A study of the phospholipids of kenaf

Summary The fatty-acid composition of the combined phospholipids and also of the main and two minor components of the phospholipids have been studied. On the basis of the results of acid hydrolysis and also IR spectroscopy, the glycerophospholipid structure of the main components of the total material has been confirmed. These main components have been subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis: the position distribution of the fatty acids have been determined and, from these, the possible diglyceride compositions of the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols have been calculated. It has been shown that the phospholipids are accompanied by 35–40% of carbohydrates which have been characterized qualitatively as disaccharides.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 289–293, May–June, 1976.     

Composition of the phospholipids of the cotton plant Gossipium barbadense

Summary 1. The fatty-acid compositions of the oil, the total phospholipids, and the main groups of phospholipids of the seed kernels of the fine-fibered cotton plant of variety 5904-I have been determined. The complete qualitative identity of the acids present in them and quantitative similarity of the acids in the oil and in the total phospholipids have been shown: in the degree of increasing saturation the phospholipids form the following sequence: phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols.2. It has been established by enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₂ of kufi venom that the unsaturated fatty acids are present in position of the PCh, PE, and PI molecules — to the extent of 90.6%, 96.5%, and 85.4%, respectively.3. From the position distribution of the fatty acids in the phospholipids, their possible molecular compositions have been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 693–697, November–December, 1975.     

Phospholipids of seeds of kenaf of the variety "Uzbekskii-1503"

Summary The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the combined phospholipids of the seeds of kenaf of the variety "Uzbekskii-1503" have been determined for the first time.The fatty-acid composition of the combined phospholipids and triglycerides and also of the main and two minor components of the phospholipids have been studied. On the basis of the results of acid hydrolysis and of IR spectroscopy, the glycerophospholipid structures of the main and minor components of the total material have been confirmed. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the main fractions of the total material has been performed: the position distribution of the fatty acids has been determined and from this the possible molecular compositions of the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidy lethanolamines, and phosphatidy linositols have been calculated. Kenaf seeds can serve as a source of the medicinal preparation phytin.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 485–487, July–August, 1977.     

Position specificity of the fatty acids in the phospholipids of the cotton plant variety 108-F

Summary It has been shown by enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A that it is mainly unsaturated fatty acids that are esterified in positions of the PC, PE, and PI molecules (93.2, 86.2, and 76.8%, respectively), which is normal for phospholipids.From the results on the position distribution of the fatty acids we have calculated the possible molecular compositions of the PCs, PEs, and PIs.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 589–590, September–October, 1976.     

Molecular composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine of the cotton plant of variety S-6029

An N-arylphosphatidylethanolamine has been isolated from the total phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety S-6029. The composition and the position distribution of the fatty-acid radicals has been studied with the aid of enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₁ (from the fungusRhisophus microsporus UzLT-1) and by alkaline and acid hydrolyses. From the results obtained, the possible molecular composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine has been calculated by Coleman's method. The total number of all the molecular species amounted to 720.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 780–783, November–December, 1979.     

Action of snake venom phospholipase A2 on analogs of phosphatidylcholine

Summary The hydrolysis by phospholipase A₂ of the following synthetic phospholipids has been investigated: 2-oleoyl-1-palmitoyl-3-sn-glycerophosphorylcholine, 4-stearoyloxybutylphosphorylcholine, 4-oleoyloxy-5-palmitoyloxypentylphosphorylcholine, and 2-(hexadecyloxycarbonyl)ethylphosphorylcholine.M. M. Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Priorodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 413–415, May–June, 1975.     

Phospholipids of Crambe amabilis

Summary The phospholipid complex of seeds of the plantCrambe amabilis has been studied for the first time. From the combined phospholipids freed from carbohydrates three main components (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol) and four minor components (lysophosphatidylcholine, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and N-acyllysophosphatidylethanolamine) have been isolated and characterized.The position distributions of the fatty acids in the phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine molecules have been determined by enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₂. On the basis of these results, their possible molecular compositions have been calculated. The compositions of the fatty acids esterified in the glyceride moiety and acylating the nitrogen atom in the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine molecule have been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 502–505, July–August, 1977.     

Hydrogenation of the phosphatidylcholine of Helianthus annuus

Summary 1. The optimum conditions have been found for the exhaustive hydrogenation of chromatographically pure phosphatidylcholine of plant origin on a Pd/Al catalyst.2. It has been shown that under the conditions of the enzymatic hydrolysis of the hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine by kufi venom phospholipase A at pH 10.15 the specificity and activity of the enzyme are retained.3. The main physical and chemical indices of the hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine and of the products of its hydrolysis are given.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 38–41, January–February, 1976.     

Structural investigations of the phospholipids of the sunflower

Summary Investigations of the phospholipids of sunflower seeds have been performed which have confirmed the known structures of the phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines. It has been established that the inositophosphatides have the structure of monophosphoinositides. The fatty acid compositions of the individual groups of phospholipids have been studied: they consist mainly of the same selection of acids as the phospholipid complex with the glycerides of the sunflower. The phospholipids form a sequence with respect to increasing saturation: phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, bis-phosphatidic acids, monophosphoinositides.A solvent system for the identification of the water-soluble products of the acid hydrolysis of phospholipids by chromatography in a thin layer of silica gel has been proposed.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 3–7, January, 1971.     

Polysaccharides of plant tissue cultures. III. Enzymatic hydrolysis of industrial wastes of the biomass of a ginseng tissue culture

Questions of the enzymatic hydrolysis of industrial wastes of the biomass of a ginseng tissue culture by Pektofoetidin P10× (I), Tsellyulaza P10× (II), and Tsellokoningin P10× (III) are discussed. The optimum conditions permitting the hydrolysis of the wastes by the following respective percentages have been selected: (I) 62; (II) 43; (III) 54. Subsequent treatment of the wastes with mineral acids raises the total degree of hydrolysis to 84–88%. The monocarbohydrate compositions of the hydrolysates have been studied by chromatographic methods.Student I. B. Smirnova took part in the work.M. V. Frunze Simferopol' State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 492–499, July–August, 1988.     

Phospholipids of Gossypium barbadense

Summary From the total phospholipids of the cotton plant of the thin-fibered variety 5904-I(Gossypium barbadense) chromatographically homogeneous fractions of phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylinositols have been isolated. The well-known glycerophospholipid structure of these fractions has been established on the basis of their IR spectra and the products of their acid hydrolysis.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 558–560, September–October, 1974.     

Phospholipids of kenaf of variety Opytnyi-1847

The total phospholipids of kenaf of variety Opytnyi-1847 and homogeneous fractions of them have been studied. A known law has been confirmed — positions 2 of the main fractions of phospholipids are esterified predominantly with unsaturated fatty acids and in N-aceylated phospholipids the amide-bound acids are more saturated than the O-acyls.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 775–777, November–December, 1980.     

Oxygenated triacylglycerols of the lipids ofOnopordum acanthium seeds

The results on the structure and composition of the epoxyacyl-, hydroxyacyl-, and epoxyacylhydroxyacylacylglycerols ofOnopordum acanthium L. seeds obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis have been supplemented with the aid of mass spectrometry. The desirability of using a combination of the two methods for these purposes has been shown.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 656–670, September–October, 1993.     

Study of the fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the phospholipids ofPsoralea seeds

Summary The fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the phospholipids of Psoralea seeds have been studied for the first time. It has been established that the total phospholipids consist of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, N-acyl-PEs, N-acyllyso-PEs, lysophosphatidylcholines, and, possibly, phosphatidylglycerols, and also of two unidentified phospholipids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 12–14, January–February, 1979.     

Polysaccharides ofEremurus. XXI. Pectin substances of the leaves ofEremurus regelii

The pectin substances have been isolated fromEremurus regelii Vved., their qualitative and quantitative monosaccharide compositions have been determined, and their physicochemical properties have been studied. The partial hydrolysis of the pectin gave a galacturonan. On the basis of the results of periodate-nitric acid oxidation, enzymatic hydrolysis, and methylation it has been shown that in the galacturoman the galacturonic acid residues are linked by -(1 4)-glycosidic bonds.Deceased.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 172–174, March–April, 1985.     

Phospholipids of kenaf during its growth

The change in the fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the total phospholipids in various organs of kenaf during its growth has been studied. It has been found that phospholipids are synthesized in all stages of the development of kenaf, but most intensively during its ripening.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 157–160, March–April, 1981.     

Analytical characteristics of electrodes selective for cationic phospholipid–Ba <Superscript>2+</Superscript> complexes

The interaction between organic cations of phospholipids products of their hydrolysis with the PMo₁₂O ₄₀ ^3– heteropoly anion was studied. A procedure was proposed for the direct potentiometric determination of phospholipids using ion-selective electrodes bearing poorly soluble ion pairs formed by the complexes of lecithin or ethanolamine glycerophosphate and Ba²⁺ and PMo₁₂O ₄₀ ^3– heteropoly counter anion as ionophores. The procedure is simple, rapid, sufficiently sensitive, and selective.Translated from Zhurnal Analiticheskoi Khimii, Vol. 60, No. 1, 2005, pp. 60–63.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Golovei, Tkach.     

Triacylglycerols of oiticica oil

The composition of the triacylglycerols (TAGs) of oiticica oil has been studied by enzymatic hydrolysis with pancreatic lipase. It has been established that the majority of TAGs of the 96 types present have a mixed character. The four main types make up 60% of the total TAGs and the remainder consist of minor components. A high content of TAGs with octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acids (including licanic) in the extreme positions has been detected.DeceasedKalinin Polytechnic Institute. Moscow Branch of the All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Fats. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 316–319, May–June, 1980.     

Fatty acid composition of the phospholipids of the generative organs of the cotton plant of variety 159-F in the period of mass fruit formation

The qualitative and quantitative fatty acid compositions of the phospholipids of the generative organs of the cotton plant of variety 150-F in the period of mass fruit-formation has been studied.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 168–173, March–April, 1984.