位化学成分的多样性和复杂性,为虫草各部位的细微差异分析和评价及后期质控提供了快速、全面和客观的方法和手段,为九州虫草种质资源的开发利用提供了理论基础。     

Investigation of the manganese stress on wheat plant by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

ABSTRACT

The present paper deals with the investigation of the changes in chemical contents of the leaf of wheat seedling stressed by excess manganese using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technique. The infrared spectra of the leaves of control and manganese-treated wheat plants have been recorded in the spectral region 485–4000?cm^?1 at a resolution of 4?cm^?1. The recorded spectrum has been analyzed with the help of curve-fitting method for the quantitative estimation of chemical contents and conformational changes. The study indicated changes arising in the polysaccharide, lignin, amino acid, secondary structure of protein, and lipid in the leaves of control and manganese-treated wheat plants. Manganese treatment increased the amount of cellulose, lignin, and amide II till 200?μM concentration, while a decrease was observed at 1000?µM concentration. Manganese induced conformational changes in the secondary structure of protein which was indicated by shifting of the bands to the higher wavenumber and change in the β sheet/α helix ratio. In addition, manganese stress decreased lipid content in the leaves of the wheat seedlings. The study demonstrates the potential of attenuated total reflectance FTIR for the non-invasive and rapid monitoring of the plants stressed with heavy metals.     

近红外光谱法测定PDA中残留丙烯酰胺含量

选取38份实验室自制二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵与丙烯酰胺的共聚物(PDA)为样品,用紫外光谱法对PDA中残留丙烯酰胺(AM)含量进行测定,并进行近红外光谱扫描,在图谱中选取七个波段,将每个波段的特征峰作为自变量,吸收峰作为因变量,采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)的数学转换方法建立近红外反射光谱(NIRS)定标模型,采用小波分析对光谱进行降噪处理,建立PDA中残留AM含量的近红外预测模型,并将预测值与紫外光谱法测定值进行比较,其外部验证决定系数达到0.99,预测分布趋势良好,对预测值与实测值进行t检验,结果显示预测值与实测值差异不显著。试验结果表明,采用近红外光谱数据建立的定标模型预测PDA中残留AM单体含量具有较高可行性。     

氟化类金刚石薄膜的拉曼和红外光谱结构研究

关键词：     

Time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy: Application to pulsed discharges

Time-resolved Fourier transform spectroscopy (TR-FTS) is reviewed, with emphasis on synchronous FTS using continuously scanning interferometers. By using a high-resolution Bruker IFS 120 HR, a TR-FTS method has been developed with the help of a microcontroller SX, where a maximum of 64 time-resolved data are recorded with a preset time interval in a single scan of the interferometer. The time resolution is 1 μs, limited by the response time of the detector system used. This method has been applied to a pulsed discharge in an Ar and H₂ mixture to observe time profiles of ArH⁺ and ArH emission spectra. Electronic transitions of He₂ have been observed in the infrared region with this method, and from the time profiles, He₂ in Rydberg states with higher energy than the b³Π state is found to be produced efficiently in afterglow plasma. Fifteen bands in the 2300-8000 cm⁻¹ region have been assigned by using previously reported data from the optical region. A new band from the 5f state has been assigned for the first time through the 5f-4d band in the 2600 cm⁻¹ region.     

近红外反射光谱法测定PDA阳离子度的研究

以37份实验室自制二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵与丙烯酰胺的共聚物(PDA)为样品,用沉淀滴定法对PDA阳离子度进行测定,并进行近红外光谱扫描,分别采用特征峰和全波谱段作为输入层神经元,采用RBF神经网络的数学转换方法建立近红外反射光谱(NIRS)定标模型,采用小波分析对光谱进行降噪预处理,建立PDA阳离子度的近红外预测模型,并将预测值与沉淀滴定法测定值进行比较,其外部验证决定系数大于0.90,预测分布趋势良好,对预测值与实测值进行t检验,结果显示预测值与实测值差异不显著。结果表明,采用近红外光谱数据建立的定标模型预测PDA阳离子度具有较高可行性。     

红外光谱用于大肠肿瘤诊断的初步研究

探索红外光谱诊断大肠肿瘤性质的可行性。联合使用衰减全反射探头与傅里叶变换红外光谱仪测定新鲜离体大肠18个癌组织和10个良性腺瘤的红外光谱,将两组光谱的峰位及相对峰强等指标进行比较。与良性腺瘤相比,大肠癌的红外光谱具有如下特征:(1)与脂类相关的谱带2 925和1 740cm-1峰强比I2 925/I1 460(p=0.018)和I1 740/I1 460(p=0.009)明显降低,表明癌组织的脂类相对含量降低;(2)与蛋白质相关峰强比值I3 375/I1 460(p=0.012)和I1 550/I1 460(p=0.041)明显升高,表明蛋白质相对含量明显升高;(3)与核酸相关的1 080cm-1处峰位发生明显的蓝移(p=0.039),峰强比I1 080/I1 460明显升高(p=0.036),说明癌组织中核酸相对脂类含量明显增加;(4)谱带1 305cm-1处峰位发生明显的红移(p=0.041),其指认有待进一步研究。初步研究结果表明,傅里叶变换红外光谱分析可能成为一种快速鉴别大肠肿瘤性质的新方法。     

Remote measurement of volcanic gases by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Received: 25 March 1998     

Detection of lethal fake liquors using digitally labelled gas-phase Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

Fake liquors have caused severe body injuries or even deaths worldwide, rapid detection of such lethal drinks is thus quite necessary. Methanol has been identified as a primary cause of the problem, so methanol monitoring is critical to the detection of fake liquors. The present work provides an effective strategy for rapid detection of different lethal fake liquors. Using gas-phase Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in a digitally labeled approach, the spectral bands of methanol were extracted by the iterative discrete wavelet transform for classification, which is named as digitally labeled gas-phase Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In digitally labeled gas-phase Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, principal component analysis and least square support vector machine were combined to discriminate problematic samples using the iterative discrete wavelet transform filtered signals. As a result, the method could cleverly extract spectral features of methanol from the alcoholic drinks in the presence of uncontrolled matrix effects. The recognition accuracy was higher than 97.0%, and each measurement was done within 3?min. The results illustrate that the digitally labeled gas-phase Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method serves well to rapidly discriminate fake liquors as an efficient and promising tool, and could be well extended to detection of any other targeted volatile substance in complicated systems.     

稻米色氨酸含量近红外反射光谱全局和局部飞速定标技术研究

色氨酸是人类一种必需氨基酸,也是稻米中一种重要的限制性氨基酸。从4年份1256份材料中选择出272份有代表性的样品,采用碱水解-分光光度法测定了其色氨酸含量。比较不同定标方法的预测结果发现,运用改良的偏最小二乘法(modified partial least square,MPLS)的全局(Global)定标方法和局部(Lo-cal)飞速定标方法的预测效果较佳,基于精米粉光谱建立的方程的预测标准误差均为0.007%,外部验证决定系数分别为87.1%和87.4%,可用于定量分析;而基于糙米光谱建立的定标方程的预测效果略差,但仍具有良好的预测能力。研究结果表明,近红外光谱技术可作为水稻育种中间材料的快速筛选和食品工业中稻米原料的品质监控手段。