Surface plasmon enhanced giant Faraday effect in graphene

We have theoretically investigated the giant Faraday rotation effect in graphene coupled to metal nanoparticles (MNPs). MNP-induced Faraday rotation effect (MIFRE) results in a giant Faraday rotation angle in high-frequency region where usually no significant Faraday rotation would occur in graphene. Another advantage of MIFRE is the enhanced amplification of the rotating light beam. Furthermore, the MIFRE can be tuned by changing the MNP–graphene distance. The high efficiency and tunability of MIFRE in graphene predict its potential applications in novel graphene-based optical modulators and switches.     

Quantum statistics of degenerate four wave mixing

A microscopic model of degenerate four wave mixing including the quantisation of the atomic medium is analysed. In the limits of large detuning, low saturation and zero loss, ideal squeezing in the output field is possible. The effect of nonoptimal conditions is analysed.     

Spatial four wave mixing in nonlinear periodic structures

We present the first experimental study of spatial four-wave mixing in photonic lattices, demonstrating universal aspects of nonlinear processes in periodic media, such as engineered phase matching, Bloch-wave folding, and continuous control over the band at which the interaction products emerge.     

Indirect exchange interaction in Rashba-spin-orbit-coupled graphene nanoflakes

We study the indirect exchange interaction, named Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) coupling, between localized magnetic impurities in graphene nanoflakes with zig-zag edges in the presence of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction (RSOI). We calculate the isotropic and anisotropic RKKY amplitudes by utilizing the tight-binding (TB) model. The RSOI, as a gate tunable variable, is responsible for changes of the RKKY amplitude. We conclude that there is not any switching of the magnetic order (from ferro- to antiferro-magnetic and vice versa) in such a system through the RSOI. The dependence of the RKKY amplitude on the positions of the magnetic impurities and the size of the system is studied. The symmetry breaking, which can occur due to the Rashba interaction, leads to spatial anisotropy in the RKKY amplitude and manifests as collinear and noncollinear terms. Our results show the possibility of control and manipulation of spin correlations in carbon spin-based nanodevices.     

Pump-soliton nonlinear wave mixing in noise-driven fiber supercontinuum generation

We report on the experimental observation of nonlinear mixing between Raman-shifting solitons and residual pump radiation in supercontinuum generation in the long-pulse regime. This resonant coherent process results in the generation of strong and isolated spectral components on the long-wavelength normal dispersion regime of a fiber with two zero-dispersion wavelengths. Our observations are in excellent agreement with numerical simulations and calculated phase-matching conditions.     

Unveiling quasiperiodicity through nonlinear wave mixing in periodic media

Quasiperiodicity is the concept of order without translation symmetry. The discovery of quasiperiodic order in natural materials transformed the way scientists examine and define ordered structure. We show and verify experimentally that quasiperiodicity can be observed by scattering processes from a periodic structure, provided the interaction area is of finite width. This is made through a momentum conservation condition, physically realizing a geometrical method used to model quasiperiodic structures by projecting a periodic structure of a higher dimension.     

Quantum oscillations and wave packet revival in conical graphene structure

We present analytical expressions for the eigenstates and eigenvalues of electronsconfined in a graphene monolayer in which the crystal symmetry is locally modified byreplacing a hexagon by a pentagon, square or heptagon. The calculations are performed inthe continuum limit approximation in the vicinity of the Dirac points, solving Diracequation by freezing out the carrier radial motion. We include the effect of an externalmagnetic field and show the appearance of Aharonov-Bohm oscillations and find out theconditions of gapped and gapless states in the spectrum. We show that the gauge field dueto a disclination lifts the orbital degeneracy originating from the existence of twovalleys. The broken valley degeneracy has a clear signature on quantum oscillations andwave packet dynamics.     

Efficient phase conjugation by Brillouin enhanced four wave mixing

It is shown that frequency detuning and phase mismatch effects can strongly effect the reflection coefficient of Brillouin enhanced four-wave mixing. Extremely large reflectivities (R > 10⁶) can be obtained if the intensities and frequency of the pump beams and the length of the interaction region all take on certain critical values. This theory accounts for the high reflectivity which has been reported by another author.     

Beam propagation method for wide-field nonlinear wave mixing microscope

We develop a nonlinear beam propagation method for signal generation in inhomogeneous medium for wide-field nonlinear wave mixing microscope. Experimental results performed in wide-field coherent anti-Stokes Raman imaging have shown good agreement with the developed theory.     

Four wave nonlinear optical mixing as real time holography

The phenomenon of four-wave optical mixing is an exact analog of the sequential operations of holographic recording and reconstruction. It should thus be possible to realize, in real time, holographic experiments and devices using such mixing.     

金属板疲劳损伤非线性兰姆波混频检测

针对金属板结构安全运行需要,开展了金属板结构疲劳损伤非线性兰姆波混频检测方法研究。通过数值仿真,研究了两列A₀兰姆波与材料损伤间的非线性相互作用。结果表明,两列共线A₀兰姆波在结构材料损伤处产生单向传播的和频S₀波,且和频波幅值随传播距离具有积累增长效应。对不同疲劳程度金属板试件进行了共线混频兰姆波检测实验,结果表明,和频波幅值随试件疲劳周数的增加呈单调递增趋势,提出的兰姆波混频技术可用于金属板结构疲劳程度的表征。研究工作为金属板结构疲劳损伤检测提供了可行的技术方案。     

Electronic and magnetic properties of hydrogenated graphene nanoflakes

We investigated the energetic stability, electronic, and magnetic properties of hydrogenated graphene nanoflakes (GNFs) by using density-functional theory (DFT). Hydrogenated GNFs were found to be the stable heterojunction structures. As the increase of H coverage, a transition of a small-gap semiconductor to wide-gap semiconductor occurs, accompanied with a nonmagnetic (with the coverage χ=0$\chi =0$) → magnetic (with the coverage 0<χ<1$0<\chi <1$) → nonmagnetic (with the coverage χ=1$\chi =1$) transfer for hexagonal nanoflakes and magnetic (with the coverage 0?χ<1$0?\chi <1$) → nonmagnetic (with the coverage χ=1$\chi =1$) transfer for triangular nanoflakes. The efficacious tune of band gaps and the magnetic moments on these nanoflakes by hydrogenation offers an effectual avenue for the applications of C-based nanomagnets.     

Secondary plasmon resonance in graphene nanostructures

The plasmon characteristics of two graphene nanostructures are studied using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The absorption spectrum has two main bands, which result from π and σ + π plasmon resonances. At low energies, the Fourier transform of the induced charge density maps exhibits anomalous behavior, with a π phase change in the charge density maps in the plane of the graphene and those in the plane 0.3 ? from the graphene. The charge density fluctuations close to the plane of the graphene are much smaller than those above and beneath the graphene plane. However, this phenomenon disappears at higher energies. By analyzing the electronic properties, we may conclude that the restoring force for the plasmon in the plane of the graphene does not result from fixed positive ions, but rather the Coulomb interactions with the plasmonic oscillations away from the plane of the graphene, which extend in the surface-normal direction. The collective oscillation in the graphene plane results in a forced vibration. Accordingly, the low-energy plasmon in the graphene can be split into two components: a normal component, which corresponds to direct feedback of the external perturbation, and a secondary component, which corresponds to feedback of the Coulombic interaction with the normal component.     

Cavity plasmon polaritons in monolayer graphene

Plasmon polaritons in a new system, a monolayer doped graphene embedded in optical microcavity, are studied here. The dispersion law for lower and upper cavity plasmon polaritons is obtained. Peculiarities of Rabi splitting for the system are analyzed; particularly, role of Dirac-like spinor (envelope) wave functions in graphene and corresponding angle factors are considered. Typical Rabi frequencies for maximal (acceptable for Dirac-like electron spectra) Fermi energy and frequencies of polaritons near polariton gap are estimated. The plasmon polaritons in considered system can be used for high-speed information transfer in the THz region.     

Electric-field-induced plasmon in AA-stacked bilayer graphene

The collective excitations in AA-stacked bilayer graphene for a perpendicular electric field are investigated analytically within the tight-binding model and the random-phase approximation. Such a field destroys the uniform probability distribution of the four sublattices. This drives a symmetry breaking between the intralayer and interlayer polarization intensities from the intrapair band excitations. A field-induced acoustic plasmon thus emerges in addition to the strongly field-tunable intrinsic acoustic and optical plasmons. At long wavelengths, the three modes show different dispersions and field dependence. The definite physical mechanism of the electrically inducible and tunable mode can be expected to also be present in other AA-stacked few-layer graphenes.     

Cascaded nonlinear difference-frequency generation of enhanced terahertz wave production

Cascaded nonlinear optical interactions are analyzed for their potential to overcome quantum-defect related limitations on the efficiency of terahertz wave difference-frequency generation. The dispersion of ZnTe permits phase-matched production of a series of Stokes lines from two initial near-infrared beams. As the pump beams run down the Stokes ladder, the number of terahertz photons continually increases. A potential improvement by a factor of 5 is demonstrated in a 0.26-cm-long crystal by use of 25-MW/mm2 pumps at a wavelength of 824 nm.     

Millimeter/submillimeter mixing based on the nonlinear plasmon response of two-dimensional electron systems

The nonlinear plasmon response of a two-dimensional electron system with an incorporated defect to monochromatic and bichromatic microwave radiation has been investigated. The operation of an electronic device (mixer) based on the plasmon response with a record operational speed has been demonstrated and analyzed. It has been found that the system response time is no more than τ = 25 ps. It has been shown that the nonlinear response of the system is caused by a new physical mechanism of nonlinearity induced by the presence of an inhomogeneity in the electron system.     

Optical signal processing using four wave mixing in highly nonlinear silicon nano-wire

Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide devices are emerging for the realization of optical signal processing systems for the last couple of years. The recent technological advancement in silicon photonics is the main driving force at the back of these devices. Using non-linear optical phenomenon in silicon wires and their compatibility with CMOS devices provide the stage for integrated photonic devices. All-optical signal processing devices are being investigated at present, but the chip-scale solution provided by the silicon photonics is the most promising. In this research we have investigated all-optical signal processing in a 10 mm long SOI waveguide by exploiting well established coupled wave equations. We consider single pulsed pump to analyze frequency shifting by four-wave-mixing (FWM). For the wavelengths 20?30 nm far from the pump, the gain overcomes nonlinear losses resulting in higher frequency conversion efficiency.     

Quantum dots in graphene

We suggest a way of confining quasiparticles by an external potential in a small region of a graphene strip. Transversal electron motion plays a crucial role in this confinement. Properties of thus obtained graphene quantum dots are investigated theoretically for different types of the boundary conditions at the edges of the strip. The (quasi)bound states exist in all systems considered. At the same time, the dependence of the conductance on the gate voltage carries information about the shape of the edges.     

石墨烯纳米片大自旋特性第一性原理研究

通过基于密度泛函理论的全电子数值轨道第一性原理电子结构计算,研究了各种形状有限石墨烯片段(石墨烯纳米片, GNF)的磁特性,证明GNF的自旋磁有序来源于由其形状决定的π键拓扑挫折(topological frustration)作用.锯齿形边缘的三角形GNF的净自旋不为零,如同一个人造铁磁性原子团,总自旋随尺度线性增加.根据拓扑挫折原理,可以在GNF中引入较大的净自旋和独特的自旋分布,如由三角形GNF单元构成的复杂分形结构,总自旋随分形级数呈指数上升.通过刻蚀技术制作具有一定拓扑结构的GNF可以实现可控自旋电子纳米材料和器件应用.