非绝热壁叶栅的粘性流动

非绝热壁叶栅的粘性流动王正明（中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京１０００８０）关键词非绝热壁；叶栅；粘性流动１引言近年来，随着计算机运算速度的提高，叶轮机械内部粘性流动的数值解法发展很快，对于动量方程，已广泛采用亘接求解不作简化的完全的Ｎ－Ｓ方程，以便更...     

误差性质的一种判据

一、判据我们在医用物理实验过程中,在实验设计、误差分析、数据处理以及实验结果的表述上都需要明确判断所观测的量是以偶然误差为主,还是以系统误差为主,还是两者共存。我们在教学过程中,曾提出过几种不同的判据,但最后倾向一致的判据可表述如下。     

ITER第一壁、偏滤器靶板和壁的热负荷计算

由于日本和欧共体对固体氚增殖包层已进行了很多实验研究，并且提出了他们的1TER固体氚增殖包层模块(TBM)方案。为了设计具有中国研究基础的氚增殖包层模块方案，我们选定液态锂和锂-铅作为氚增殖材料的ITER包层模块方案。但是包层第一壁的厚度一般只有2～3cm，因为它必须小于14．1MeV聚变中子的平均自程，从结构力学的角度它是非常单薄的。     

一种适用于对称截面的主动式热斗篷的研究

直接求解导热方程对具有自适应热源的可控式热隐身技术进行数值研究,探索热流控制方法及隐身效果,推导出均匀背景下二维对称截面热斗篷热隐身区域自适应热源分布的通解.仿真结果表明：对于任意对称截面斗篷,自适应热源都能使得扰动后的温度场很好地恢复到背景温度场,达到热隐身的目的.     

ITER第一壁铍铜连接部件在高热负荷作用下的热性能分析

对ITER屏蔽包层第一壁板铍铜连接件在高热负荷作用下的传热性能进行了分析,模拟了第一壁铍铜连接手指部件的热应力和热应变,得到其对应的热疲劳寿命.计算结果表明,在局部4.7MW?m-2高热负荷作用和ITER水冷条件下,现有设计方案中的铍铜连接件的热性能和热疲劳性能均满足设计要求.     

管道连接装配型ITER增强热负荷第一壁的热工水力分析

对管道连接装配型ITER增强热负荷第一壁(EHF FW)的标准手指对、边缘手指对及中心梁(CB)开展了热工水力分析.分析结果显示流速分布合理,低于1m·s-1或高于10m·s-1的区域非常小;手指对间的流量分配较合理;整个第一壁的压降为0.351MPa,小于0.4MPa的限定值;在8个循环周期内CB最高温度为409.2...     

自由流区近壁蒸发及未蒸发颗粒的热泳分析

本文给出了自由分子流区作用在壁面附近蒸发及未蒸发颗粒上的热泳力的分析结果.分析中气体分子在壁面和颗粒表面处均假定为部分镜反射和部分漫反射.分析表明,作用在近壁颗粒上的热泳力不仅依赖于气体中的温度梯度,还和气体的压力以及壁面与气体温度比有关.颗粒表面的温度和镜反射分数对作用于未蒸发颗粒的热泳力没有影响,但明显影响作用于蒸发颗粒的热泳力.研究表明,近壁效应及蒸发对颗粒热泳的附加影响是不容忽视的.     

Z箍缩驱动混合堆第一壁热-力学瞬态响应分析

利用ANSYS程序对Z箍缩驱动聚变-裂变混合堆(Z-FFR)第一壁在瞬态热流加载下的热-力学响应进行了模拟计算,分析了第一壁温度、应力随时间和深度的分布。结果表明,周期性脉冲加载不会导致第一壁产生温度累积效应,第一壁温度峰值409 ℃,出现在钨层表面,钨层最大应力140 MPa,锆合金基底最大应力33 MPa。     

二维非结构网格有限体积格式的壁热现象和人工热流方法

基于Noh人工热流方法的思想,推导出任意多边形网格人工热流的格式,将Noh的结构网格人工热流方法推广到任意多边形非结构网格的拉氏有限体积方法中,抑制或消除了壁热现象.几个数值实验,包括Noh激波反射问题和两块钢金属碰撞问题,验证了方法的可行性.     

一维理想弹塑性流体的数值模拟及壁热现象的抑制

针对一维理想弹塑性流体的Wilkins模型,提出HLLC型的近似黎曼解法器.该解法器引入塑性波并保证波的个数和真实的物理情况一致,其中波速选取由波系的特征分析来确定.整个算法实施简单,无需迭代,为减少强冲击（稀疏）模拟时的壁热误差,设计相应的壁热粘性,有效地抑制了非物理的壁热现象.     

一种新型的多孔太阳墙采暖房

长江中下游地区很多建筑没有安装专门的供暖设备,传统的空调采暖增加了建筑能耗。利用太阳能和建筑物自身进行采暖,具有重要的意义和价值。本文提出了一种新型的多孔太阳墙采暖房,其核心部分多孔太阳墙是由多孔陶瓷构成。在晴朗的冬季,对多孔太阳墙采暖房的采暖性能进行了实验研究;研究重点检测了不同外界环境(主要是指太阳辐射照度和环境温度)下,多孔太阳墙采暖房的采暖及储热性能。研究表明:多孔太阳墙采暖房在白天大部分时间都具有较好的采暖效果,且采暖房内的温差较小;同时具有较好的储热性能。以实验测得的武汉地区1月某天的实验数据为例,相比环境温度,当天采暖房内最高温升为19.9℃。在07:00～16:00之间,采暖房的平均温升为11.5℃;在辐射强度较弱的16:00～18:00,采暖房的平均温升为6.6℃。在07:00～18:00之间,采暖房内最大温差为1.37℃,出现在12:40。     

Effects of Heating Load on Flow Resistance and Convective Heat Transfer in Micro-pin-fin Heat Sinks with Different Cross-section Shapes

The flow and convective heat transfer characteristics under different heating loads in micro-pin-fins of circle, diamond and triangle are experimentally investigated with Reynolds number ranging from 0–1,000. The pressure drops, friction factors, thermal resistance and Nusselt number in micro-pin-fins with different cross-section shapes are obtained when the heating load changes from 50 to 150 W. Basing on the experimental results, the mechanisms of the influence of heating load on the resistance and heat transfer characteristics in micro-pin-fins with different cross-section shapes are detailed analysed. It is found that pressure drops in three types of micro-pin-fins all become large with the increase of the heating load, and the change of pressure drop in triangular micro-pin-fins is larger than those in the other two micro-pin-fins. At low Re, the friction factors in the three types of micro-pin-fins become large with the increase of the heating load, but this phenomenon disappears when Re>400 for the circle and diamond micro-pin-fins, and Re>250 for the triangular micro-pin-fins. The convective heat transfer in micro-pin-fins with cross-section shapes of circle, diamond and is enhanced by increasing the heating load, but the convective heat transfer coefficients and Nu in the triangular micro-pin-fins becomes slightly smaller when Re>250.     

Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Mixed Convection Heat Transfer in a Driven Cavity with Non-uniform Heating of the Bottom Wall

The goal of this article is to study numerically the mixed convection in a differentially heated lid-driven cavity with non-uniform heating of the bottom wall. The velocity field is solved by a hybrid scheme with multiple relaxation time Lattice Boltzmann(MRT-LBM) model, while the temperature field is obtained by resolution of the energy balance equation using the finite difference method(FDM). First, the model is checked and validated using data from the literature. Validation of the present results with those available in the literature shows a good agreement.A good efficiency in time simulation is confirmed. Thereafter, the model has been applied to mixed convection in a driven cavity with non-uniform heating wall at the fixed Grashof number Gr = 106. It is found that, the heat transfer is weakened as the Richardson number is augmented. For Gr = 106, we note the appearance of secondary vortices at different positions of the cavity corners.     

求解二维三温辐射热传导方程组的一种网格自适应方法

在求解二维三温辐射热传导方程组的过程中,设计了一类新的基于Hessian矩阵的网格自适应算法.数值实验结果表明,与现在流行的基于一阶导数或通量的网格自适应技术相比,该算法能够大幅改善系统的能量守恒误差,并具有较高的整体计算效率.     

Analysis of Melting Heat Transport in a Cross Flow Direction: A Comparative Study

An incompressible three-dimensional laminar flow in a cross flow direction is described in this work. The term of melting and viscous dissipation is incorporated in the mathematical modeling of present flow problem. The flow expressions are converted into dimensionless equations, which are solved with help of Runge-Kutta scheme. Impact of the emerging parameters on the non-dimensional velocities and temperature and friction-factors and local Nusselt number are examined. The convergence analysis is found for ∈ < 0 and 0 < ∈ ≤ 2. Comparative analysis is made between the obtained results and published data for limiting case. It is explored at the surface that the melting parameter retards the liquid temperature while it enhances the fluid velocity.     

Heat generation by impulse ultrasound

An original method allowing to get a system of nonlinear evolution equations for the interacting modes applies to a problem of the heat generation by non-periodic ultrasound, including impulse one. The basic idea and final equations for the thermoviscous plane flow are presented. The limit of periodic source is traced. The numerical calculations were based on the pulse solution of the Burgers equation as an ultrasound source. Some illustrations on temporal behavior of the medium expansion caused by the pulse ultrasound are presented.     

高温空气电阻炉内强化传热性能实验研究

本文对基于碳化硅泡沫陶瓷的高温空气电阻炉内的传热性能进行了实验研究。通过在高温空气电阻炉内插入不同数量的泡沫陶瓷片,研究陶瓷片数量对空气出口温度的影响。同时研究了泡沫陶瓷片的位置对空气出口温度的影响。实验结果表明:当炉膛内不插入泡沫陶瓷片时,在空气流量为200 m~3/h时,空气出口温度为650℃,当炉膛内插入五块泡沫陶瓷片时,空气出口温度达到980℃。本文从实验方面验证了将碳化硅泡沫陶瓷应用到太阳能热发电的吸收器中,强化空气与吸热材料之间的换热的可行性。     

Relation Between Dimension and Angular Momentum for Radially Symmetric Potential in N-Dimensional Space

It is proved that when solving SchrSdinger equations for radially symmetric potentials the effect of higher dimensions on the radial wave function is equivalent to the effect of higher angular momenta in lower-dimensional cases. This result is applied to giving solutions for several radially symmetric potentials in N dimensions.