一种新型噁唑烷酮类抗生素的合成

以2,4-二溴吡啶为原料,经Weinreb酰胺酰化、Noyori不对称氢转移反应、脱Boc保护基、环化、Suzuki偶联、磷酸单酯化及成盐共七步反应制得一种新型噁唑烷酮类抗生素【【(3R,3aS)-7-{6-［(S)3-甲基-2-噁唑烷酮-5-基］吡啶-3-基}-1-氧-1,3,3a,4-四氢苯并［b］噁唑［3,4-d］［1,4］噁嗪-3-基】甲基】磷酸单酯二钠盐,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI）确征,总收率7%,纯度99.7%。     

抗肿瘤氟喹诺酮C3等排衍生物(Ⅰ)——双噁二唑甲硫醚衍生物的合成和抗肿瘤活性

基于抗菌氟喹诺酮的作用靶拓扑异构酶与哺乳动物的相似性,为寻找由抗菌活性到抗肿瘤活性转化的有效修饰方法,用噁二唑杂环作为诺氟沙星（1）的羧基电子等排体得中间体,1-乙基-6-氟-7-(哌嗪-1-基)-3-(5-巯基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-基)-喹啉-4(1H)-酮（3）,化合物3与氯甲基噁二唑（4a~4e）进行S-醚化得双噁二唑甲硫醚（5a~5e）,再进一步甲基化和季铵化得相应的N-甲基双噁二唑甲硫醚（6a~6e）和N,N-二甲基双噁二唑甲硫醚碘化物（7a~7e）。 双噁二唑甲硫醚目标物的结构经元素分析、1H NMR、MS技术确证。 采用MTT法评价了目标化合物对体外培养人肝癌细胞株Hep-3B生长的抑制活性。 结果表明,15个目标化合物的抑制活性均显著高于对照化合物1的抑制活性,其季铵盐的IC50值低于25.0 μmol/L,显示出潜在的抗癌活性。     

新型异噁唑拼接3,3'-吡咯螺环双氧化吲哚类化合物的无催化剂合成

以3-异硫氰氧化吲哚与硝基异噁唑缩合的3-烯氧化吲哚,在二氯甲烷中无催化剂条件下于室温发生Michael加成环化反应,获得了8个未见文献报道的异噁唑拼接3,3′ 吡咯螺环双氧化吲哚类化合物（3a~3h）,产率91%~95%,dr值5/3~3/1,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI-TOF）表征。     

连续双季碳螺环氧化吲哚拼接异噁唑类化合物的合成

以硝基异噁唑-3-烯氧化吲哚1作为基于给体和受体的3C合成子,与叔丁基酯-3-烯氧化吲哚2,在碱性催化剂DABCO催化下发生Michael加成环化反应,获得10个新颖的连续双季碳螺环氧化吲哚拼接异噁唑类化合物3a~3j,产率为57%~70%, dr值为4/1~9/1, 其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI-TOF）表征,并且经过单晶3f进一步确定了其结构。      

新型六氢山酮素拼接异噁唑双螺环氧化吲哚类化合物的合成

以色酮-氧化吲哚合成子1与氧化吲哚3-烯烃硝基异噁唑2,在催化剂DABCO催化下,在氯仿中发生双Michael加成环化反应,合成了7个未见文献报道的六氢山酮素拼接异噁唑双螺环氧化吲哚类化合物3a~3g,产率78%~92%,dr值10/1~15/1,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI-TOF）表征。     

新型含异噁唑环1,3,4-噁二唑啉衍生物的合成

以N-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛肟氯化物为原料,经两步反应制得3-对甲氧基苯基-5-甲基-异噁唑-4-甲酰肼(3);3依次经缩合和环合反应合成了一系列新型的2-芳基3-乙酰基-5-(3-对甲氧基苯基-5-甲基-异噁唑-4-基)-Δ4-1,3,4-噁二唑啉衍生物,其结构经~1H NMR,13C NMR,IR,MS(EI)和元素分析表征。     

新型异噁唑山酮素骨架螺环氧化吲哚类化合物的合成

本文以色酮-氧化吲哚合成子(1)与硝基异噁唑苯乙烯(2),催化剂DBU作用下,经分子间Michael加成,分子内Michael加成环化反应,获得7个新型异噁唑山酮素骨架螺环氧化吲哚类化合物3a~3g,产率87%~93%,dr=8/1~15/1, 其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS（ESI-TOF）表征。      

新型2,4-二取代四氢吡咯-3-羧酸衍生物的合成

N-三甲硅甲基苯甲醛亚胺为非稳定型亚甲胺基叶立德前体,在磷酸催化下与取代噁唑烷酮烯烃经1,3-偶极环加成反应合成了10个具有cis-trans立体结构的新型2,3,4-三取代四氢吡咯-3-羧酸衍生物（3a~3j）,收率65%~75%,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS表征。3b的立体结构经X-单晶衍射确证。     

5-氨基异噁唑的4-位芳基化

在温和、简单条件下实现了5-氨基异噁唑C4位芳基化的反应，以中等到优秀的产率（最高达99%）合成了一系列4-芳基-5-氨基异噁唑类衍生物，产物结构经核磁与高分辨质谱确证。      

3-（3-乙酰基-5-芳氧亚甲基-2,3-二氢-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-基）色酮类化合物的合成

3-（3-乙酰基-5-芳氧亚甲基-2;3-二氢-1;3;4-噁二唑-2-基）色酮类化合物的合成;噁二唑啉;色酮;合成     

苯甲酸(苯并三唑基)苯酯类紫外光稳定剂的合成及表征

以邻硝基苯胺和间苯二酚为原料,经重氮化-偶合、环化、酯化合成了6个新型苯甲酸(苯并三唑基)苯酯类化合物:3-羟基-4-苯并三唑基-4′-硝基苯甲酸苯酯(58.6%)、3-羟基-4-苯并三唑基-2′-硝基苯甲酸苯酯(60.7%)、3-羟基-4-苯并三唑基-3′-硝基苯甲酸苯酯(55.7%)、3-羟基-4-苯并三唑基-3′,5′-二硝基苯甲酸苯酯(62.1%)、3-羟基-4-苯并三唑基-2′-羟基苯甲酸苯酯(48.6%)和3-羟基-4-苯并三唑基-2′-羟基-3′,5′-二硝基苯甲酸苯酯(52.2%)。通过1H-NMR、FT-IR和MS确定了这些化合物的分子结构,紫外光谱测试表明它们均具有较好的紫外吸收性能。     

1-芳基-4-吡唑-5-酰基氨基脲类化合物的合成及杀菌活性

为了寻求新的吡唑先导化合物, 用4-氯-1-甲基-3-乙基-5-吡唑甲酰肼与取代苯基异氰酸酯反应得到了14个新的1-吡唑酰基-4-芳基氨基脲类化合物. 经IR, 1H NMR, MS和元素分析对化合物的结构进行了表征. 初步生物活性实验结果表明, 在500 mg/mL浓度下, 化合物1-(4-氯-3-乙基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰基)-4-(2-甲基苯基)氨基脲(4g), 1-(4-氯-3-乙基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰基)-4-(2,4-二甲基苯基)氨基脲(4k)对小麦白粉病菌(Blumeria graminis)的抑制率分别达到90%和80%; 在25 mg/mL浓度下, 化合物1-(4-氯-3-乙基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰基)-4-苯基氨基脲(4c)对黄瓜灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)的抑制率达到70.1%; 化合物1-(4-氯-3-乙基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰基)-4-苯基氨基脲(4c)和1-(4-氯-3-乙基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰基)-4-(2-硝基苯基)氨基脲(4d)对稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae)的抑制率均达到51.3%.     

Acetylation and Debromination of Sydnones Accelerated by Ultrasound

In the presence of a catalytic amount of 60% perchloric acid, 4-acetyl-3-substituted sydnones were obtained more conveniently with greater yields by the sonochemical reaction of 3-substituted sydnone with acetic anhydride. Some 4-acetylsydnones which are difficult to synthesize by a known process were obtained in 17-68% yields. 4-Bromo-3-(bromoaryl)sydnones with activated zinc powder dispersed in methanol were debrominated regioselectively by ultrasound in high yields (60-96%). 3-(2′-/4′-Amino-3′,5′-dibromophenyl)sydnone is synthesized easily from 3-(2′/4′-aminophenyl)sydnone by reduction, bromination and debromination subsequently.     

3,3-二{2,2-二[4-(N,N-二取代氨基)苯基]乙烯基}-4,5,6,7-四氯-2-苯并[c]呋喃酮的合成

在对甲苯磷酸存在下,采用1,1-二[4-(N,N-二取代氨基)苯基]乙烯(3)和四氯苯酐在乙酸酐溶液中的缩合反应合成了3,3-二{2,2-二[4-(N,N-二取代氨基)苯基]乙烯基}-4,5,6,7-四氯-2-苯并[c]呋喃酮(4),产率89～93％。3由4,4＇-二(N,N-二取代氨基)二苯甲酮(1)与甲基碘化镁进行Grignard反应的产物经水解再脱水制得,产率85％～88.5％(以1为基准)。     

含吡啶基四硫富瓦烯衍生物的合成、 结构和电化学性质

在乙酰乙酸乙酯和氧化亚铜共同催化下, 二-(1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-硫酮-4,5-二硫)合锌酸四乙基铵盐分别与2-碘吡啶(1a)、 3-碘吡啶(1b)和4-碘吡啶(1c)反应, 制得硫酮化合物2,3-二(2-吡啶硫基)-1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-硫酮(2a)、 2,3-二(3-吡啶硫基)-1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-硫酮(2b)和2,3-二(4-吡啶硫基)-1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-硫酮(2c). 在醋酸汞催化下, 硫酮化合物2a, 2b和2c分别被氧化为2,3-二(2-吡啶硫基)-1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-酮(3a)、 2,3-二(3-吡啶硫基)-1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-酮(3b)和2,3-二(4-吡啶硫基)-1,3-二硫环戊烯-2-酮(3c). 以亚磷酸三乙酯为偶联剂, 氧酮化合物3a, 3b和3c分别发生自偶联反应生成2,3,6,7-四(2-吡啶硫基)四硫富瓦烯(4a)、 2,3,6,7-四(3-吡啶硫基)四硫富瓦烯(4b)和2,3,6,7-四(4-吡啶硫基)四硫富瓦烯(4c). 采用核磁共振波谱(NMR)、 傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和质谱(MS)分析了所合成化合物的结构和组成, 通过X射线衍射分析确认了吡啶基四硫富瓦烯衍生物4b和4c的晶体结构. 循环伏安法研究结果表明, 化合物4a, 4b和4c呈现准可逆的两电子转移过程, 结合量子化学计算, 分析了不同位置取代的吡啶基对四硫富瓦烯电化学电势的影响.     

Heteroleptic ruthenium complexes containing uncommon 5,5'-disubstituted-2,2'-bipyridine chromophores for dye-sensitized solar cells

Four new heteroleptic ruthenium sensitizers [Ru(4,4'-carboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine)(L)(NCS)(2)] (L = 5,5'-bis(4-octylthiophen-2-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine (1), 5,5'-bis(N,N-diphenyl-4-aminophenyl)-2,2'-bipyridine (2), 5,5'-bis(5-(N,N-diphenyl-4-aminophenyl)-thiophen-2-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine (3) and 5,5'-bis(4-octyl-5-(N,N-diphenyl-4-aminophenyl)-thiophen-2-yl)-2,2'-bipyridine (4)) were synthesized, characterized by physicochemical and computational methods, and utilized as photosensitizers in nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The λ(max) of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption of these four ruthenium dyes (527 nm for 1, 535 nm for 2, 585 nm for 3 and 553 nm for 4) can be tuned by various structural modifications of the ancillary ligand and it was shown that increasing the conjugation length of such ligand reduces the energy as well as the molar absorption coefficient of the MLCT band. The maximum incident photon to current conversion efficiency (IPCE) of 41.4% at 550 nm, 38.6% at 480 nm, 39.4% at 470 nm and 31.1% at 480 nm for 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-sensitized solar cells were obtained. Respectable power conversion efficiencies of 3.00%, 2.51%, 2.00% and 2.03% were realized, respectively, when the sensitizers 1, 2, 3 and 4 were used in DSSCs under the standard air mass (AM) 1.5 sunlight illumination (versus 5.9% for standard N719).     

Synthesis of isomeric 1,3- and 1,4-bis[3(4)-nitrofuroxan-4(3)-yl]nitrobenzenes by nitration of the corresponding isomeric 1,3- and 1,4-bis[3(4)-nitrofuroxan-4(3)-yl]benzenes

Isomeric 1,3- and 1,4-bis[3(4)-nitrofuroxan-4(3)-yl]nitro(dinitro)benzenes were synthe-sized in high yields by nitration of the corresponding 1,3- and 1,4-bis[3(4)-nitrofuroxan-4(3)-yl]benzenes with a mixture of 100% nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid. The influence of 3- and 4-nitrofuroxanyl fragments on the regioselectivity of the nitration was revealed. The structure of 1,3-bis(4-nitrofuroxan-3-yl)-4-nitrobenzene was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. 1,3- and 1,4-Bis(3-nitrofuroxan-4-yl)nitrobenzenes underwent thermal isomerization to more thermodynamically favorable 1,3- and 1,4-bis(4-nitrofuroxan-3-yl)nitrobenzenes.     

Zeolite-catalyzed synthesis of nicotinyl-fused indolo-pyrazoles and evaluation of their activities against Anopheles arabiensis and Lipoxygenase

A series of nicotyl-fused indolo-pyrazoles (NFIPs) were synthesized by a one-pot multicomponent reaction of aryl aldehydes, isoniazid, and indole in the presence of zeolite as a catalyst. Structures of all the synthesized compounds were established by IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, 2D-NMR, TOF-MS, and elemental analysis. The products were obtained in excellent yields and high purity. All 10 compounds were screened for larvicidal and insecticidal properties against Anopheles arabiensis and tested for their lipoxygenase inhibitory activity. Compounds (3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indol-1(4H)-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone ( 4i ) and (3-(3-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indol-1(4H)-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone ( 4j) displayed highest larvae mortality at a 4 μg/ml dose in 24 h. Compounds (3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indol-1(4H)-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone ( 4h ) and (3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indol-1(4H)-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone ( 4i ) showed a significant knockdown activity after 24 h with 70% mortality. Furthermore, (3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indol-1(4H)-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone ( 4c ) and (3-(3-bromo-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrazolo[4,3-b]indol-1(4H)-yl)(pyridin-4-yl)methanone ( 4j ) displayed promising lipoxygenase inhibitory activity with a mortality of 70% and 60%, respectively.     

Exploratory chemistry of 3-aroylformamido-4-aryl-1,2,5-thiadiazoles

Apart from the previous report, the reaction of 3-(4-nitrobenzoylformamido)-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,2,5-thiadiazole ( 2a ) with m-chloroperbenzoic acid in chloroform at room temperature did not proceed, whereas at reflux temperature the same reaction gave 4-nitrobenzoic acid ( 5 ) (86%) and a minute amount of a mixture of 4-nitrobenzoylformamide ( 6 ) and 3-amino-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,2,5-thiadiazole ( 7a ). On the other hand the same reaction in a mixture of ethanol and chloroform (1:4) at room temperature gave 3-ethoxycarbamoyl-4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,2,5-thiadiazole ( 8a ) (24%) as an isolable product. When 3-aroylformamido-4-aryl-1,2,5-thiadiazoles 2 in tetrahydrofuran were treated with various alkoxides in the corresponding alcohols at room temperature, 3-amino-4-aryl- 7 , 3-alkoxycarbamoyl-4-aryl- 8 , and 3-aryl-4-(aryl)(hydroxy)acetamido-1,2,5-thiadiazoles 9 were isolated. The ratios of which were dependent on the kind of bases and the solvent employed. Selected compounds 2 were allowed to react with phosphorus pentasulfide in the presence of pyridine at reflux to give 3-aryl-4-arylacetarnido-1,2,5-thiadiazoles 17 (55–64%), which were also produced by the reaction of 2 with either Lawesson's reagent or hydrogen sulfide gas in the presence of pyridine at reflux.     

2-芳胺基-5-[5'-氨基-1'-(4"-氯苯基)-1',2',3'-三唑-4'-基]-1,3,4-噻二唑的合成

1-[5'-氨基-1'-(4"-氯苯基)-1,2,3-三唑-4'-甲酰基]-4-芳基-3-氨基硫脲在浓硫酸催化下环化得到2-芳胺基-5-[5'-氨基-1'-(4"-氯苯基)-1',2',3',-三唑-4'-基]-1,3,4-噻二唑2a-i, 依此法合成了九个标题化合物, 收率为30-74%。化合物2i的结构用X-光衍射单晶分析确证。