高能散射与αqRegge轨迹

我们引进一个具有真空量子数的新的Regge轨迹α_q,α_q(0)=α_p(0)=1,但α′_q(0)≠α′_p(0)。在高能非交换过程中α_q和α_p同时参与贡献且相互干涉,其结果和一个等效的Regge轨迹α_e相当,唯α_e的斜率α′_e(0)与过程有关,这与单一α_p轨迹的结论有本质的区别。根据我们的看法,由不同过程测得的α′_e(0)将有不同数值,这点和最近的实验是相容的,并且预期将来K-N散射所测的α′_e(0)亦将另取他值。α_q轨迹的存在将不改变高能相关过程总截面的关系,但使高能核子极化度随能量增大较缓慢地衰减。     

费米子Regge轨迹的解析性和阈行为

从π介子核子散射振幅出发,根据Mandelstam表示和么正条件,对于奇异量子数为零、重子数为1的费米子Regge轨迹,求得了下列结果:(1)位置参数α(s)的解析性,只有右方物理割而无左方动力割,但是左方有从s=0到-∞的运动学割。(2)当s<0时α(s)取复数值,并且还有一条同它成复共轭(在s<0范围内)的Regge轨迹。这一对轨迹它们的J-宇称相同,但是空间宇称相反。02时,α(s)为实数。不同宇称的轨迹对s的依赖不同。(3)讨论了费米子Regge迹在阈能(W₀=M+μ)附近的行为。凡是与共振态、束缚态有关的Regge轨迹,α(W₀)≠0。求得了在阈附近的表示,定性方面同玻色子轨迹相同。(4)还有一大类Regge轨迹,它们同共振态、束缚态无关,α(W₀)=0。这类轨迹在能量趋近阈能时,有无穷多个极点趋于ReJ=0(即我们在费米子情况下得到Gribov-Pomeranchuk极点凝聚现象),这类轨迹当能量由阈下趋于阈时,从J平面左半平面共轭成对趋于ReJ=0;当能量从阈上趋于阈时,成对地从第一和第三象限趋于ReJ=0。所有这些极点实数部分Reα→0比虚数部分Imα→0快一或二个数量级。J平面原点是一个凝聚点,这类“非动力”的Regge轨迹阈行为,无论对玻色子、费米子,以至非相对论势散射,定性都相似(只是凝聚的轴线和点不同)。它们实际上是s矩阵在阈的普遍性质的反映。     

Be9(d,p),(d,t),(d,a)反应研究

本文在E_d=0.1—2.5MeV能量范围内,研究了Be⁹(d,p₀)Be¹⁰(0),Be⁹(d,p₁)Be¹⁰(3.368MeV),Be⁹(d,t₀)Be⁸(0),Be⁹(d,α₀)Li⁷(0)及Be⁹(d,α₁)Li⁷(0.478MeV)诸反应。在E_d=0.150,0.220,0.401,0.706,1.005,1.301,1.484,1.750,2.000,2.250和2.500MeV共十一个能量上分别测量了这五群出射粒子在θ_L=10—155°区间的角分布。在θ_L=135°,E_d=0.1—2.5MeV,在θ_L=95°,E_d=0.1—2.2MeV,和在θ_L=112.5°,E_d=0.5—2.5MeV测量了Be⁹(d,p₀)Be¹⁰的激发函数。在θ_L=135°和112.5°,E_d=1.2MeV,用较厚靶(100—300μg/cm²)测量了Be⁹(d,p₀)Be¹⁰(0)反应的截面绝对值,结果为σ_(p0)(θ_L=135°)=1.60mb/sr,σ_(p0)(θ_L=112.5°)=1.55mb/sr。这样就得到了在此能区内,这五群出射粒子的截面情况。对所得结果进行了一些讨论。     

Pomeron的胶子内容

指出Pomeron可以被看作为具有Regge轨道α_p(t)=1.08+0.2GeV^－2t的Regge化的胶子球.理论成功地预言了实验上观测到的质子一质子弹性散射的总截面.理论与实验的最好符合给出了张量胶子球到质子反质子道的衰变宽度为9±3MeV,其总宽度大于50MeV.并且排除了张量胶子球的自旋为4的可能性.     

关于标量介子的研究

基于a₀(980)和D^*_sJ(2317)属于1 ³P₀介子多重态这个主要假定, 在准线性Regge轨迹方案下估计了1 ³P₀介子多重态成员的质量. 在介子-介子混合的框架下,建议a₀(980), K^*₀(1052), f₀(1099)和f₀(530)组成基态标量介子九重态, 并且f₀(1099)主要由ss组成,而f₀(530)主要是uu+dd. 这些态可能分别对应已观察到的标量态a₀(980), κ(900), f₀(980)和f₀(600)/σ. 另外, 在胶球为主的图像下, 估计基态标量胶球的质量大约为1340MeV. 给出的结果与其他不同方法给出的结果是一致的.     

γ′晶体的蠕变及持久性能

本文报导了对以Ni₃Al为基的r′单晶体所做的蠕变及持久试验的结果。结果表明,r′晶体的稳态蠕变速ε_s遵从 ε_s=Cσ^mexp(-Q_c′/RT) 的关系。指数m仅和温度有关。m(850℃)=3.95,m(950℃)=3.62。对Ni₃Al,Q_c′=88kcal/g-at。合金元素Ti,Nb,W都使Q_c′升高,其中Nb的作用最大,然而W在提高蠕变强度上最有效。晶体取向对ε_s有显著影响。<111>取向的Ni₃Al晶体ε_s最低,持久寿命t_r最长。在1050℃,σ=5kg/mm²时,t_r可≥100小时,Ni₃Al单晶体也同样符合Monkman-Grant关系t_r(ε_s)^p=常数,其中p=0.82。r′晶体蠕变中的滑移系统是{111}<211>。     

全局耦合网络上的两种类集团的聚集-湮没反应动力学

利用Monte-Carlo模拟研究了全局耦合网络上扩散限制的不可逆聚集-湮没过程的动力学行为. 在系统中, 同种类集团相遇, 将发生聚集反应; 不同种类的集团相遇, 则发生部分湮没反应. 模拟结果表明:1) 当两种粒子初始浓度相等时, 系统长时间演化后, 集团浓度c(t)和粒子浓度g(t)呈现幂律形式, c(t)～t^{- α}和g(t)～t^-β, 其中幂指数α 和β 满足α=2β 的关系, 且α=2/(2 + q); 集团大小分布随时间的演化满足标度律, a_kt)=k^-τt^-ω\varPhi (k/t^z), 其中τ≈-1.27q, ω≈(3 + 1.27q)/(2 + q), z=α/2=1/(2 + q); 2) 当两种粒子初始浓度不相等时, 系统经长时间演化后, 初始浓度较小的种类完全湮没, 而初始浓度较大的那个种类的集团浓度c_A(t)仍具有幂律形式, c_A(t)～t^-α, 其中α=1/(1+q), 其集团大小分布随时间的演化也满足标度律, 标度指数为τ≈-1.27q, ω≈(2 + 1.27q)/(1 + q)和z=α=1/(1 + q). 模拟结果与已报道的理论分析结果相符得很好.     

一种新型的两态叠加多模叠加态光场的广义非线性等阶N次方H压缩

本文根据量子力学中的线性叠加原理,构造了由多模(即 q模)相干态的相反态 | {-Z_j}〉_q及多模虚相干态的相反态 | {-iZ_j}〉_q 这两者的线性叠加所组成的一种新型的两态叠加多模叠加态光场 | ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q 利用新近建立的多模压缩态理论,详细研究了态 | ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q 的广义非线性等阶N次方H压缩特性 结果发现:1)当压缩阶数N与腔模总数q这两者之积为偶数,亦即当q·N =2p且p =2m(m =1,2,3,…,…)时,态 | ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q恒处于等阶N-H最小测不准态;2)当q·N =2p且 p =2m′+ 1(m′ =0,1,2,3,…,…)时,如果各模的初始相位之和 、态间的初始相位差(θ_nq^(I)-θ_nq^(R))、各多模相干态光场的总的平均光子数 以及 [(θ_nq^(I)-θ_nq^(R))+ ]等满足一定的量子化条件时,态 | ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q 总可呈现出周期性变化的、任意阶的等阶N次方H压缩效应;3)当压缩阶数N与腔模总数 q这两者之积为奇数时,亦即当 q·N =2p + 1时,无论 p =2m(m =0,1,2,3,…,…)还是 p =2m′ + 1(m′ =0,1,2,3,…,…),只要各模初始相位之和 满足一定的量子化条件,则当两态叠加几率幅满足r_nq^(R) =r_nq^(I) 时,态 | ψ_msc⁽²⁾〉_q 就恒处于N-H测不准态     

31.2MeV α 粒子在10,11B核上的反应机制的-EFRDWBA分折

利用Mars-Saturn程序对31.2MeV α 粒子在^10,11B核上的反应机制进行了EFR-DWBA的分析.结果表明:对于反应^10,11B(α,t_0,1)^11,12C、¹⁰B(α,t_0,1)¹²C_0,1和¹⁰B(α,p₀)¹³C而言,直接的削裂反应是主要的; 而对于反应¹¹B(α,d₀)¹³C,则是直接的削裂反应的非相干相加; 对于¹¹B(α,p₀)¹⁴C反应,则是上述两种机制相加适合于前、后角区,两中间角区的峰表明复合核反应机制似乎也应考虑进去.     

无定形靶中离子注入的R,Rp,△Rp的理论计算

本文在Thomas-Fermi势能基础上,导出了全射程R的解析解:R=2/a[E^1/2-A₁(arctg(2E^1/2-f)/△^1/2+arctg f/△^1/2)+B₁ln((E^1/2-f)²)/(E-fE^1/2+d) ·d/f²],其中A₁,B₁,f,d和△均为与离子及靶的质量、原子序数有关的常数。结合导出的η=R/(R_p)(R_p指投影射程)比值的双曲线函数关系 η=F(μ)[A₂(μ)+(B₂(μ))/(ε^1/2+C)],和ω=R_p/△R_p(△R_p指投影射程的标准偏差)比值的线性关系ω=A₃(μ)ε^1/21/2+B₃(μ),可简便而又准确地计算R,△R_p,R_p.这里F(μ),A₂(μ),B₂(μ), B₃(μ)和A₃(μ)为μ的代数函数,μ为离子与靶的质量比,C是经验常数.并对η等关系式的物理意义作了讨论。上述公式的计算结果与Gibbons的数值解结果及有关实验结果作了比较,表明可用于元素半导体如Si、二元化合物如GaAs以及三元化合物如SiO₂等;既对较轻离子适用,也对重离子适用,具有一定的普适范围。     

Dual analytic model of generalized parton distributions

A model for generalized parton distributions (GPDs) in the form of ∼(x/g ₀)^{(1−x)ᾶ(t)}, where ᾶ(t) = α(t) − α(0) is the nonlinear part of the Regge trajectory and g ₀ is a parameter, g ₀ > 1, is presented. For linear trajectories, it reduces to earlier proposals. We compare the calculated moments of these GPDs with the experimental data on form factors and find that the effects from the nonlinearity of Regge trajectories are large. By Fourier transforming the obtained GPDs, we access the spatial distribution of protons in the transverse plane. The relation between dual amplitudes with Mandelstam analyticity and composite models in the infinite-momentum frame is discussed, the integration variable in dual models being associated with the quark longitudinal-momentum fraction x in the nucleon. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

α-碘酸锂的电流弛豫和偏压场作用下表观介电常数弛豫行为

本工作较为详细地测定了静电场作用下α-碘酸锂的电流弛豫行为:在撤去c轴方向上的静电场后,从我们所用测量电流仪器的响应时间到某一t_k的区间内,放电电流服从(t/t₀)^-α的负幂次方律;而在t>t_k,其规律近似地为:(t/t₀)^{(-α′ln(t/t₀))}。相关的弛豫参数α,α′和t_k在有限的范围内,依赖于温度和施加电压的大小,也因样品不同而有差异。对将近十个样品进行了测试,结果表明,大多数晶体在尽可能小的电压下0.43≤α≤0.7,0.07<α′<0.09;上述的电流弛豫表达式与α-碘酸锂在偏压场作用下观察到的其它物理现象的弛豫行为,与在中子衍射加强和表观介电常数中的表现如出一辙;可以初步肯定各种现象的弛豫行为具有相同的物理根源。 关键词：     

Glueball spectrum and Pomeron in the Wilson loop approach

Using a nonperturbative method based on the asymptotic behavior of Wilson loops, we calculate the masses of glueballs and the corresponding Regge trajectories. The only input is the string tension fixed by the meson Regge slope, while perturbative contributions to spin splittings are defined by standard α_s values. The masses of the lowest glueball states are in a perfect agreement with lattice results. The leading glueball trajectory, which is associated with the Pomeron is discussed in detail, and its mixing with f and f′ trajectories is taken into account.     

Experimental limits on the lowest possible mass horizontal gauge boson in SU(2) H

A unified picture of both soft and hard hadronic collisions is suggested. The basis idea is to use Regge trajectories of the type $$\alpha (t) = \alpha (0) - \gamma ln (1 + \beta \sqrt {t_0 - t} )$$ in dual models with Mandelstam analyticity. The idea is applied to elastic proton-proton scattering to derive kinematical boundaries of the asymptotic (Regge-t _R and scaling-S _sc.,t _sc.) regimes, to fix the angular dependence in the scaling-and thet-dependence in the Regge domain of the scattering amplitude and to interpolate between the two asymptotic domains.     

Regge theory and QCD in large-angle scattering

We argue that exclusive processes whose cross-sections are determined by Regge pole trajectory exchanges, α(t), at small momentum transfers (t), are controlled by these same exchanges at very large |t| too. The analysis is based on a Reggeized version of the constituent interchange model (CIM), which predicts that α(t)→?1 ast→?∞, and that the asymptotic form of the Regge residues is fixed by the dimensional counting rules and CIM constraints. Between the two regimes of soft and hard scattering there is an intermediate region where Regge cuts are important, but these higher-twist effects die away as |t| is increased. We show that this hypothesis is consistent with high energy nucleon-nucleon and pion-nucleon scattering at all angles.     

Secondary vacuum trajectories and scalar meson exchange

A new second vacuum trajectory passing throughf*(1515) and σ(548), α(t)=? 0.3+t, is proposed, which, together with α_p″(t=0)=? 0.5, overcomes the failure of Igi's original superconvergent πN sum rule and avoids the ghost-state of the conventionalP′-trajectory. The negative residue att=0 confirms the repulsive contribution of a vacuum pole component withJ=0 to the generalizeds-reaction potential, as postulated by Chew (1965). TheP- andP′-poles can build the non resonating background. The Gell-Mann nonsense mechanism at the negative integers with wrong signature explains the dips in the elastic π^± p-scattering att=?0.7, ?2.7 and ?4.5 (GeV/c)². σ(∞) for πN reactions turns out to be 24.3 mb, if α _p (t=0)=1, but the best fits to the total πN cross sections for pion momenta between 2 and 29 GeV/c yield α _p (t=0)=0.93.     

The s-channel dual absorptive model as a consequence also of t-channel absorption

The dual absorptive model applied to t-channel predicts that Regge residues above threshold are I_n-functions which for t ? 0, for the leading trajectory, are simply J_n(R_o√−t). Thus s-channel absorptive models can be expressed entirely in terms of t-channel quantities. Implications to complex Regge poles is discussed.