发光性受体的分子设计与分子识别

介绍了发光受体的几种典型分子识别模型。从分子识别与超分子化学的角度综述了它们在分子离子识别中的应用。对近几年发展较快的分子印迹技术及其应用进行了综述。引用文献71篇。     

气相色谱中的超分子化学问题：Ⅰ.气相色谱与超分子化学的关系

超分子化学是有关超分子体系结构和功能的化学，超分子体系是由多个分子作用联系起来的实体，分子识别是形成超分本系的基本特征，本文从分子识别的角度，探讨了气相色谱学中超分子化学问题，并详细地评述了冠醚、液晶、环表固定液的分子识别机理的研究状况，最后，作者们大致展望了色谱研究超分子问题的前景，并且认为在多人工作基础上会产生一门新科学－超分子色谱学。     

分子钳人工受体研究进展

分子识别是生物体系的基本特征, 并在生命活动中起中心作用. 利用合成的人工受体与适当底物间的分子识别以建立化学模型或化学仿生体系对生命过程中的分子识别现象进行模拟研究是生物有机化学和超分子化学前沿富于挑战的课题之一. 按照不同的隔离基, 综述了分子钳人工受体的研究进展.     

氢键在现代化学中的作用

在各种分子间相互作用中,氢键占有很特殊的地位,被称作为超分子化学中的万能相互作用。讨论了氢键在超分子、自组装、分子识别、晶体工程、材料化学和催化过程等现代化学领域中的作用。     

识别中性分子客体荧光传感和开关的研究进展

分子识别是超分子化学的核心概念,而荧光开关PET(photo-induced electron transfer)体系又是分子识别中的重要组成部分,是超分子化学和光物理学科相结合的成就.本文总结了近年来对中性客体分子的荧光传感和开关的研究进展.     

主-客体化学研究进展

以分子识别为基础的主－客体化学作为新兴交叉学科，已成为当今研究的热点。本文概述了主体分子的类型、结构特征、分子识别特性及其在某些领域的应用。参考文献56篇。     

基于环糊精的分子印迹技术

基于环糊精的分子印迹技术综合了超分子化学、高分子化学、分析化学等多学科优势,对人为可控的大型超分子主体化合物的合成有着指导意义,对具有多位点识别人工酶的实现也有巨大的推动作用。本文综述了近年来基于环糊精的分子印迹技术的研究进展：首先介绍了不同种类的基于环糊精的分子印迹产物的合成,包括合成思路、步骤、方法以及识别机理探讨;然后着重叙述了该体系的应用研究进展,包括其在分子识别、色谱分离、电化学传感器以及生物学控制等领域的应用;最后指出目前研究工作存在的不足,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

基于硅材料的分子印迹聚合物的制备及应用*

分子印迹聚合物因制备简单、稳定性好、且具有分子识别功能使其在色谱分离、固相萃取、化学传感、模拟酶催化等方面有了广泛的应用。近年来,基于硅的分子印迹聚合物发展较为快速。本文主要介绍了以硅为母体材料和以硅为基质材料的分子印迹聚合物的制备及分子识别性质研究,并对其应用进行了分类,在此基础上对其将来的发展进行了展望。     

卤键在化学传感和分子识别中的应用

卤键是一种新的分子间非共价作用力,它存在于卤素原子(路易斯酸)和具有孤电子对的原子或π-电子体系(路易斯碱)之间,在超分子化学、材料科学、生物识别和药物设计等领域已经显示出独特的优势。本文主要从卤键的特征和在化学传感和分子识别中的应用以及发展前景等几方面进行了介绍,期望引起人们对卤键的更多关注。     

杯芳烃衍生物研究进展

综述近年杯芳烃衍生物在分子识别、分子组装、酶模拟、化学传感器和光电材料等方面的研究进展, 尤其中国学者的研究进展.     

Direct Observation of Kinetic Pathways of Biomolecular Recognition

The pathways of molecular recognition, which is a central event in all biological processes, belong to the most important subjects of contemporary research in biomolecular science. By using fluorescence spectroscopy in a microfluidics channel, it can be determined that molecular recognition of α‐chymotrypsin in hydrous surroundings at two different pH values (3.6 and 6.3) follows two distinctly different pathways. Whereas one corroborates an induced‐fit model (pH 3.6), the other one (pH 6.3) is consistent with the selected‐fit model of biomolecular recognition. The role of massive structural perturbations of differential recognition pathways could be ruled out by earlier XRD studies, rather was consistent with the femtosecond‐resolved observation of dynamic flexibility of the protein at different pH values. At low concentrations of ligands, the selected‐fit model dominates, whereas increasing the ligand concentration leads to the induced‐fit model. From molecular modelling and experimental results, the timescale associated with the conformational flexibility of the protein plays a key role in the selection of a pathway in biomolecular recognition.     

DNA分子器件*

DNA不仅是一种重要的生物遗传物质,而且可以在生命科学以外的领域,尤其是在信息科学、材料科学中发挥重要作用.作为重要的部件,DNA分子器件的研究引起了科学家们的注意.本文对DNA分子器件的发展以及DNA分子器件的实现和应用前景及不足进行了较详尽的评述.     

Sensing A Paradigm Shift in the Field of Molecular Recognition: From Selective to Differential Receptors

Molecular recognition has evolved from a science designed to understand biological systems into a much more diverse area of research. While work continues to elucidate “nature's tricks” with respect to intermolecular interactions, much attention has turned to the perspective that molecular recognition, by design, can lead to new technologies. Applications ranging from molecular sensing to information storage and even working molecular machines have been envisioned. This review will highlight a few historical hallmarks of molecular recognition oriented at studying the basic science of intermolecular interactions, but then detail recent advances in molecular recognition aimed towards applications in the field of molecular sensing. Rational design can be used to create synthetic receptors with a good deal of predictability and selectivity, and many signal transduction mechanisms exist for converting these receptors into sensors. This is the first topic discussed. The concept of “differential” or “generalized” sensing is then presented, where one uses an array of sensors that do not necessarily conform to the “lock and key” principle. This approach to sensing is inspired by the mammalian senses of taste and smell, which we briefly describe. To mimic senses of taste and smell, one is naturally led to the use of combinatorial libraries, a direction of research that has seen continued growth over the past few years. We summarize the current state of the art in synthetic combinatorial receptors/sensors, and then predict a future direction that the field of molecular recognition will possibly take. The review is not meant for the specialist, but instead for a general audience. It does not present a highly detailed analysis of each individual topic: synthetic receptors, sensors, olfaction/gustation, and combinatorial receptors/sensors. Instead, this review shows how all these fields complement each other and fit together to create sensing devices. Our conclusion is that specific analyte sensing, differential sensing, and combinatorial chemistry can and will be combined to create sensor arrays, and give the subfield of molecular recognition that uses synthetic systems a bright future in this type of sensing scenario.     

硼酸及其衍生物在荧光分子开关中的应用

荧光分子开关中主体和客体之间可以通过多种方式相结合，其中带有荧光团的硼酸衍生物与糖或羟基化合物的结合是通过共价键形成的。糖化学在生命科学中起着非常重要的作用，因此对糖的识别和检测在医学、细胞生物学等领域具有至关重要的意义。硼酸衍生物可以作为荧光分子开关对糖进行有效的选择性识别，因而受到科学家们的广泛关注。本文对近年来国内外相关研究成果进行了综述。     

分子识别指导下的有机分子设计、合成和组装——世纪交替时代的有机化学

在21世纪即将来临之际,有机化学将面临生命科学、环境科学和材料科学越来越多的挑战。本文回顾了在分子识别指导下的有机分子的设计、合成和组装这个新领域的诞生和发展,认为这个领域将成为新世纪有机化学发展的一个重要方向。它的发展和应用不仅使得有机化学可能较好地面对新挑战,同时能推动有机合成化学自身的发展。     

卟啉及卟啉衍生物的应用

近年来,卟啉及卟啉衍生物在显色反应、分子识别、催化合成反应等领域中有很广泛的应用。文章就卟啉及卟啉衍生物在分析化学、生命科学和化学合成方面的研究发展作一简要介绍,并提出卟啉化合物今后的发展方向。     

Supramolecular chemistry

The article discusses molecular recognition and overviews the key concepts -storage and retrieval of chemical information by molecular structures, supramolecular reagents and catalysts, molecular transport, semiochemistry and self assembly. The prospects of controlling supramolecular architecture through engineered molecular recognition and design of ‘programmed systems’ controlled by molecular information are also discussed.     

Designer Self-Assembling Peptide Materials for Diverse Applications

Summary: Macromolecuar chemistry and polymer science have had an enormous impact in many areas of science, engineering, medicine and our daily life. It has not only changed our way of life forever, but also continuously to improve our living standard. Macromolecuar chemistry now also encompasses bioengineering, biomimetics, designer biological materials and nanobiotechnology. Here we summarize a few classes of short peptides that we discovered and invented with broad applications including 3D tissue cell culture, reparative and regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, slow drug release, stabilization of membrane proteins for develop nanobiotechnology and molecular devices. Molecular design using short peptides as new materials will play increasingly important role in biomedical research, nanobiotechnology, clinical science and medicine.