一类具非标准增长条件和零阶项的抛物方程的存在性结果

在变指数背景下,我们考虑了一类具零阶项的抛物方程解的存在性结果. 存在性的证明在本质上依赖于选取合适的检验函数,这些检验函数要同时兼顾方程右端源项的可积性和零阶项. 利用先验估计和极限分析,借助于Young测度方法确立了非线性项的弱收敛元.     

Nonlinear free surface condition due to second order diffraction by a pair of cylinders

An analysis of the non-homogeneous term involved in the free surface condition for second order wave diffraction on a pair of cylinders is presented. In the computations of the nonlinear loads on offshore structures the most challenging task is the computation of the free surface integral. The main contribution to this integrand is due to the nonhomogeneous term present in the free surface condition for second order scattered potential. In this paper, the free surface condition for the second order scattered potential is derived. Under the assumption of large spacing between the two cylinders, waves scattered by one cylinder may be replaced in the vicinity of the other cylinder by equivalent plane waves together with non-planner correction terms. Then solving a complex matrix equation, the first order scattered potential is derived and since the free surface term for second order scattered potential can be expressed in terms of the first order potentials, the free surface term can be obtained using the knowledge of first order potentials only.     

A functional partial differential equation arising in a cell growth model with dispersion

In this paper we solve an initial‐boundary value problem that involves a pde with a nonlocal term. The problem comes from a cell division model where the growth is assumed to be stochastic. The deterministic version of this problem yields a first‐order pde; the stochastic version yields a second‐order parabolic pde. There are no general methods for solving such problems even for the simplest cases owing to the nonlocal term. Although a solution method was devised for the simplest version of the first‐order case, the analysis does not readily extend to the second‐order case. We develop a method for solving the second‐order case and obtain the exact solution in a form that allows us to study the long time asymptotic behaviour of solutions and the impact of the dispersion term. We establish the existence of a large time attracting solution towards which solutions converge exponentially in time. The dispersion term does not appear in the exponential rate of convergence.     

信用支付下基于收益共享契约的网购供应链协调策略研究

信用支付在网购交易中成为了日益重要的支付方式,考虑网络零售商能否在规定的免息期内支付货款两种情形,针对实际延迟支付时间影响网络零售商订货量问题,建立当网络零售商面临不确定的市场需求时的网购供应链决策模型,运用逆向归纳法分析供应商、网络零售商对相关参数的决策并设计收益共享契约实现网购供应链的协调。结果表明:网络零售商的订购量不会随着网络零售商实际支付时间的无限延长而持续增加,只有在供应商规定的免息期内,信用支付策略才会对订购量具有激励作用;两种情形下只要收益共享系数满足一定条件都能够实现网购供应链的协调。最后利用数值算例对上述结论进行了验证。     

Global attractor for a low order ODE model problem for transition to turbulence

Many researchers have studied simple low order ODE model problems for fluid flows in order to gain new insight into the dynamics of complex fluid flows. We investigate the existence of a global attractor for a low order ODE system that has served as a model problem for transition to turbulence in viscous incompressible fluid flows. The ODE system has a linear term and an energy‐conserving, non‐quadratic nonlinearity. Standard energy estimates show that solutions remain bounded and converge to a global attractor when the linear term is negative definite, that is, the linear term is energy decreasing; however, numerical results indicate the same result is true in some cases when the linear term does not satisfy this condition. We give a new condition guaranteeing solutions remain bounded and converge to a global attractor even when the linear term is not energy decreasing. We illustrate the new condition with examples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一维定常型对流占优扩散方程的一类迎风有限体积格式

本文针对一维定常型对流占优扩散方程提出了一类迎风有限体积格式 .该格式对对流项具有二阶精度 ,对扩散项保持一阶精度 ,符合对流占优扩散问题强对流、弱扩散的特点 .     

一类超前型微分差分方程的有界解及其渐近性质

本文考虑具有扰动项的超前型微分差分方程,证明了当退化方程具有负指数阶的有界解且扰动项满足一定条件时,扰动方程也具有负指数阶的有界解.     

A lexicographic path order with slow growing derivation bounds

This paper is concerned with implicit computational complexity of the exptime computable functions. Modifying the lexicographic path order, we introduce a path order EPO. It is shown that a termination proof for a term rewriting system via EPO implies an exponential bound on the lengths of derivations. The path order EPO is designed so that every exptime function is representable as a term rewrite system compatible with EPO (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Distribution of zeta zeros and the oscillation of the error term of the prime number theorem

An 84-year-old classical result of Ingham states that a rather general zero-free region of the Riemann zeta function implies an upper bound for the absolute value of the remainder term of the prime number theorem. In 1950 Tur´an proved a partial conversion of the mentioned theorem of Ingham. Later the author proved sharper forms of both Ingham’s theorem and its conversion by Tur´an. The present work shows a very general theorem which describes the average and the maximal order of the error terms by a relatively simple function of the distribution of the zeta zeros. It is proved that the maximal term in the explicit formula of the remainder term coincides with high accuracy with the average and maximal order of the error term.     

鱼骨形网格上二阶方程混合元的超收敛

In this paper, superconvergence of the lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite element approximation for second order Neumann boundary value problem on fishbone shape meshes is analyzed. The main term of the error between the exact solution and the finite element interpolating function is determined by Bramble-Hilbert lemma on the individual finite element. A part of the main term of the error on two adjacent finite elements can be cancelled along the special direction, and thus the higher order error estimate is obtained on the whole domain by summation. Compared with the general finite element error estimate,the convergence rate can be increased from order one to order two in L2-norm by postprocessing superconvergence technique.     

Freidlin-Wentzell's large deviations for stochastic evolution equations

We prove a Freidlin-Wentzell large deviation principle for general stochastic evolution equations with small perturbation multiplicative noises. In particular, our general result can be used to deal with a large class of quasi-linear stochastic partial differential equations, such as stochastic porous medium equations and stochastic reaction-diffusion equations with polynomial growth zero order term and p-Laplacian second order term.     

An incentive-compatible solution for trade credit term incorporating default risk

This paper studies the optimal trade credit term decision in an extended economic ordering quantity (EOQ) framework that incorporates a default risk component. A principal-agent bilevel programming model with costs minimization objectives is set up to derive the incentive-compatible credit term. The supplier determines the credit term as the leader in the first level programming, by balancing her/his financing capacity with the retailer’s default risk, order behavior and cost shifting. At the second level, the retailer makes decisions on ordering and payment time by reacting on the term offered by the supplier. A first order condition solution procedure is derived for the bilevel programming when credit term is confined within the practically feasible interval. Two key results are obtained – the condition to derive incentive-compatible credit term, and an equation system to derive threshold default risk criterion filtering retailers suitable for credit granting. Numerical experiments show that the capital cost of the supplier is the most important factor determining the credit term. Default risk acts like a filtering criterion for selecting retailers suitable for credit granting. Empirical evidence supporting our theoretical considerations is obtained by estimating three panel econometric models, using a dataset from China’s listed companies.     

一类非线性脉冲中立抛物型分布参数系统的振动条件

研究一类带中立项及高阶Laplace算子的非线性脉冲抛物型分布参数系统在第一类边值条件下的振动性问题,利用处理中立项及高阶Laplace算子的技巧和积分平均方法,建立了该类系统所有解振动的若干新的充分性条件.所得结论充分表明系统振动是由脉冲量和时滞量引起的.     

Second order necessary optimality conditions for minimizing a sup-type function

The second derivative of an envelope cannot be expressed only by second derivatives of the constituent functions. By taking account of this fact, we derive new second order necessary optimality conditions for minimization of a sup-type function. The conditions involve an extra term besides the second derivative of the Lagrange function. Furthermore, we will comment on the relationship between the extra term and a kind of second order directional derivative of the sup-type function.     

Asymptotic and exponential stability of certain third-order non-linear delayed differential equations: Frequency domain method

We use the frequency domain method to prove that the zero solution of certain third order nonlinear delayed differential equations is asymptotically stable, (when there is no forcing term). We also prove the existence of a bounded solution which is exponentially stable, (when there is a bounded forcing term). The situation for which the non-linear term is delayed is also proved.     

The asymptotic behavior of degenerate oscillatory integrals in two dimensions

A theorem of Varchenko gives the order of decay of the leading term of the asymptotic expansion of a degenerate oscillatory integral with real-analytic phase in two dimensions. His theorem expresses this order of decay in a simple geometric way in terms of its Newton polygon once one is in certain coordinate systems called adapted coordinate systems. In this paper, we give explicit formulas that not only provide the order of decay of the leading term, but also the coefficient of this term. There are three rather different formulas corresponding to three different types of Newton polygon. Analogous results for sublevel integrals are proven, as are some analogues for the more general case of smooth phase. The formulas require one to be in certain “superadapted” coordinates. These are a type of adapted coordinate system which we show exists for any smooth phase.     

Estimate of the second term in the spectral asymptotic of Cauchy transform

We give the best possible (respecting to order) estimate of the remainder term in spectral asymptotics of the Cauchy operator and the logarithmic potential type operator. Also, we state a conjecture on the exact value of the remainder term.     

A full second order variational model for multiscale texture analysis

We present a second order image decomposition model to perform denoising and texture extraction. We look for the decomposition f=u+v+w where u is a first order term, v a second order term and w the (0 order) remainder term. For highly textured images the model gives a two-scale texture decomposition: u can be viewed as a macro-texture (larger scale) whose oscillations are not too large and w is the micro-texture (very oscillating) that may contain noise. We perform mathematical analysis of the model and give numerical examples.     

The undecidability of the second order predicate unification problem

We prove that the second order predicate unification problem is undecidable by reducing the second order term unification problem to it.     

ESTIMATE OF THE UPPER CRITICAL FIELD AND CONCENTRATION FOR SUPERCONDUCTOR

The effect of an applied magnetic field on an inhomogeneous superconductor is studied and the value of the upper critical magnetic field Hc3 at which superconductivity can nucleate is estimated. In addition, the authors locate the concentration of the order parameter, which depends on the inhomogeneous term a(x). Unlikely to the homogeneous case, the order parameter may concentrate in the interior of the superconducting material, due to the influence of the inhomogeneous term a(x).