钙钛矿型固体氧化物燃料电池阳极材料

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)作为一种高效、洁净的化学电源已经受到各国的重视.钙钛矿型复合氧化物由于其较高的混合导电性和对燃料气较好的催化活性及超强抗积碳能力而越来越被广泛地应用于直接烃类SOFCs的阳极材料中.本文对钙钛矿型固体氧化物燃料电池阳极材料的最新研究进展进行了较为全面的综述,从阳极的设计要求出发,着重比较了LaCrO3系列、SrTiO3系列和双钙钛矿等阳极材料的稳定性、电导率以及电催化活性,指出了其不足,并对其应用前景进行了展望.     

《固体氧化物燃料电池新型材料》

本书主要结合国内外固体氧化物燃料电池材料的研究进展,探讨钙钛矿型复合氧化物电解质材料、阴极材料和阳极材料及其组成单电池的制备工艺和性能,以期对固体氧化物燃料电池技术的研究有所推动。可供从事固体氧化物燃料电池和新材料研究与开发的科研人员、企事业单位的技术人员和管理人员阅读,也可供能源、化学、材料等相关专业教师     

直接氨固体氧化物燃料电池

塑性挤压成型阳极支撑管,采用真空浸涂法在阳极表面制备了均一、致密的氧化钇稳定的氧化锆电解质层,然后在电解质表面刷涂上阴极层,成功制备了阳极支撑型管状固体氧化物燃料电池.分别以氢气和氨气为燃料,考察了该管状固体氧化物燃料电池的电池性能.在800℃操作时,以氢气和氨气为燃料的电池最大输出功率密度分别为202和200 mW/cm2.表明氨气可以作为固体氧化物燃料电池的替代燃料.     

固体氧化物燃料电池关键材料及电池堆技术

本文综述了固体氧化物燃料电池的关键材料--电解质、阴极以及阳极材料,总结了目前的研究现状以及今后的发展趋势,阐明了各种材料的作用与意义.按照不同类别比较了各关键材料的优缺点,以及改进各种关键材料的方法与途径,为提高电池各个组件的性能,从而提高固体氧化物燃料电池的整体性能,即电池堆的性能提供参考.另外,本文对中科院上海硅...     

h2s固体氧化物燃料电池脱硫特性

固体氧化物燃料电池;硫化氢;质子传导;电解质;阳极     

SOFC阴极材料LSM的合成及性能研究

分别采用固相法、甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法和溶胶-凝胶法制备了固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料La0.8Sr0.2MnO3(LSM)。将合成的粉体在不同的温度下烧结,并通过XRD确定粉末成相最低烧结温度为900℃;利用扫描电镜(SEM)对合成的粉体进行微观结构的观察和分析;采用Van-der Pauw四电极法测量片状阴极的直流电阻进而计算电导率;采用三电极法研究LSM阴极材料的电化学性能;结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法制备的LSM阴极与电解质的界面阻抗最小。同时,将3种方法制备的LSM应用到多孔阳极支撑型的固体氧化物燃料电池上,制备成全电池,并采用四电极法对全电池的输出性能进行测试分析,结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法制备的LSM阴极材料电化学性能良好,最大输出功率密度达317mW.cm-2。因此,溶胶-凝胶法合成的LSM粉末能够有效满足固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料的要求。     

单气室固体氧化物燃料电池关键材料与微堆系统

单气室固体氧化物燃料电池(SC-SOFC)是一种与传统的双气室结构燃料电池不同的新型燃料电池.SC-SOFC的阴极和阳极都暴露在单一气室中,在工作时通入含有燃料和氧化剂的混合气体,利用阳极和阴极的选择催化作用实现发电.SC-SOFC具有结构简单、无需密封、易于进行堆叠等很多独特的优点.本文介绍了SC-SOFC近期的研究...     

CeO_2/RP-PSCFM@CoFe阳极材料用于质子导体乙烷燃料电池共生乙烯和电能（英文）

固体氧化物燃料电池钙钛矿阳极材料可以通过改性获得优异的催化活性,低的极化阻抗和稳定的抗积炭能力。在此,以立方相钙钛矿Pr_(0.4)Sr_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.7)Mo_(0.1)O_(3-δ)作为阳极前驱体,然后将CeO_2成功地浸渍到阳极的多孔结构中。通过原位还原技术获得了纳米合金粒子负载钙钛矿基底的复合阳极用于质子导体乙烷固体氧化物燃料电池。在氢气和乙烷气氛中,750℃时,燃料电池峰值功率密度分别达到253和183 m W·cm~(-2)。而且,在十小时的测试中燃料电池性能没有衰减反而电流密度随着时间的延长而增加,表明CeO_2浸渍表现出优异的催化活性和抗积炭稳定性。同时,通过产物分析,乙烯的产率从650℃下的23.52%增加到750℃下的34.09%,并且乙烯选择性超过94%。因此改性的阳极通过析出的纳米颗粒与CeO_2的协同作用,促进了燃料电池电极的催化活性和稳定性,将其运用到质子导体固体氧化物乙烷燃料电池中成功实现了乙烯与电能的共生。     

阳极支撑型单气室固体氧化物燃料电池的性能

 使用浆料旋涂法制备了致密氧化钇稳定的氧化锆电解质薄膜,进而组装成阳极支撑型单气室固体氧化物燃料电池. 该电池在CH4, N2和O2混合气氛下运行,可产生很高的输出性能. 在700 ℃时开路电压达到1 V, 最大功率密度达到398 mW/cm2. 在开路状态下,电池的欧姆电阻为0.097 Ω·cm2, 仅为电极阻抗的6.4%, 远小于电极极化电阻. 通过优化电极材料,阳极支撑型单气室固体氧化物燃料电池将具有更优异的输出性能和更广阔的应用前景.     

双钙钛矿型电极材料在中低温固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用

近年来固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)由于高效率(高达80%)、环境友好和燃料适用广泛等优点得到了人们的广泛关注。但是,由于其通常需要1000 ℃以上的工作温度才能达到所需的性能,其商业化及产业化应用受到了严重制约。中低温固体氧化物燃料电池(IT-SOFCs)的研发是固体氧化物燃料电池进一步商业化的必然趋势。降低工作温度(从高温1000 ℃以上降低至中低温500~800 ℃)可提高燃料电池的稳定性、降低电池运行成本、增加系统材料可选性,而研发出中低温下性能优异的燃料电池电极材料是实现固体氧化物燃料电池中低温化的关键。作为混合离子-电子导体材料之一,双钙钛矿型氧化物材料可以成功地将燃料反应活性区域从传统的电极-电解质-反应气体三相界面扩展到整个电极的表面, 进而降低材料的极化电阻并大大提高电极在中低温条件下对氧的催化活性。由于双钙钛矿结构材料良好的氧离子传输能力、较低的热膨胀系数、优异的催化活性、较强的抗硫中毒和抗碳沉积能力,近年来成为非常有发展潜力的SOFCs电极材料。本文综述双钙钛矿型氧化物材料作为SOFCs电极材料的最新研究进展,指出目前双钙钛矿电极材料存在的主要问题,并提出SOFCs未来的主要研究发展方向。     

锂离子电池纳米级负极材料的研究

综述了锂离子电池纳米级碳材料、锡基材料和合金材料近几年的研究成果及发展方向,探讨了该类材料目前存在的问题及解决的办法,对该类材料的发展趋势进行了展望.     

锂离子电池合金负极材料的研究进展

本文综述了锂离子电池合金负极材料的研究现状,对比了各种合金负极材料的制备方法,并指出了合金负极材料目前面临的主要问题及现有的解决方案,最后提出纳米锂合金复合物将是合金负极材料发展的最终出路.     

A novel Mo-based oxide β-SnMoO_4 as anode for lithium ion battery

Recently,the development of new electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has received intensive attention.As an important family of inorganic materials,mixed Mo-based transition metal oxides system is focused as anode materials.In the present work,a simple route has been adopted for the synthesis of layered-flake-likeβ-SnMo04 Nano-assemblies,which have been explored as potential anode materials for the first time in lithium-ion battery(LIB).Overall,the current reports on metal molybdate as anode materials are still rarely.As the anode material for LIBs,it was observed that the fabricated anode is capable of delivering a steady state capacity of almost 400 mAh/g up to 300 cycles under the influence of200 mA/g current density.Further,the anode material is suitable for use as a rated capacity anode because of its high current density tolerance.The present study can be further extended for the generation of a wide variety of other novel materials for multidisciplinary energy related applications.     

Recent progress on Ge oxide anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

正1 Introduction As environmental pollution continues to worsen,governments are increasing their efforts to develop green transport vehicles,such as electric vehicles and hybrid cars.Efficient energy storage and conversion systems are urgently needed     

钠离子电池用高性能锑基负极材料的调控策略研究进展

Na-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising alternatives for Li-ion batteries owing to the natural abundance of sodium resources and similar energy storage mechanisms. Although significant progress has been achieved in research on SIBs, there remain several challenges to be addressed. One of the major challenges in the construction of high-performance SIBs is the development of suitable anode materials with a large reversible capacity, high cycling stability, and good rate performance. Alloying anode materials mainly composed of elements from Groups IVA and VA, as well as their alloys, have attracted widespread attention because of their low working voltage, high cost-effectiveness, and large theoretical capacity. Alloying-type anode materials can be alloyed with metallic Na to achieve large reversible capacities, ensuring a high energy density. Antimony is a promising anode material for SIBs owing to its high theoretical specific capacity (660 mAh·g⁻¹, corresponding to the full sodiation Na₃Sb alloy), small degree of electrode polarization (~0.25 V), appropriate Na⁺ deintercalation potential (0.5–0.75 V), low price, and environmental friendliness. However, an important challenge for using Sb-based anode materials is that the high specific capacity is accompanied by large volume changes during cycling. Such changes lead to the pulverization of the active materials and their falling off from the collector, which significantly limit their large-scale application in the field of sodium-ion batteries. Therefore, mitigating the volume expansion issue of Sb-based anode materials in the charge-discharge process is very important for the design of high-performance SIBs. In recent years, researchers have attempted to address this issue by designing special structures to prepare various composites, and substantial progress has been achieved in improving the electrochemical performance of SIBs. In this review, the relationship between the structure and properties of Sb-based materials and their applications in SIBs are presented and discussed in detail. The latest research progress on using Sb-based anode materials for SIBs in redox reaction mechanisms along with their morphology design, structure-performance relationship, etc. have been reviewed. The main objective of this review is to explore the determining factors of the performance of Sb-based anode materials to propose suitable modification strategies for improving their reversible capacity and cycle stability. Finally, future developments, challenges, and prospects of Sb-based anode materials for SIBs are discussed. Despite several challenges, Sb-based materials are very promising anode materials for SIBs with alloying reaction mechanisms. To further improve the large-scale application of Sb-based anode materials, it is necessary to optimize the binder, electrode structure, and electrolyte composition. The combination of in-depth studies on the electrochemical reaction mechanisms and advanced characterization technologies is important for the development and construction of advanced Sb-based anode materials for SIBs. Finally, to achieve extensive large-scale applications, it is necessary to further explore environmentally friendly, low-cost, and controllable synthetic technologies to prepare high-performance Sb-based anode materials. This review provides specific perspectives for the construction and optimization of Sb-based anode materials and suggests scope for future work on Sb-based anode materials, thereby promoting the rapid development and practical application of SIBs.      

钠离子电池用高性能锑基负极材料的调控策略研究进展

锑(Sb)具有高的理论比容量、较小的电极极化、合适的Na⁺脱嵌电位、价格低廉以及环境友好的优势,而成为一种具有较大应用前景的钠离子电池负极材料。但是,Sb基负极材料的一个重要挑战是在循环过程中高比容量伴随着大的体积变化,进而导致活性材料粉化,并从集流体上脱落,这大大限制了其在钠离子电池领域的大规模应用。因此,如何解决Sb基负极材料充放电过程中体积膨胀问题对于高性能的钠离子电池设计是至关重要的。本文详细综述和讨论了Sb基材料的结构-性能关系及其在钠离子电池中的应用,详细介绍了钠离子电池Sb基负极材料在氧化还原反应机理、形貌设计、结构-性能关系等方面的最新研究进展。本综述的主要目的是探讨影响Sb基负极材料性能的决定因素,从而提出有前途的改性策略,以提高其可逆容量和循环稳定性。最后,对Sb基钠离子电池负极材料的未来发展、面临的挑战和前景进行了展望。本文可为Sb负极材料的构建和优化提供具体的观点,阐明了Sb基负极材料未来的发展方向,从而促进钠离子电池的快速发展和实际应用。     

Discovery and characterization of novel oxide anodes for solid oxide fuel cells

The search for alternative anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has been reviewed in the light of structure, stability, conductivity, chemical and thermal compatibility with electrolyte YSZ. In this review, we have presented the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional Ni-YSZ anode for SOFCs. The development of alternative anode for SOFCs with fluorite, rutile, tungsten bronze, pyrochlore, perovskite and spinel structures has been reviewed and discussed in detail. Among the reported materials systems, materials with perovskite structure are promising particularly where two ions with complimentary function are present on the B-site at high concentration. We have recently found a good redox stable anode (La(0.75)Sr(0.25))(1-x)Cr(0.5)Mn(0.5)O(3) (0 相似文献   

Recent advances in anode materials for sodium - and potassium-ion hybrid capacitors

With the advent of the post–lithium-ion era, sodium- and potassium-based energy storage devices are intensively focused in the recent years. The novel sodium- and potassium-ion hybrid capacitors couple with the merits of supercapacitors and secondary batteries and thus are widely explored. A typical hybrid capacitor is generally constructed by combining a battery-type anode and a capacitive-type cathode, which presents both high energy density and power features. The design and fabrication of anode materials with high rate capability and long life to match the capacitive cathode is a critical issue. In this short review, the newly developed anode materials in nonaqueous capacitors are systematically analyzed. Based on a comprehensive summarization, the challenges for further practical applications of anode materials are prospected.     

锂离子电池Sb基负极材料研究进展

Sb基材料作为一类合金机制的锂离子电池负极材料,因具有比容量高、安全性好等优点受到广泛关注。 然而,由于Sb基负极材料在充放电过程中的体积效应和本身导电性较差等问题导致的循环性能不理想,制约了其作为锂离子电池负极材料的商业化应用。 本文综述了近年来在锂离子电池Sb基各类负极材料方面的研究进展,重点介绍了它们的反应机理、合成方法及电化学性能,并对Sb基负极材料的发展方向进行了展望。     

Fe2O3锂离子电池负极材料研究进展

Fe2O3锂离子电池负极材料因其具有的高能量密度而备受关注。但Fe2O3电极材料存在的如低导电性、充/放电过程中体积改变导致的循环稳定性差等问题限制其实际应用。介绍了高比表面积、结构稳定以及储锂动力学等因素对锂离子电池负极材料电化学性能的重要影响,综述电极活性材料纳米化、形貌控制和杂原子掺杂对Fe2O3负极材料电化学性能改善的相关研究进展,最后对Fe2O3电极材料的发展前景进行了展望。