湍流大气中高斯谢尔光束的波前位错

在Rytov近似下,通过引入短期统计平均位错位置的概念,研究了高斯谢尔光束通过近地面弱湍流大气传播时,波前圆形位错形成和位错位置与湍流大气起伏强度和传播距离等参数间的关系.基于湍流大气中平行和交叉双光束的简化近似传输模型,研究了湍流大气中传播高斯谢尔光束波前位错位置与大气湍流强度、传输距离等参数间的相关机制.在远小于光波位相起伏周期的条件下,分别得出了束径不同同轴双光束和交叉双光束传播情况下波前圆位错位置的湍流系综统计平均理论关系.所得结果表明,同轴平行光束干涉和交叉光束干涉所产生的光束波前位错受大气湍流强度、传输距离等参数调制的规律是不同的.     

湍流路径积分参量与湍流大气中光的传播效应

根据光波在湍流大气中传播的理论分析了弱起伏条件下决定光波传播效应的折射率结构常数Ｃ＾２ｎ的各种路径积分参量之间的关系，导出了由光波的强度起伏所确定的等效折射率结构常数对计算大气相干长度与光波的到达角起伏，光束的扩展及漂移的相对偏差的表达式。针对折射率结构常数Ｃ＾２ｎ具有周期性，递减，递增和随     

空间相位调制对光伏孤子传播的影响

利用空间相位调制技术控制高斯光束在光伏晶体中的传播.数值分析结果表明，适当地选择各调制参数，可以使光束以类孤子的形式传播，或使光束发生自偏转、分束、发散.还进一步就中心光强、半高全宽的大小对相位调制的影响作了定性的分析. 关键词： 空间光学孤子 空间相位调制 光开关 光偏转 光分束     

二元计算全息法产生复杂无衍射光束

无衍射光束是一种能在自由空间稳定传输的光束。近来,一类具有复杂光学形态的无衍射光束被引入,比如马蒂厄光束、抛物光束、非对称贝塞尔光束等。为了产生具有复杂结构的无衍射光束,需要对光波进行复振幅调制,即同时调制光波的振幅和相位。但目前的商用光学调制元件只能调制光波的振幅或相位。本文基于二元计算全息法,编码二维复透过率函数分布,构建了具有复振幅调制功能的二元实振幅非负计算全息图。利用实验室自主研发的投影成像光刻系统,对银盐干板进行曝光处理,经显影、定影处理,将其加工为相应的振幅掩模板,用来产生精确的具有复杂结构的无衍射光束。以无衍射马蒂厄光束为例,采用罗曼型迂回相位编码方法,在全息图每个抽样单元内开一个矩形通光孔径,通过改变通光孔径的面积来对复值光波的振幅进行编码,通过改变通光孔径中心偏离抽样单元中心的距离,来对复值光波的相位进行编码。最终构建了两种产生马蒂厄光束的典型二元实振幅计算全息图,其像素数高达28 000 pixel×28 000 pixel。之后利用加工好的振幅掩模板,准确、方便、高效地产生了的椭圆系数q=10,拓扑荷数m=0与m=1的第一种偶型马蒂厄光束,其他类型的马蒂厄光束可相应产生,这是一种光束形态多样、光束结构复杂的无衍射光束。实验结果证实,采用罗曼型迂回相位编码方法产生具有复杂结构的无衍射光束,有效避免了实验过程中分离的相位调制元件和振幅调制元件之间的对准误差,二元计算全息编码法是一种能用来调控产生复杂结构无衍射光束的新途径。     

光波场中多边位错向螺旋位错的转化

实验研究及理论分析了光波场中边位错向螺旋位错的转化行为. 设计了围绕中心沿角向周期排列的多边位错相位结构,实验上通过计算全息图法研究了其对高斯光束的调制作用以及调制光束的传播特性. 结果表明,随着调制光束逐渐演化为类涡旋光束,多边位错结构可以转化为螺旋位错,且位错结构的总相位变化守恒. 结合光场的线动量密度图详细分析了该演化过程,并进一步讨论了多边位错结构中的相位突变值对螺旋位错转化的影响,给出了决定螺旋位错拓扑荷值的定量关系式. 关键词： 边位错 螺旋位错 涡旋光束 拓扑荷     

罗森莫尔斯势宇称时间对称波导中的孤子

本文基于光波在宇称时间对称波导中传输的理论模型，数值研究各阶亮孤子在罗森莫尔斯势宇称时间对称波导中的传输特性。宇称时间对称波导的折射率分布对光具有线性聚焦作用，而增益/损耗分布可以引起光束能量的横向流动。研究结果表明：当折射率调制深度为正时，一阶亮孤子在该波导中传输形成波浪形光束。当折射率调制深度为负时，一阶亮孤子分裂形成两束光，一束光发生弥散，另一束光以一定的速度向前传输，而增益/损耗调制深度会影响分裂后光束的传输行为；二阶亮孤子在较低的增益/损耗调制深度下传输形成稳定的呼吸光束；三阶亮孤子在传输过程中出现光波周期分裂与会聚现象；四阶及其以上高阶亮孤子在该波导中都不能稳定传输。此研究结果可为宇称时间对称在光波导中的应用提供一定的理论依据。     

晶体损耗对高斯光束孤波演化特性的影响

研究了晶体损耗对高斯光束在光伏光折变量晶体中孤波演化特性的影响。结果表明，对于给定的高斯光呸和光伏光折变晶体，损耗将造成入射高斯光束传播时振幅和横截面的不断变化，长距离传播时将最终造成入射波的发散。损耗对强失配和弱失配的入射高斯波所造成的影响不同。弱失配时，光波横截面随传播距离增大而不断扩大，振幅随传播距离单调下降；强失配时，横截面先压缩后膨胀，光波中心振动幅则经历先下降后增大，再下降的过程。同时我们还发现，在不定期一条件下，晶体损耗能使振幅失配的高斯光束演化成匹配的高斯光束，并最终学化成稳定的明孤波。     

高速流场对光传输特性的影响

利用一座小型跨超声速风洞进行了高速流场光传输特性试验研究。光束在高速流场中传输时,由于流场密度变化,光波波前会发生畸变。利用风洞提供0.7,2.0和3.0等气流马赫数的流场条件,采用基于夏克-哈特曼波前传感器的光学测量系统,对光束在风洞流场中传输时的波前畸变进行了测量。试验结果表明:随着风洞流场马赫数增加,流场对光波传播的影响增大,光波波前畸变量显著提高。因此,在利用风洞进行气动光学试验研究之前,有必要消除风洞流场本身对光波传输的严重干扰。     

基于黄金分割法改进反馈波前整形技术实现散射光的聚焦

通过对入射光束的相位进行调控,可以将激光经过散射介质的散斑调制为聚焦光斑。提出了基于黄金分割法改进反馈波前整形技术的方法,实现了光束经散射介质的聚焦。理论分析了黄金分割法相比现有的顺序算法在搜索单峰函数极大值时的优势,并对散射聚焦过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明,当改变总调制单元数和单个调制单元的相位调制精度时,采用黄金分割法调制相位相比于顺序算法,在调制速度上具有一定优势。     

基于黄金分割法改进反馈波前整形技术实现散射光的聚焦EI北大核心CSCD

通过对入射光束的相位进行调控,可以将激光经过散射介质的散斑调制为聚焦光斑。提出了基于黄金分割法改进反馈波前整形技术的方法,实现了光束经散射介质的聚焦。理论分析了黄金分割法相比现有的顺序算法在搜索单峰函数极大值时的优势,并对散射聚焦过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明,当改变总调制单元数和单个调制单元的相位调制精度时,采用黄金分割法调制相位相比于顺序算法,在调制速度上具有一定优势。     

Compact and self-aligned all-optical image correlator based on third-harmonic generation

We demonstrate a compact optical correlator using a diffractive optical element (DOE) beam splitter for 2D optical image processing. Image frequency conversion and correlation are demonstrated using third-harmonic generation (THG) in an organic film with a 1550 nm femtosecond laser. Spatial and temporal alignment of the femtosecond pulses are obtained by imaging the DOE onto the organic film.     

Creation of a three-dimensional optical chain for controllable particle delivery

We propose a design for producing a conveyable quasi-periodic optical chain that can stably trap and deliver multiple individual particles in three dimensions at different planes near the focus. A diffractive optical element (DOE) is designed to spatially modulate the phase of an incoming radially polarized beam. For a tighly focused beam, a three-dimensional (3D) optical chain can be formed because of the difference in the Gouy phase shift from two concentric regions of the DOE. A desired number of particles can be stably tweezed one by one with individual 3D volumes in this trapping structure. By controlling the phase modulation of the incident beam, one can manipulate the interference pattern to accelerate and transport trapped particles along the optical axis in a prescribed way.     

Sub wavelength multiple focal spot generation of high NA objective lens using diffractive optical element

In this article, based on the vector diffraction theory, the effect of specially designed phase modulating optical element by means of an incident tightly focused azimuthally polarized Bessel Gaussian beam in the focal region of high NA lens is investigated numerically. It is observed, that a specially designed diffractive optical modulation element (DOE) can generate multiple focal spot segment of transversely polarized in the focal region by controlling the angles of DOE. Such kind of sub wavelength transversely polarized focal spots segment may find wide applications in multiple optical traps and optical manipulation technology.     

Iterative calculation, manufacture and investigation of DOE forming unimodal complex distribution

We present results of iterative calculation, manufacture and experimental as well as theoretical investigations of a novel diffractive optical element (DOE) which transforms a Gaussian TEM₀₀ input beam into a unimodal Gauss–Hermite (1, 0) complex distribution. The iterative calculation procedure is based on the application of the method of generalized projections. The projection operator onto a set of modal functions is implemented through partition of the focal plane into a ‘useful’ and an ‘auxiliary’ domain. This element is manufactured as a 16 level surface profile by (variable dose) electron-beam direct-writing into a PMMA resist film, and a subsequent development procedure of the resist. The final element consists of a fused-silica substrate coated with the structured PMMA film. Both computational and experimental results are presented and demonstrate a good conformity with each other. The achieved results show good prospects of such an approach for the formation of unimodal distributions.     

光谱色散匀滑技术对衍射光学器件束匀滑性能的影响

 模拟分析了光谱色散匀滑技术对衍射光学器件束匀滑性能的影响。光谱色散匀滑技术的使用提高了衍射光学器件的抗波前畸变能力，降低了对加工精度的高要求。光谱色散匀滑技术与衍射光学器件的联用有望满足惯性约束聚变对束匀滑性能的高要求。     

投影光刻离轴照明用衍射光学元件的矢量分析

使用衍射光学元件(DOE)作为投影光刻照明系统实现离轴照明(OAI)的光束整形匀光器件,能够在保持较高照明效率的基础上精确控制OAI光束的形状及光强分布.在矢量角谱传输方法的基础上,建立了投影光刻用DOE的矢量分析模型,并对标量方法设计的DOE在偏振照明情况下的匀光与整形性能进行了分析.分析结果表明DOE在大角度衍射、...     

Design and verification of diffractive optical elements for speckle generation of 3-D range sensors

The optical projection using speckles is one of the structured light methods that have been applied to three-dimensional (3-D) range sensors. This paper investigates the design and fabrication of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) for generating the light field with uniformly distributed speckles. Based on the principles of computer generated holograms, the iterative Fourier transform algorithm was adopted for the DOE design. It was used to calculate the phase map for diffracting the incident laser beam into a goal pattern with distributed speckles. Four patterns were designed in the study. Their phase maps were first examined by a spatial light modulator and then fabricated on glass substrates by microfabrication processes. Finally, the diffraction characteristics of the fabricated devices were verified. The experimental results show that the proposed methods are applicable to the DOE design of 3-D range sensors. Furthermore, any expected diffraction area and speckle density could be possibly achieved according to the relations presented in the paper.     

DESIGNING A DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENT FOR CONTROLLING THE BEAM PROFILE IN A THREE-DIMENSIONAL SPACE USING THE SIMULATED ANNEALING ALGORITHM

We have designed a spatially quantized diffractive optical element (DOE) for controlling the beam profile in a three-dimensional space with the help of the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm. In this paper, we investigate the annealing schedule and the neighbourhood which are the deterministic parameters of the process that warrant the quality of the SA algorithm. The algorithm is employed to solve the discrete stochastic optimization problem of the design of a DOE. The objective function which constrains the optimization is also studied. The computed results demonstrate that the procedure of the algorithm converges stably to an optimal solution close to the global optimum with an acceptable computing time. The results meet the design requirement well and are applicable.     

Gradient-Based Blind Deconvolution with Phase Spectral Constraints

This paper proposes a new blind deconvolution method with additional phase spectral constraints for a blurred image. A degradation of an original image is mathematically modeled by a convolution of an original image and a point-spread function (PSF). The proposed method consists of the following three steps: (i) projection onto a complex set satisfying the phase spectral constraint in a frequency space; (ii) minimization of a cost function preserving the constrained phase spectra; and (iii) projection onto an image space satisfying nonnegative and support constraints. This method restores both the original image and the PSF with high accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by applying it to some blind deconvolution problems for digital images, and the experimental results show that the performance is superior to the conventional blind deconvolution methods.     

Diffractive-optics-based beam combination of a phase-locked fiber laser array

A diffractive optical element (DOE) is used as a beam combiner for an actively phase-locked array of fiber lasers. Use of a DOE eliminates the far-field sidelobes and the accompanying loss of beam quality typically observed in tiled coherent laser arrays. Using this technique, we demonstrated coherent combination of five fiber lasers with 91% efficiency and M2=1.04. Combination efficiency and phase locking is robust even with large amplitude and phase fluctuations on the input laser array elements. Calculations and power handling measurements suggest that this approach can scale to both high channel counts and high powers.