总装调对心干涉仪的设计与测量精度分析

为了满足大口径光学系统各分立元件的高精度对心要求 ,设计制造了总装调对心干涉仪。介绍了仪器的工作原理及关键结构工艺 ,并对影响偏心测量的因素进行了讨论。仪器的测量精度同被测镜的曲率半径及两测量点的间距有关。当被测镜的曲率半径小于 1.5 m、两测量点的间距为 5 0 0 mm时 ,其偏心测量精度小于 1μm,仪器的测量偏心角度的最小格值达 0 .12     

Increasing the efficiency of post-selection in direct measurement of the quantum wave function

Direct weak or strong measurement of quantum wave function based on post-selections has been widely explored; however, the efficiency of the measurement is heavily limited by the success probability of post-selection. Here we propose a modified scheme to directly measure photon's wave function by simply inserting a liquid crystal plate before the post-selection stage. Numerical simulations demonstrate that our modified method can significantly increase the efficiency of post selection. Our proposal would speed up the quantum wave function measurement with high resolution and high fidelity.     

红外地平仪地球模拟器光学校准精度分析

针对适用于双圆锥扫描红外地平仪地面检测体积相对较大的地球模拟器,使用两台电子经纬仪建立三维坐标测量系统,采用全测角的方法计算并实时显示被测点的三维坐标值,可以大大提高光学校准精度。基于坐标值的计算以及地球模拟器的模拟原理,首先对地球模拟器进行精密校准,然后基于误差传递公式计算直角坐标的校准测试误差,对光学校准精度进行分析,最终实现红外地球敏感器姿态角测量的误差分析。计算与实际测量结果表明,通过使用实时三维测量系统对地球模拟器进行精密校准后,双圆锥扫描红外地平仪的姿态角模拟测试误差可降低到0.01°以下。验证了该测量系统在大型航天地面检测设备中的有效性与实用性。     

高速光电经纬仪变焦测量的测角精度分析

高速光电经纬仪的系统测角精度是一个复杂的函数关系,由多种因素决定.对一种采用了连续变焦镜头的高速光电经纬仪的测角精度进行了全面分析.首先对设备的测角总精度进行分类,并对变焦镜头在工作时产生的十字丝倾斜和所需要的焦距修正系数进行了深入的理论分析;然后通过实例和检测的情况分析了该设备的实时和事后的测角精度.为全面把握设备的...     

量子BB84协议在联合旋转噪音信道上的安全性分析

多数在理想条件下设计的量子密码协议没有考虑实际通信中噪音的影响,可能造成机密信息不能被准确传输,或可能存在窃听隐藏在噪音中的风险,因此分析噪音条件下量子密码协议的安全性具有重要的意义.为了分析量子BB84协议在联合旋转噪音信道上的安全性,本文采用粒子偏转模型,对量子信道中的联合噪音进行建模,定量地区分量子信道中噪音和窃听干扰;并且采用冯·诺依曼熵理论建立窃听者能窃取的信息量与量子比特误码率、噪音水平三者之间的函数关系,定量地分析噪音条件下量子信道的安全性;最后根据联合噪音模型及窃听者能窃取的信息量与量子比特误码率、噪音水平三者之间的关系,定量地分析了量子BB84协议在联合噪音条件下的安全性并计算噪音临界点.通过分析可知,在已有噪音水平条件下,窃听者最多能够从通信双方窃取25%的密钥,但是Eve的窃听行为会被检测出来,这样Alice和Bob会放弃当前协商的密钥,重新进行密钥协商,直至确认没有Eve的窃听为止.这个结果说明量子BB84协议在联合旋转噪音信道下的通信是安全的.     

光电经纬仪测角精度分析

测角精度是影响光电经纬仪定位功能的重要因素。为了进一步提高光电经纬仪的测角精度,对测角误差进行详细分析是必要的。从光电经纬仪的总体设计出发,找出了影响测量数据获取、转换、合成中的各项误差源,并详细分析了它们的大小和性质。通过分析光电经纬仪工作原理及结构找出了主要误差源。对机架系统的误差、测角单元误差、电气系统误差、脱靶量误差、大气折射修正误差等主要误差源进行分析计算,并对各单元进行了误差分配。最后,计算了光电经纬仪投影测角精度的均方根值。分析计算结果显示:通过精心设计、加工、检测,修正可使一部分误差减小甚至忽略,但机架系统的误差、测角单元误差、脱靶量误差对测角精度的影响仍很显著;在当前工艺水平下,光电经纬仪事后空间指向精度可以达到2。     

Improving the Precision of Multiparameter Estimation in the Teleportation of Qutrit under Amplitude Damping Noise

Since the initial discovery of quantum teleportation, it is devoted to transferring unknown quantum states from one party to another distant partner. However, in the scenarios of remote sensing, what people truly care about is the information carried by certain parameters. The problem of multiparameter estimation in the framework of qutrit teleportation under amplitude damping (AD) noise is studied. Particularly, two schemes are proposed to battle against AD noise and enhance the precision of multiparameter estimation by utilizing weak measurement (WM) and environment-assisted measurement (EAM). For two-phase parameters encoded in a qutrit state, the analytical formulas of the quantum Fisher information matrix can be obtained. The results prove that the scheme of EAM outperforms the WM one in the improvements of both independent and simultaneous estimation precision. Remarkably, the EAM scheme can completely ensure the estimation precision against the contamination by AD noise. The reason should be attributed to the fact that EAM is carried out after the AD noise. Thus, it extracts information from both the system and the environment. The findings show that the techniques of WM and EAM are helpful for remote quantum sensing and can be generalized to other qutrit-based quantum information tasks under AD decoherence.     

Promote entanglement trapping in photonic band gaps

We study the entanglement trapping of two entangled qubits, each of which is in its own photonic band gap, based on the weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal. An almost maximal entanglement of the two-qubit system can be trapped by using a certain weak measurement strength. Furthermore, we find that the optimal entanglement enhancing is not only dependent on the weak measurement strength but also on the different initial states. The outcomes in our scheme are completely different from that without any measurement on the studied system.     

Heisenberg-Type Quantum Steering by Continuous Weak Measurement in Circuit QED *

Quantum steering has attracted great interest in the last decade, especially in the celebrated optomechanical, cold atom, and quantum optical systems. However, there is still a lack of studies on quantum steering in circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED), which provides a useful experimental platform for revealing novel quantum phenomena. In this work, we investigate the steering of qubit by continuous weak measurement in a circuit QED system and establish a set of multiplicative steering inequalities based on the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Different from the widely studied systems mentioned above, multiplicative steering inequalities in the circuit QED system are in various forms. We find that only a portion of them can be used to show the detection dependence of the qubit state and we also analyze the reason. Furthermore, we discuss several conditions for the violation of a typical steering inequality, including the measurement strength and methods in detecting the cavity field as well as the quantum efficiency of the detector. This preliminary work could be helpful to quantum steering experiments in circuit QED systems.     

频差偏差对全视场外差测量精度的影响

根据全视场外差测量的相关理论,推导了频差偏差与仪器测量精度的相互关系.分析了频差大小、频差偏差、采集初始时间、初始相位、采样频率和采样周期数等相关参数对测量精度的影响.研究结果可以作为全视场外差测量设备设计、参数选取的理论依据;并给出了通过合理选择采样时间和采样帧数提高测量精度的一种方法.     

精确到二级近似下的量子隧穿概率

利用WKB法将量子隧穿计算到二级近似,给出了二级近似下粒子隧穿势垒的概率.     

Preserving entanglement and the fidelity of three-qubit quantum states undergoing decoherence using weak measurement

We demonstrate a method to preserve entanglement and improve fidelity of three-qubit quantum states undergoing amplitude-damping decoherence using weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal. It is shown that we are able to enhance entanglement to the greatest extent, and to circumvent entanglement sudden death by increasing the weak measurement strength both for the GHZ state and the W state. The weak measurement technique can also enhance the fidelity to the quantum region and even close to 1 for the whole range of the decoherence parameter in both of the two cases. In addition, the W state can maintain more fidelity than the GHZ state in the protection protocol. However, the GHZ state has a higher success probability than the W state.     

Generalized linear prediction method in phase-shifting interferometry in the presence of noise

The effectiveness of phase-shifting interferometry (PSI) techniques employing piezoelectric device PZT in the estimation of phase depends largely on the accuracy with which the phase shifts are imparted to the device and the noise influencing the measurement. Several effective algorithms have been proposed to compute the phase shifts imparted to the device and subsequently obtain the phase using least-squares estimation technique. In this paper, we propose a generalized approach, which accurately estimates the phase shifts in the presence of noise. The method is based on the idea of linear prediction and explores the fact that sampling more data frames yields a reliable phase step estimate in a least-squares sense. We also compare our method with a commonly used generalized phase-shifting method based on histogram analysis and show that our proposed approach is highly effective. We also present simulation and experimental validations of our proposed method.     

Phase measurement accuracy of feedback interferometers

Feedback interferometers are described with specific reference to potential applications in micro-machines. A theoretical analysis is developed to determine the linearity, stability, and noise performance of this type of interferometer. The theoretical analysis was tested using a prototype high-precision feedback interferometer which showed that, at a feedback loop gain which enabled the system to track 6 fringes, the linearity of the interferometer was better than λ/100 and single phase measurements could be made with an accuracy of λ/80.     

Improving the teleportation of quantum Fisher information under non-Markovian environment

Quantum teleportation is designed to send an unknown quantum state between two parties. In the perspective of remote quantum metrology, one may be interested in teleporting the information that is encoded by physical parameters synthesized by quantum Fisher information (QFI). However, the teleported QFI is often destroyed by the unavoidable interaction between the system and the environment. Here, we propose two schemes to improve the teleportation of QFI in the non-Markovian environment. One is to control the quantum system through the operations of weak measurement (WM) and corresponding quantum measurement reversal (QMR). The other is to modify the quantum system based on the monitoring result of the environment (i.e., environment-assisted measurement, EAM). It is found that, in the non-Markovian environment, these two schemes can improve the teleportation of QFI. By selecting the appropriate strengths of WM and QMR, the environment noise can be completely eliminated and the initial QFI is perfectly teleported. A comprehensive comparison shows that the second scheme not only has a higher probability of success than the first one, but also has a significant improvement of the teleported QFI.     

Amplifying and freezing of quantum coherence using weak measurement and quantum measurement reversal

We analyze universal conditions where the l_1 norm and relative entropy of coherence are amplified and frozen under identical bit-flip channels;that is,using pre-measurements(quantum weak measurements or quantum measurement reversals) on the systems before undergoing local bit-flip channels.With the option of quantum weak measurements or quantum measurement reversals,the measurement strength and the success probability are all determined by the initial state of the quantum system.     

Bidirectional multi-qubit quantum teleportation in noisy channel aided with weak measurement

Recently,bidirectional quantum teleportation has attracted a great deal of research attention.However,existing bidirectional teleportation schemes are normally discussed on the basis of perfect quantum environments.In this paper,we first put forward a bidirectional teleportation scheme to transport three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ) states based on controled-not(CNOT) operation and single-qubit measurement.Then,we generalize it to the teleportation of multi-qubit GHZ states.Further,we discuss the influence of quantum noise on our scheme by the example of an amplitude damping channel,then we obtain the fidelity of the teleportation.Finally,we utilize the weak measurement and the corresponding reversing measurement to protect the quantum entanglement,which shows an effective enhancement of the teleportation fidelity.     

基于时/频域分析的光电吊舱稳定精度测试方法研究北大核心CSCD

稳定精度作为光电吊舱的关键性能指标之一,开展瞄准线稳定精度测试方法研究对于光电吊舱测试与验收具有重要意义。结合粗精组合稳定光电系统,提出一种基于时/频域分析的稳定精度测试方法。通过采集随机振动环境下惯性速率传感器和光学补偿元件的角位置信号,基于信号时域分析,得到图像漂移角速率、抖动及概率分布情况;基于信号频域分析,得到瞄准线角位置信号的功率谱密度。提出频段稳定精度贡献度,用于评估不同频段对稳定精度的影响程度;采用二级稳定效能提升度,评价二级稳定在不同频段对系统稳定性能的提升程度。该方法可以直观展示图像抖动及概率分布情况,同时给出影响瞄准线稳定精度的频率要素,对于指导机电系统设计具有重要的工程应用价值。     

Theoretical description of improving measurement accuracy for incoherence Mie Doppler wind lidar

For the nonlinearity of Fabry-Perot interferometer(FPI) transmission spectrum,the measurement uncertainty of incoherent Mie Doppler wind lidar based on it increases evidently with the increase of backscattering signal Doppler shift.A method of repeating the use of the approximate linear part of FPI transmission spectra for reducing the high uncertainty of a big Doppler shift is proposed.One of the ways of realizing this method is discussed in detail,in which the characteristics of FPI transmission spectrum changing with thickness and incident angle are utilized simultaneously.Under different atmosphere conditions,it has been proved theoretically that the range of measurement uncertainty drops to one-sixth while its minimum has no serious change.This method can be used not only to guide the new system design,but also as a new working way for the fabricated system.     

红外密集度光电立靶精度分析

介绍了红外密集度光电立靶的基本原理。利用误差传递公式,对红外密集度立靶的测量精度进行了分析。结果表明:红外光电立靶测试系统是一种灵敏度高、精度高、效率高的测试仪器。