分子印迹-仿生传感器的研究进展

分子印迹技术是制备具有选择性分子识别能力聚合物(分子印迹聚合物)的新兴化学合成技术。分子印迹聚合物的一个重要应用是在生物传感器中取代生物分子作为识别元件,研制耐受性强、低成本的分子印迹仿生传感器。综述了分子印迹技术的基本原理及其在仿生传感器方面的应用研究现状,并对分子印迹仿生传感器的发展前景进行了评述。引用文献24篇。     

新型功能单体分子印迹聚合物的研究进展

分子印迹聚合物是近年发展起来的新型重要分子识别材料,功能单体是其识别性能最重要的影响因素之一,因此,对新型功能单体分子印迹聚合物的研究越来越受重视.基于分子印迹聚合物在固相萃取、色谱柱分离、传感器等方面的应用,对新型功能单体分子印迹聚合物的研究进展进行了综述.     

分子印迹聚合物的设计合成

分子印迹法是制备对特定分子（印迹分子）具有识别选择性的聚合物的技术,近年来,分子印迹法制得的聚合物在分离,分析,免疫测定,催化、模拟酶及生物传感器等方面的应用引起人们的广泛关系。本文介绍了分子印迹技术的基本原理,对分子印迹聚合物合成研究的最新进展进行了综述,评述了各种制备方法的优缺点,拽出了合成技术未来的发展方向。     

分子印迹聚合物传感器研究

分子印迹聚合物(molecular imprinting polymers,MIPs)是利用分子印迹技术合成的一种交联高聚物.分子印迹技术(molecular imprinting technique,MIT)是在近十几年来才发展起来的一门边缘科学技术.它结合了高分子化学、生物化学等学科,是模拟抗体-抗原相互作用的一种新技术,具有选择性识别位点的性质,作为传感器的理想敏感材料的制备方法日益受到研究者们的重视.本文综述了分子印迹技术的原理和分子印迹聚合物的制备方法,及其应用于传感器敏感材料的研究现状,并展望了其发展前景.     

分子印迹荧光传感器研究进展

分子印迹技术是结合高分子化学、分析化学、材料科学等发展起来的一门边缘学科,是模拟受体-抗体相互作用的一种新技术。分子印迹荧光传感器结合了分子印迹聚合物的预定识别性和高选择性以及荧光检测的高灵敏性,成为传感领域的研究热点。本文主要介绍了分子印迹荧光传感器的研究进展,重点概述了分子印迹荧光传感器的制备原理、检测方式及其在有机小分子和离子检测中的应用,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

分子印迹电化学传感器

分子印迹电化学传感器能够选择性识别并检测特定目标化合物,因其设计简单、灵敏度高、价格低廉、携带方便、易于微型化和自动化等优点,在临床诊断、环境监测、食品分析等方面越来越受到人们的关注.本文作者主要论述分子印迹技术与电化学技术相结合构建分子印迹电化学传感器,包括分子印迹电化学传感器的种类,以及电化学方法制备分子印迹聚合物膜的常用单体等.对分子印迹电化学传感器领域新出现的分子印迹聚合物-纳米材料复合物以及纳米结构分子印迹聚合物也一并做了评述.     

表面分子印迹研究进展

表面分子印迹聚合物近年来已在手性分离、固相萃取以及化学仿生传感器等领域展现出良好的应用前景,引起了研究者们的广泛关注。表面分子印迹技术是将分子识别位点设计在载体表面或接近表面的地方,制得的表面分子印迹聚合物与传统的分子印迹聚合物相比,具有目标分子更易接近印迹位点、吸附动力学更快、吸附容量更高等优点。本文简述了表面分子印迹研究的最新进展,根据载体种类及表面修饰方法的不同,分别介绍了以硅材料、磁性材料、碳纳米管、石墨烯等为载体的表面分子印迹技术。     

分子印迹技术研究进展

分子印迹技术是制备对特定目标分子具有特异性识别能力的高分子材料的技术,所制备的高分子材料被称为分子印迹聚合物.分子印迹聚合物因具有预定性、识别性和实用性三大优点已广泛应用于分离、模拟抗体与受体、催化剂以及仿生传感器等方面和领域,显示出了广泛的应用前景.作者对分子印迹技术的发展历史、基本原理、分类、应用现状以及一些新的研究热点进行了综述.     

分子印迹荧光传感构建及应用

构建一个高灵敏、高选择性检测痕量分析物的传感器广受科研工作者关注。分子印迹技术由于具有高选择性识别、高容量吸附、快速结合、热稳定性以及低成本等优点,已广泛应用于传感构建领域。以分子印迹聚合物为识别单元,结合荧光传感技术所构建的分子印迹荧光传感器在环境污染物痕量检测方面成为研究重点。本文主要介绍分子印迹聚合物的制备方法,总结分子印迹荧光传感器的构建机理和分子印迹荧光传感器在金属离子、有机小分子以及生物大分子检测方面的应用。重点探讨分子印迹传感器在不同数量的荧光团下检测一种或多种目标分析物的方法,包括单一荧光团检测单一目标物、比率荧光检测单一目标物以及分子印迹荧光传感的多元检测。基于以上分析和总结,提出分子印迹荧光传感器的当前挑战和发展前景。     

功能性聚合物薄膜修饰电极

化学修饰电极是当前在电化学、电分析化学方面十分活跃的研究领域。功能性聚合物薄膜由于其特殊的化学结构赋予其许多独特的功能,诸如选择性、分子识别、pH敏感、光化学敏感等;功能性聚合物修饰电极可以赋予电极许多特殊功能,拓展电极的应用范畴,故而备受关注。本文分别从分子印迹聚合物传感器和生物酶传感器制备的角度,综述在电极表面构筑功能性聚合物薄膜的材料以及方法,重点论述电泳沉积技术在电极修饰中的新应用。这些功能性聚合物薄膜在电极表面的构筑方法可以广泛的拓展到其它传感器的制备中,并指导特殊的传感器的制备,具有重要的研究和应用价值。     

L-酪氨酸印迹分子的制备及性能研究

利用分子印迹技术采用传统加热法制备出酪氨酸他子印迹聚合物。用红外光谱分析了聚合物结构。研究了印迹他子与功能单体的物质的量对聚合物结合性的影响,吸收效率表征结果显示,与化学组成相同的空白聚合物相比,印迹聚合物具有更高的吸附效率。     

分子印迹技术研究进展

分子印迹是制备具有分子特异识别功能聚合物的一种技术。本文从分子印迹聚合物的识别机理、分子印迹聚合制备条件和制备技术三个方面综述了分子印迹的研究进展,最后展望了分子印迹发展前景。引用文献66篇。     

Molecularly imprinted polymers as biomimetic catalysts

The quest for synthetic biomimetic catalysts able to complement the activity of enzymes has attracted substantial research efforts, and the molecular imprinting approach is one of the attractive techniques that are currently being investigated. In the last 3 years, there has been considerable interest in studying in greater detail the parameters that control and influence the catalytic activity of imprinted polymers and applying molecular imprinting to a wider range of polymeric matrices. This article reports on some of the interesting examples available in the literature regarding the use of metal-containing polymers, microgels and nanogels and thermoresponsive polymers.     

表面分子(离子)印迹硅胶/聚合物的制备及性能研究进展

分子印迹技术(MIT)是制备对模板分子具有专一识别能力聚合物的技术。目前,把识别位点建立在基质表面的表面印迹技术日益受到重视,它可以提高识别位点与印迹分子的结合速度,进一步加强印迹材料吸附分离效率,硅胶因其具有良好的机械稳定性和热稳定性,吸附选择性高等优点,作为表面印迹的基质显示出较大的优越性。本文详细综述了有机分子印迹硅胶/聚合物及金属离子印迹硅胶/聚合物的制备和性能的研究进展,并对印迹材料将来的应用进行了展望。     

Cost‐effective imprinting combining macromolecular crowding and a dummy template for the fast purification of punicalagin from pomegranate husk extract

The combination of molecular crowding and virtual imprinting was employed to develop a cost‐effective method to prepare molecularly imprinted polymers. By using linear polymer polystyrene as a macromolecular crowding agent, an imprinted polymer recognizable to punicalagin had been successfully synthesized with punicalin as the dummy template. The resulting punicalin‐imprinted polymer presented a remarkable selectivity to punicalagin with an imprinting factor of 3.17 even at extremely low consumption of the template (template/monomer ratio of 1:782). In contrast, the imprinted polymer synthesized without crowding agent, did not show any imprinting effect at so low template amount. The imprinted polymers made by combination of molecular crowding and virtual imprinting can be utilized for the fast separation of punicalagin from pomegranate husk extract after optimizing the protocol of solid‐phase extraction with the recovery of 85.3 ± 1.2%.     

State‐of‐the‐art applications of cyclodextrins as functional monomers in molecular imprinting techniques: a review

As a versatile tool in separation science, cyclodextrins and their derivatives, known as emerging functional monomers, have been used extensively in molecular imprinting techniques. The attributes of cyclodextrins and their derivatives are widely known to form host–guest inclusion complex processes between the polymer and template. The exploitation of the imprinting technique could produce a product of molecularly imprinted polymers, which are very robust with long‐term stability, reliability, cost‐efficiency, and selectivity. Hence, molecularly imprinted polymers have gained popularity in chemical separation and analysis. Molecularly imprinted polymers containing either cyclodextrin or its derivatives demonstrate superior binding effects for a target molecule. As noted in the previous studies, the functional monomers of cyclodextrins and their derivatives have been used in molecular imprinting for selective separation with a wide range of chemical compounds, including steroidals, amino acids, polysaccharides, drugs, plant hormones, proteins, pesticides, and plastic additives. Therefore, the main goal of this review is to illustrate the exotic applications of imprinting techniques employing cyclodextrins and their derivatives as single or binary functional monomers in synthesizing molecularly imprinted polymers in areas of separation science by reviewing some of the latest studies reported in the literature.     

Pending templates imprinted polymers—hypothesis,synthesis, adsorption,and chromatographic properties

This is the first time when protein‐imprinted polymers are prepared with “pending templates.” The polymers were synthesized in the presence of a real sample (chicken egg white), rather than any known commercial proteins. Compared with a simultaneously synthesized nonimprinted control polymer, the polymers show higher adsorption capacity for abundant components (as “pending templates”) in the original sample. Chromatography experiments indicated that the columns made of the imprinted polymers could retain abundant species (imprinted) and separate them from those not imprinted. Thus, the sample could be split into dimidiate subfractions with reduced complexities. “Pending template imprinting” suggests a new way to investigate molecular imprinting, especially to dissect, simplify, and analyze complicated samples through a series of polymers just imprinted by the samples per se.     

基于N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的温敏型分子印迹聚合物

温敏型分子印迹技术是近几年来分子印迹技术新的发展。温敏型分子印迹聚合物以低交联度为特征,对模板分子的吸附容量和选择性随温度变化而改变。本文总结并评述了基于N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的温敏型MIP分子印迹聚合物及其制备方法,指出了温敏型分子印迹技术发展中需要解决的问题。     

Signaling molecularly imprinted polymers: molecular recognition-based sensing materials

Molecular imprinting is a template polymerization technique that can easily provide synthetic polymers capable of molecular recognition for given target molecules. In addition to their highly specific recognition ability, we are attempting to introduce signaling functions to molecularly imprinted polymers, enabling them to respond according to specific binding events. Some of our work regarding such signaling molecularly imprinted polymers is presented here, including molecularly imprinted polymers that induce spectral shifts of target compounds because of binding. Such compounds include hydrogen-bonding-based fluorescent imprinted polymers and metalloporphyrin-based signaling molecularly imprinted polymers.     

水相识别分子印迹技术

在各种基于超分子方法的仿生识别体系中,分子印迹聚合物已经证明是一种有潜力的合成受体,受到了广泛的关注。传统的分子印迹技术通常是在有机溶剂中制备对小分子具有选择性的印迹聚合物,而在水相中制备及识别生物大分子的研究仍具有相当的挑战性。从小分子到生物大分子、从有机相到水相,反映了分子印迹技术的发展趋势。本文对最近几年分子印迹在水相制备与识别方面的最新进展进行了总结与评述,探讨了水相识别印迹聚合物的设计策略与制备方法;着重介绍了水相识别技术在固相萃取、色谱固定相、药物控释、中药有效成份提取以及生物分子识别等方面的应用;指出了提高水相识别选择性的途径并对其将来的发展进行了建议与展望。