Anomalous waveforms observed in laboratory-formed gas hydrate-bearing and ice-bearing sediments

Acoustic transmission measurements of compressional, P, and shear, S, wave velocities rely on correctly identifying the P- and S-body wave arrivals in the measured waveform. In cylindrical samples for which the sample is much longer than the acoustic wavelength, these body waves can be obscured by high-amplitude waveform features arriving just after the relatively small-amplitude P-body wave. In this study, a normal mode approach is used to analyze this type of waveform, observed in sediment containing gas hydrate or ice. This analysis extends an existing normal-mode waveform propagation theory by including the effects of the confining medium surrounding the sample, and provides guidelines for estimating S-wave velocities from waveforms containing multiple large-amplitude arrivals.     

Theoretical simulation of a rotary motor driven by surface acoustic waves

A simulation model for theoretically studying the operation behavior of a rotary motor driven by surface acoustic waves (SAWs) is proposed. According to the model, some simulation results are obtained as follows: (1) as the rotor is excited by the SAWs, the motor experiences two phases, i.e., the acceleration phase and the steady phase; (2) the normal vibration amplitude A of SAWs has a very weak effect on the acceleration in the first phase but an enhancing effect on the steady velocity of the rotary motor; (3) as the number of the contact points between the rotor and the stator increases, the motor rotates more steadily; (4) as the rotor radius becomes smaller, both the acceleration and the steady angular velocity become greater. These features are in agreement with the experimental results.     

圆柱形分层五模材料声学隐身衣的理论与数值分析

声学隐身衣物性参数分布的连续对制备造成了很大困难, 需要采用分层的方法进行近似. 研究分层对隐身衣性能的影响具有重要意义. 本文首先推导了圆柱形分层声学隐身衣散射声压场的理论解, 然后通过数值算例验证了理论推导的正确性, 最后针对层数、层厚分布对隐身衣性能的影响进行了计算研究. 结果表明, 选取恰当的层数和层厚分布可在不增加制备难度的同时改善隐身衣性能.     

超声空化去毛刺的理论分析及数值仿真

随着制造业的不断发展,对产品的加工精度要求愈来愈高,然而微小毛刺的去除仍然是十分困难的。毛刺虽小但危害巨大。因此,有效去除毛刺已成为加工中不可或缺的工序。而超声波去毛刺法可以有效快速的去除复杂零件的微小毛刺,具有很高的实用价值。尽管超声波的相关理论日趋完善,但是超声去毛刺机理以及空化产生的高压对毛刺的影响缺乏一些理论参考。此文阐述了超声波去毛刺的基本原理,利用有限元软件ABAQUS对单个空化泡在毛刺上的溃灭过程进行数值仿真,证明了超声波去毛刺的可行性,通过实验验证,超声波能够有效的去除毛刺。其研究结果为进一步研究超声波去毛刺的理论提供了参考。     

Theoretical analysis of electron acoustic shock waves in magnetized superthermal plasma with electron beam

We have analysed the small-amplitude non-linear electron acoustic shock waves by taking into account the effects of electron beam in magnetized plasma. Satellite observations in different regions of the Earth's magnetosphere have shown that the electrostatic solitary waves are generally associated with electron or/and ion beams. The nonlinear Korteweg-de-Vries Burgers (KdVB) equation has been derived by considering the basic fluid equations and dissipation effects. The nonlinear coefficient of KdVB equation comes out to be negative. Only dip-shaped potential structures are reported here. For the parameters discussed in this paper, we did not find positive polarity shocks. This could be due to the restrictions on the plasma parameters since we are using the fixed densities of the cold, hot, and beam electrons as observed by the Viking satellite in the auroral region. In this paper, the importance of the cold electron to hot electron temperature in conjunction with the beam speed is pointed out. Increase in beam density, kinematic viscosity, and magnetic field results in increase in the amplitude while the increase in hot electron concentration and superthermality leads to decrease in potential. The numerical analysis is presented for the parameters corresponding to the observation of burst b event by Viking satellite in the dayside auroral zone of the earth's magnetosphere.     

光纤微机电系统压力传感器的理论分析和数值模拟

设计了一种基于微机电系统(MEMS)的光纤压力传感器,证明了光纤MEMS压力传感器在工作状态下可以由法布里_珀罗腔的理论模型解释。推导出了在光纤MEMS压力传感器中硅横膈膜的压力与干涉光强的关系表达式,并对光纤MEMS压力传感器的模型进行了数值模拟,初步确定了在传感器的制作过程中各个物理量的取值。其中腔体半径为300μm、腔体深度为1.42μm、硅横膈膜厚度为23μm,为光纤MEMS压力传感器的加工和制作提供了理论基础。     

扇形腔旭日型磁控管结构的理论分析与数字模拟

利用场分析法推导了扇形腔旭日型磁控管的色散关系, 通过CST模拟软件验证了理论推导的正确性, 分析了扇形腔旭日型磁控管的各项结构参数对π 模截止频率和模式分隔度的影响. 研究表明: 色散关系的理论值与模拟值之间的最大相对误差不到3%, π 模截止频率的理论值与模拟值之间的最大相对误差不到1%; π 模截止频率f_πc与阴极半径R_c, 阳极半径R_a, 大腔张角2θ₁成正比关系, 与小腔半径R_d0, 大腔半径R_d1, 小腔张角2θ₀成反比关系, 这一定性结论与同腔型磁控管的定性结论并不完全一致; 在径向比较上, 结构参数对频率的影响由大到小依次为: 阳极半径, 大腔半径, 小腔半径和阴极半径; 在角向比较上, 大腔张角对频率的影响较大, 小腔张角对频率的影响较小; 另外, 模式分隔度γ 与大腔半径R_d1成正比关系, 与阴极半径R_c, 小腔半径R_d0, 小腔张角2θ₀成反比关系, 随阳极半径R_a或大腔张角2θ₁的增大先增大后减小. 关键词： 旭日型磁控管 扇形谐振腔 色散关系 场分析法     

并行多注THz折叠波导行波管的理论分析与数值模拟

为了提高THz行波管的输出功率,通过并行多注和功率合成的方法,完成了并行多注D波段折叠波导行波管的理论分析与数值模拟。计算结果表明:单束行波管在0.135～0.157THz频率区间具有很好的色散平坦度,3dB带宽为13GHz,0.14THz处获得了20.88dB的最大增益;多束合成行波管在0.14THz处获得了20.8dB的合成增益,3dB带宽区间合成效率不低于92%。数值模拟表明该方法很好地实现了多路放大信号的合成输出。并行多注行波管具有输出功率大、单束电流小、聚焦磁场低等优点,能够在低发射电流密度条件下实现大功率THz辐射。     

并行多注THz折叠波导行波管的理论分析与数值模拟

为了提高THz行波管的输出功率,通过并行多注和功率合成的方法,完成了并行多注D波段折叠波导行波管的理论分析与数值模拟。计算结果表明：单束行波管在0.135~0.157 THz频率区间具有很好的色散平坦度,3 dB带宽为13 GHz,0.14 THz处获得了20.88 dB的最大增益;多束合成行波管在0.14 THz处获得了20.8 dB的合成增益,3 dB带宽区间合成效率不低于92%。数值模拟表明该方法很好地实现了多路放大信号的合成输出。并行多注行波管具有输出功率大、单束电流小、聚焦磁场低等优点,能够在低发射电流密度条件下实现大功率THz辐射。     

Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of development length of straight steel fiber in cementitious materials

In fiber-reinforced concrete, it is important to choose an appropriate length in each fiber to develop its full yield strength without a failure in the bond strength between the fiber and the concrete. This length is called the fiber development length, L_df. The bond capacity is evaluated between the fiber and the concrete using the pull-out tests. This test evaluates the bond capacity of various types of steel fiber surfaces relative to a specific embedded length. If the steel fiber is smooth and straight, the distribution of tensile stresses will be uniform around the fiber at a specific section and varies along the anchorage length of the fiber and at a radial distance from the surface of the fiber. Pull-out tests can be performed on an embedded straight steel fiber in concrete matrix, in this case, the tensile force, P, is increased gradually and the number of cracks and their spacings and widths is recorded. The bond stresses vary along the fiber length between the cracks. The strain in the steel fiber is maximum at the cracked section and decreases toward the middle section between cracks. If the embedded length of the straight steel fiber is greater than the development length, the steel fiber may yield, leaving some length of the fiber in the concrete. The linear elastic behavior of the fiber-matrix system is interrupted by interface debonding which occurs due to overall weak bonding between the concrete matrix and the surface of the steel fiber. This paper introduces new developed shear lag model and explains simplified method to find the development length of straight steel fiber in concrete matrix using finite element model and analysis of shear lag stresses, where the maximum tension force which is applied on the steel fiber is resisted by another internal force related with the ultimate average bond stress, steel fiber diameter and its yield strength.     

Exact description of nonlinear three-dimensional acoustic waves in barotropic gas

It was shown that a full system of the three-dimensional equations of gas dynamics at the arbitrary amplitude of the sound wave can be reduced to an equation for the potential of the speed field. The full equation of acoustics includes summands that are both square and cubic in the wave amplitude. At a small wave amplitude, the equation degenerates into the known approximate equation of nonlinear acoustics.     

16单元矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线的理论分析和数值模拟

提出了一种16单元矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线。介绍了该矩形阵列天线的提出背景以及工作原理,分析了两种电磁组合探针的耦合特性,设计并数值模拟了中心频率为4.0 GHz的16单元矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线。模拟结果表明：该口径为180 mm×180 mm 的天线在中心频率4.0 GHz 下,增益为18.24 dB,轴向轴比值1.065;在3.8～4.2 GHz的频率范围内增益大于17.89 dB,轴向轴比值小于1.2,反射系数小于0.15,口径效率大于85％。     

16单元矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线的理论分析和数值模拟

 提出了一种16单元矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线。介绍了该矩形阵列天线的提出背景以及工作原理,分析了两种电磁组合探针的耦合特性,设计并数值模拟了中心频率为4.0 GHz的16单元矩形径向线螺旋阵列天线。模拟结果表明：该口径为180 mm×180 mm 的天线在中心频率4.0 GHz 下,增益为18.24 dB,轴向轴比值1.065;在3.8～4.2 GHz的频率范围内增益大于17.89 dB,轴向轴比值小于1.2,反射系数小于0.15,口径效率大于85％。     

Theoretical study of acoustic waves supported by a film-substrate interface

By using the Green's function method, we study the dispersion of acoustic waves guided by an anisotropic film-substrate interface when the film thickness changes.     

Direct numerical simulation of spray flame/acoustic interactions

Interactions between conical spray flames and sinusoidal velocity modulations due to the propagation of acoustic waves have been studied thanks to direct numerical simulations (DNS). A 2D axi-symmetric configuration has been used to capture the evolution of the pulsating laminar flames. The DNS solver has been coupled with a Lagrangian model to account for the dispersion and evaporation of the liquid fuel in the computational domain. Four main configurations, with a unitary global equivalence ratio, have been studied. Apart from a gaseous reference case, one polydispersed and two monodispersed Bunsen-type injections with various droplets density and inertia have been simulated. DNS results are in good agreement with experimental data. For significant acoustic Stokes numbers, results showed a double effect of the modulations on the flame: a direct disturbance of the flame front and a secondary impact through the local variation of the mixture fraction due to droplets preferential segregation.     

声波的“单行道”——声二极管的理论与实验研究

作为第一个可实现电整流的器件,电子二极管的发明标志着现代电子学的诞生,并在全球范围内引发了各个领域内的革命,最终深刻地改变了我们的整个生活.声波作为一种重要的经典波,具有比电磁波更为悠久的研究历史及更为普遍的存在形式.因此,若能设计并实现一种可像电子二极管控制电流那样对声能量进行整流的声学器件,这将对声学的器件制造、实际应用乃至整个声学研究领域都产生重大影响,其学术意义及应用价值的重要性不言而喻.文章详细介绍了利用超晶格与非线性声学材料构成的声二极管的理论与实验方面的最新研究进展.     

台风“彩虹”(2015)高分辨率数值模拟及涡旋Rossby波特征分析

采用中尺度数值预报模式对2015年22号台风"彩虹"进行高分辨率的数值模拟,成功地模拟出台风"彩虹"的移动路径、强度和降水分布,尤其是在台风登陆前后,模拟结果与实况比较接近.以此为基础,利用模式输出资料,分析台风的动力、热力精细结构和台风雨带的宏观特征.眼墙处具有低层径向入流、高层径向出流的动力配置.在眼墙附近,同时存在切向风速高值区、垂直上升区、正温度距平区,并随高度向外侧倾斜,雷达回波较强,对流系统比较深厚.次级雨带、主雨带和远距离雨带的雷达回波相对较弱,对流系统垂直厚度略小.再利用尺度分离方法,得到涡旋Rossby波的扰动场资料,进一步分析涡旋Rossby波的特征.1波、2波同时朝切向和径向传播,1波的振幅明显大于2波.研究结果表明,1波、2波正涡度扰动对应强雷达回波,存在强对流活动.降水区上空的垂直涡度扰动呈上正下负的配置,与水平散度扰动的垂直配置相似时,会加强低层辐合和高层辐散,有很强的垂直上升运动,有利于对流系统发展,降水增强.1波、2波扰动的动力配置影响了对流系统的发展,并对降水强度和分布有一定的诊断作用.