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1.
《Current Applied Physics》2015,15(4):547-554
The tearing mode (TM) plasma instability was observed in low confinement (L-mode) plasmas when non-axisymmetric magnetic perturbation (MP) was applied using external coils during 2011 campaign of KSTAR. Based on the collected information of the magnetic island location in a plasma, a discharge was designed for suppression of a (2,1) TM mode by adjusting electron cyclotron (EC) launcher angles to the estimated island position. Here, the (m,n) notation describes the poloidal mode number and the toroidal mode number of the TM, respectively. The discharge is analysed with experimental observations and numerical simulations. Mirnov coil (MC) arrays and electron cyclotron emission (ECE) are used for analysis of the island width and the location as well as the mode number. The EC deposition and its alignment with the island are estimated by X-ray imaging crystal spectroscopy (XICS) and ECE measurements. An integrated numerical system is employed for modelling of this discharge to analyse a temporal evolution of the mode activity by integrating plasma equilibrium, transport, heating and current drive, and the magnetic island evolution, in a self-consistent way. The effect of EC current drive is discussed by comparing with another TM discharge but without ECCD. Some possibilities for classifying this mode to neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) and stabilisation effect of ECCD are suggested based on the experimental observation and the simulation results. 相似文献
2.
Numerical analysis of the optimized performance of the electron cyclotron wave system in a HL-2M tokamak
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The capabilities of current drive, neoclassical tearing mode(NTM) stabilization, and sawtooth control are analyzed for the electron–cyclotron wave(ECW) system in a HL-2M tokamak. Better performance of the upper launcher is demonstrated in comparison with that of a dropped upper launcher, in terms of J_(EC)/J_(bs) for NTM stabilization and I_(ECCD)/(?ρtor)~2 for sawtooth control. 1-MW ECW power is enough for the 3/2 NTM stabilization, and 1.8-MW ECW power is required to suppress 2/1 NTM in a single null divertor equilibrium with 1.2-MA toroidal current with the upper launcher. Optimization simulation of electron–cyclotron current drive(ECCD) is carried out for three mirrors in an equatorial port, indicating that the middle mirror has a good performance compared with the top and bottom mirrors. The results for balanced co- and counter-ECCD in an equatorial port are also presented. 相似文献
3.
在给定等离子体密度分布下,从电子、离子的能量方程出发,根据不同运行模式下等离子体的热传导率不同,分别求出了中心负剪切模式,常规剪切H模式和L模式下的等离子体温度分布,然后通过求解波迹方程与相对论情况下的Fokker-Planck方程,分别计算了这些模式下的电子回旋波电流驱动和波功率沉积.得到在中心负剪切下,驱动电流最大,驱动效率最高,功率沉积和电流分布区间跨度大;在常规剪切H模式下,驱动电流较小,分布区间跨度比较窄,驱动效率相对较低;在常规剪切L模式,驱动电流效率最低,分布区间跨度也非常集中.
关键词:
托卡马克
电子回旋波电流驱动
中心负剪切
常规剪切 相似文献
4.
Electron cyclotron current drive (ECCD) will be applied in the EAST tokamak during its the new campaign. In order to provide theoretical predictions for relevant physical experiments, some numerical simulations of ECCD with the parameters of EAST have been can'ied out by using TORAY-GA code based on the understanding of ECCD mechanisms. ECCD efficiencies achieved in different plasma and electron cyclotron (EC) wave parameters are given. The dependences of ECCD characteristics on EC wave injection angle, toroidal magnetic field, plasma density, and temperature are presented and discussed. 相似文献
5.
托卡马克等离子体中的电子回旋波电流驱动 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
通过将波迹方程与相对论情况下的完全Fokker-Planck方程联合进行求解,研究了寻常波基频电子回旋波从托卡马克等离子体中平面弱场侧发射时的电流驱动。数值结果表明:随着等离子体电子密度、温度的提高, 功率沉积和电流分布的位置将向等离子体的边缘方向偏移,并且产生的总的驱动电流随之减小;入射波极向发射角和环向发射角度的改变对功率沉积、电流分布及其大小产生明显的影响。 相似文献
6.
Optimized calculation of the synergy conditions between electron cyclotron current drive and lower hybrid current drive on EAST
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The optimized synergy conditions between electron cyclotron current drive(ECCD) and lower hybrid current drive(LHCD) with normal parameters of the EAST tokamak are studied by using the C3PO/LUKE code based on the understanding of the synergy mechanisms so as to obtain a higher synergistic current and provide theoretical reference for the synergistic effect in the EAST experiment. The dependences of the synergistic effect on the parameters of two waves(lower hybrid wave(LHW) and electron cyclotron wave(ECW)), including the radial position of the power deposition, the power value of the LH and EC waves, and the parallel refractive indices of the LHW(N) are presented and discussed. 相似文献
7.
The identification of the magnetic island structure in the HL-2A tokamak is presented. First, the perturbation current as a source for the perturbation flux can be determined by using Mirnov probe measurements. By superposing the perturbation flux and the equilibrium flux reconnected by equilibrium fitting, the structure and the width of the magnetic islands can be estimated. The method has been used in the HL-2A experiments. 相似文献
8.
A 3.7 GHz system, which is meant for LHCD experiments on ADITYA tokamak, is used for producing ECR discharge. The ECR discharge
is produced by setting the appropriate resonance magnetic field of 0.13 T, with hydrogen at a fill pressure of about 5 × 10−5 Torr. The RF power, up to 10 kW (of which ∼50% is reflected back), with a typical pulse length of 50 ms, is injected into
the vacuum chamber of the ADITYA tokamak by a LHCD grill antenna and is used for plasma formation. The average coupled RF
power density (the RF power/a typical volume of the plasma) is estimated to be ∼5 kW/m3. When the ECR appears inside the tokamak chamber for the given pumping frequency (f = 3.7 GHz) a plasma with a density (n
e) ∼ 4 × 1016 m−3 and electron temperature ∼8 eV is produced. The density and temperature during the RF pulse are measured by sets of Langmuir
probes, located toroidally, on either side of the antenna. Hα signals are also monitored to detect ionization. An estimate of density and temperature based on simple theoretical calculation
agrees well with our experimental measurements. The plasma produced by the above mechanism is further used to characterize
the ECR-assisted low voltage Ohmic start-up discharges. During this part of the experiments, Ohmic plasma is formed using
capacitor banks. The plasma loop voltage is gradually decreased, till the discharge ceases to form. The same is repeated in
the presence of ECR-formed plasma (RF pre-ionization), formed 10 ms prior to the loop voltage. We have observed that (with
LHCD-induced) ECR-assisted Ohmic start-up discharges is reliably and repeatedly obtained with reduced loop voltage requirement
and breakdown time decreases substantially. The current ramp-up rates also decrease with reduced loop voltage operation. These
studies established that ECR plasma formed with LHCD system exhibits similar characteristics as reported earlier by dedicated
ECR systems. This experiment also addresses the issue of whether ECR plasma formed with grill antenna exhibits similar behavior
as that formed by single waveguide ECR antenna. Our experimental observations suggest that the characteristics of (LHCD system-induced)
ECR-assisted Ohmic start-up discharges show similar properties, reported earlier with normal ECR-assisted Ohmic start-up discharges
and hence LHCD system may be used as ECR system at reduced toroidal magnetic field for other applications like wall conditioning.
相似文献
9.
Sawtooth-like electron density oscillations under laser blow-off and lower hybrid current drive in HL-1M tokamak
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By using of a six-channel HCN laser interferometer, the sawtooth-like density oscillations without being exhibited in the ohmic phase plasma have been observed during lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) discharges in the HL-1M device. There are often accompanied by injected impurity with laser blow-off. Analyses show that this kind of density sawtooth-like oscillation comes from the mutual effect of LHCD and impurity. An available mechanism is the loss of superthermal electrons by the magnetic perturbation, which is caused by the crash of the central accumulated impurities. 相似文献
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采用高斯光束的研究方法,结合Fokker-Planck方程,在堆级等离子体条件下模拟了发射波功率密度的改变对电子回旋波功率沉积以及电流驱动的影响。结果表明,高功率密度的波束会拓宽功率沉积剖面,使功率沉积的位置略有外移,电流驱动效率略有降低。 相似文献
13.
The major disruption limits the operation of present tokamaks. Experimental evidences point out that the growth of tearing modes or the magnetic islands is primarily responsible for the occurrence. Taking the non-inductive current drive effects into account, a set of 3D nonlinear equation is derived. It is shown from simulation that the growth of the magnetic island is suppressed effectively by RF current drive. It is consistent with recent experiments on the HL-1 tokamak in which the plasma is stabilized by an RF current drive. 相似文献
14.
H-mode discharges with lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) alone are achieved in EAST divertor plasma over a wide parameter range. These H-mode discharges are characterized by a sudden drop in Dα emission and a spontaneous rise in main plasma density. Good lower hybrid (LH) coupling during H-mode is obtained by putting the plasma close to the antenna and by injecting D2 gas from a pipe near the grill mouse. The analysis of lower hybrid current drive properties shows that the LH deposition profile shifts off axis during H-mode, and current drive (CD) efficiency decreases due to the increase in density. Modeling results of H-mode discharges with a general ray tracing code GENRAY are reported. 相似文献
15.
Study of runaway electron behaviour during electron cyclotron resonance heating in the HL-2A Tokamak
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During the current flat-top phase of electron cyclotron
resonance heating discharges in the HL-2A Tokamak, the behaviour of
runaway electrons has been studied by means of hard x-ray detectors
and neutron diagnostics. During electron cyclotron resonance
heating, it can be found that both hard x-ray radiation intensity
and neutron emission flux fall rapidly to a very low level, which
suggests that runaway electrons have been suppressed by electron
cyclotron resonance heating. From the set of discharges studied in
the present experiments, it has also been observed that the
efficiency of runaway suppression by electron cyclotron resonance
heating was apparently affected by two factors: electron cyclotron
resonance heating power and duration. These results have been
analysed by using a test particle model. The decrease of the
toroidal electric field due to electron cyclotron resonance heating
results in a rapid fall in the runaway electron energy that may lead
to a suppression of runaway electrons. During electron cyclotron
resonance heating with different powers and durations, the runaway
electrons will experience different slowing down processes. These
different decay processes are the major cause for influencing the
efficiency of runaway suppression. This result is related to the
safe operation of the Tokamak and may bring an effective control of
runaway electrons. 相似文献
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Magnetic reconnection and tearing mode instability play a critical role in many physical processes. The application of Galerkin spectral method for tearing mode instability in two-dimensional geometry is investigated in this paper. A resistive magnetohydrodynamic code is developed, by the Galerkin spectral method both in the periodic and aperiodic directions. Spectral schemes are provided for global modes and local modes. Mode structures, resistivity scaling, convergence and stability of tearing modes are discussed. The effectiveness of the code is demonstrated, and the computational results are compared with the results using Galerkin spectral method only in the periodic direction. The numerical results show that the code using Galerkin spectral method individually allows larger time step in global and local modes simulations, and has better convergence in global modes simulations. 相似文献
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