The response of a thin elastic plate to a moving pressure point

Zusammenfassung Eine dünne unendliche elastische Platte sei plötzlich durch einen in einem Punkt konzentrierten Druck belastet, der sich danach auf einer Geraden mit konstanter Geschwindigkeitc bewegt. Unter Anwendung der elementaren Plattentheorie wird eine Integraldarstellung der Verbiegung hergeleitet. Dieses Integral kann in besonderen Fällen ausgewertet werden, insbesondere am Nullpunkt und unterhalb der sich bewegenden Last. Asymptotische Ergebnisse zeigen an, dass längs der Bahn des Druckpunktes grosse Plattenverbiegungen zu erwarten sind. Schliesslich wird die Lösung für die stationäre Punktbelastung als Grenzlösung des allgemeinen nicht-stationären Problems gefunden.

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Research sponsored by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Office of Aerospace Research, United States Air Force under AFOSR Grant No. 821-65.     

Simple waves and shock waves in a thin prestressed elastic rod

Zusammenfassung Ein halb-unendlicher dünner elastischer Stab wird einer monoton ansteigenden Störung am freien Ende unterworfen. Die unstetige Wellenbewegung für endliche Verzerrungen wird untersucht, und die Bedingungen zur Bildung von Stössen werden aufgestellt. Eine implizite Lösung für die Wellenbewegung im Gebiete einfacher Wellen wird mittels der Methode der Charakteristiken erhalten. Eine andere und explizite Lösung in diesem Gebiete wird gefunden durch Anwendung der Theorie sich fortpflanzender Diskontinuitätsflächen, als eine Taylor-Reihe um die Ankunftszeit der Wellenfront. Es wird gezeigt dass der Koeffizient des ersten Gliedes in der Entwicklung eine Lösung für eine homogene nichtlineare gewöhnliche Differentialgleichung ecster Ordnung darstellt. Die übrigen Koeffizienten befriedigen lineare, jedoch inhomogene gewöhnliche Differentialgleichungen mit veränderlichen Koeffizienten. Für den Fall einer rampenartigen Belastung und für Stossbildung an der Wellenfront wird für schwache Stösse durch Anwendung einer Methode von Friedrichs die Vereinigung von einfachen Wellen untersucht. Als Beispiel wird die Entlastung eines Stabes betrachtet, der einer anfänglichen Dehnung von 50% unterworfen ist.     

Equilibrium configurations of a thin elastic rod with self‐contacts

Spatial equilibria of a closed thin isotropic elastic rod are considered. The thin elastic rod is a classical model for the large‐scale structure of relatively long DNA molecules. Particular attention is paid to the shapes with self‐contacts which are assembled from the elementary loops.     

Buckling of a nonlinear elastic rod

The buckling of a pin-ended slender rod subjected to a horizontal end load is formulated as a nonlinear boundary value problem. The rod material is taken to be governed by constitutive laws which are nonlinear with respect to both bending and compression. The nonlinear boundary value problem is converted to a suitable integral equation to allow the application of bounded operator methods. By treating the integral equation as a bifurcation problem, the branch points (critical values of load) are determined and the existence and form of nontrivial solutions (buckled states) in the neighborhood of the branch points is established. The integral equation also affords a direct attack upon the question of uniqueness of the trivial solution (unbuckled state). It is shown that, under certain conditions on the material properties, only the trivial solution is possible for restricted values of the load. One set of conditions gives uniqueness up to the first branch point.     

Nonlinear response of shear deformable FGM curved panels resting on elastic foundations and subjected to mechanical and thermal loading conditions

This paper presents an analytical investigation on the nonlinear response of thick functionally graded doubly curved shallow panels resting on elastic foundations and subjected to some conditions of mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical loads. Material properties are assumed to be temperature independent, and graded in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of constituents. The formulations are based on higher order shear deformation shell theory taking into account geometrical nonlinearity, initial geometrical imperfection and Pasternak type elastic foundation. By applying Galerkin method, explicit relations of load-deflection curves for simply supported curved panels are determined. Effects of material and geometrical properties, in-plane boundary restraint, foundation stiffness and imperfection on the buckling and postbuckling loading capacity of the panels are analyzed and discussed. The novelty of this study results from accounting for higher order transverse shear deformation and panel-foundation interaction in analyzing nonlinear stability of thick functionally graded cylindrical and spherical panels.     

The oscillations of a rod in an inhomogeneous elastic medium

The local length-dependence of the natural frequencies and forms of plane transverse oscillations of a thin inhomogeneous rod in an elastic medium with a variable stiffness and arbitrary elastic-fastening boundary conditions is investigated. It is established that the presence of an external elastic medium, described by the Winkler model, can lead to an anomalous effect – an increase in the natural frequencies of lower oscillation modes as the length of the rod increases continuously. The extremely fine properties of this change as a function of the length, the mode number and the method of fastening are revealed. The oscillations in the case of standard methods of fastening are investigated separately. Simple examples, which illustrate the anomalous dependence of the natural oscillation frequencies of the rod in an extremely inhomogeneous elastic medium with different boundary conditions are calculated.     

An analytical formula for an elastic thin rod shape under composite loading

The Euler problem on the stability of a thin elastic rod under compressing forces is widely known. In a number of papers this problem is generalized to finding the shape of such a rod under the simultaneous action of a compressing force and a torsional moment. The shape is determined by solving a complex nonlinear boundary value problem by numerical methods. In this paper, an approach providing a full analytical solution of the problem for a broad range of external conditions is discussed. __________ Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika, Vol. 11, No. 7, pp. 35–42, 2005.     

The limiting state of a rigidly fixed nonlinearly elastic multilayer rod

The loss of the load-carrying capacity of a nonlinearly elastic multilayer rod is investigated. The rod, whose layers have various thickness and are made of different materials, is rigidly fixed at both its ends. Rigid contact conditions between the layers are assumed. The problem posed is solved by using the variational method of mixed type in combination with the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The initial analysis is reduced to the solution of the Cauchy problem for a nonlinear ordinary differential equation solved for the first derivative. As the initial condition, the maximum initial eccentricity of the rod is assumed. In the case of zero eccentricity, the Shanley critical force for an axially compressed rod is determined. For a three-layer rod whose outer layers have equal thickness and are made of the same material, numerically, for various degrees of nonlinearity, the effect of physicomechanical and geometric parameters on the critical load of buckling instability is determined. It is found that, by matching the heterogeneity of the rod, it is possible to raise its load-carrying capacity. __________ Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 42, No. 3, pp. 347–360, May–June, 2006.     

A model of a general elastic curved rod

We indicate a new approach to the deformation of three‐dimensional curved rods with variable cross‐section. The model consists of a system of nine ordinary differential equations for which we prove existence and uniqueness via the coercivity of the association bilinear form. From the geometrical point of view, we are using the Darboux frame or a new local frame requiring just a C¹‐parameterization of the curve. Our model also describes the deformation occurring in the cross‐sections of the rod. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exact observability and controllability for a nonsimple elastic rod

In this paper, we prove exact observability, boundary and internal exact controllability results for a nonsimple elastic rod. By the spectral analysis method, it is shown that the considered problem has a sequence of eigenfunctions, which forms a Riesz basis for the state space. The exact observability is proved by application of a modified version of Ingham’s Theorem. Then, via the Hilbert Uniqueness method, we prove a boundary controllability result with only one controller and an internal controllability result.     

Solitary waves in a quartic nonlinear elastic rod

The bright and dark solitons described by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) are given for a quartic nonlinear elastic rod. It has also been found that the KdV soliton does not exist in this system.     

Steady-state response of a micropolar generalized thermoelastic half-space to the moving mechanical/thermal loads

Microrotation effect of a load applied normal to the boundary and moving at a constant velocity along one of the co-ordinate axis in a generalized thermoelastic half-space is studied. The analytical expressions of the displacement component, force stress, couple stress and temperature field for two different theories i.e. Lord-Shulman (L-S) and Green-Lindsay (G-L) for supersonic, subsonic and transonic velocities in case of mechanical and thermal sources applied, are obtained by the use of Fourier transform technique. The integral transforms have been inverted by using a numerical technique and the numerical results are illustrated graphically for magnesium crystal-like material.     

Propagation of torsional waves in a circular elastic rod

Zusammenfassung Das Problem eines unendlichen kreiszylindrischen Halbstabes, dessen Endquerschnitt mit beliebigen Torsionsspannungen belastet ist, wird auf Grund der strengen dreidimensionalen Elastizitätstheorie gelöst. Die Lösungsmethode besteht aus einer Integraltransformationstechnik mit asymptotischer Inversion für eine frequenzmodulierte Stufenfunktion. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Gültigkeit eines «dynamischen Saint-Venant-Prinzips» von der betreffenden Frequenzkomponente abhängt.

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This work was initiated while the author was still employed by the IBM Corp. at Endicott, New York.     

The combined thermal and mechanical effect of radiation and shock waves on a multilayer orthotropic shell with a heterogeneous coating

A package of calculation models and numerical algorithms for investigating the thermal and mechanical effects of radiation fluxes of different physical kinds and shock waves from powerful explosions on thin-walled multilayer structures in aircraft is proposed. It is assumed that these effects can be reduced to non-uniform heating of the structure, alteration of its thickness and the formation of an unsteady pressure profile on the surface. An explicit finite-difference scheme with second-order of accuracy with respect to the time and spatial variables is used to integrate numerically the equations of motion of an orthotropic, non-uniformly heated shell of variable thickness. The results of calculations of the combined thermal effect of radiation fluxes and an unsteady shock-wave pressure on an orthotropic panel, freely supported along its contour, are presented.     

The theory of micropolar thin elastic shells

A boundary-value problem of the three-dimensional micropolar, asymmetric, moment theory of elasticity with free rotation is investigated in the case of a thin shell. It is assumed that the general stress-strain state (SSS) is comprised of an internal SSS and boundary layers. An asymptotic method of integrating a three-dimensional boundary-value problem of the micropolar theory of elasticity with free rotation is used for their approximate determination. Three different asymptotics are constructed for this problem, depending on the values of the dimensionless physical parameters. The initial approximation for the first asymptotics leads to the theory of micropolar shells with free rotation, the approximation for the second leads to the theory of micropolar shells with constrained rotation and the approximation for the third asymptotics leads to the so-called theory of micropolar shells “with a small shear stiffness”. Micropolar boundary layers are constructed. The problem of the matching of the internal problem and the boundary-layer solutions is investigated. The two-dimensional boundary conditions for the above-mentioned theories of micropolar shells are determined.     

The three-dimensional problem of a thin inclusion in a composite elastic wedge

The three-dimensional problem of a thin rigid elliptic inclusion in the middle of a composite elastic wedge is investigated. The wedge consists of three connected wedge-shaped layers connected by a sliding clamp, in which the layer containing the inclusion is incompressible. The outer faces of the composite wedge are also under sliding-clamp conditions. The inclusion is completely bonded to the elastic medium in the contact region. Using Fourier and Kontorovich–Lebedev transformations, a system of integral equations of the problems are derived for the shear contact stresses. A regular asymptotic method is used to solve this system. Calculations are carried out. The results can be used for calculations on the strength of rubber-metal articles and structures having a corner line.     

The conjunction problem for thin elastic and rigid inclusions in an elastic body

Under consideration is the conjunction problem for a thin elastic and a thin rigid inclusions that are in contact at one point and placed in an elastic body. Depending on what kind of conjunction conditions are set at the contact point of inclusions, we consider the two cases: the case of no fracture, where, as the conjunction conditions, we take the matching of displacements at the contact point and preservation of the angle between the inclusions, and the case with a fracture in which only the matching of displacements is assumed. At the point of conjunction, we obtain the boundary conditions for the differential formulation of the problem. On the positive face of the rigid inclusion, there is delamination. On the crack faces, some nonlinear boundary conditions of the type of inequalities are set, that prevent mutual penetration of the faces. The existence and uniqueness theorems for the solution of the equilibrium problem are proved in both cases.