速差动力学比例方程法同时测定微量磷砷

文献报道的磷砷测定,需分两步进行^[1~3]。作者在实验中发现,磷砷(Ⅴ)与钼酸铵及抗坏血酸作用,形成两种具有相似吸光特性的钼蓝,但生成速率常数有差异。据此,本文提出了用比例方程法^[4]同时测定两组分的含量。     

梯度洗脱色谱法同时测定康糖片中盐酸小檗咸、黄芩苷、格列本脲的含量

康糖片是治疗糖尿病的中西药复方制剂,主要由盐酸小檗碱、黄芩苷、格列本脲等组成.其中的单组分含量测定方法报道较多,如盐酸小檗碱有分光光度法[1]、薄层色谱法[2]、高效液相色谱法[3]等;黄芩苷有比色法[4]、薄层色谱法[5];格列本脲有高效液相色谱法[6].但同时测定上述3种组分的方法未见报道.本文报道了同时测定上述3种组分的高效液相色谱方法,方法简单、灵敏、回收率高、专属性强,能有效地控制药品的主成分含量,具有较强的实用价值.     

激光拉曼光谱研究NiMoP浸渍液活性组分的结构Ⅰ.磷含量的影响

采用激光拉曼光谱(LRS)分析技术对NiMoP浸渍液和浸渍于氧化铝载体后干燥样品进行了表征,研究了磷含量对NiMoP浸渍液中的活性相组成、结构以及浸渍过程中活性相结构变化的影响.结果表明,在磷酸含量较低的NiMoP浸渍液中活性组分主要有NixH6-2x[P2Mo5O23]、NixH7-2x[PMo11O39]或NixH3-2x[PMo9O31]及NixH3-2x[PMo12O40]杂多化合物结构,随着磷酸添加量的增加,后两种结构逐渐转化成第一种杂多化合物的结构;低磷含量浸渍液中的各种杂多化合物活性组分在浸渍过程中在氧化铝孔道中会发生分解,转变成七聚钼酸盐,提高浸渍液中的磷酸含量能够部分地阻止杂多化合物在载体氧化铝孔道中的分解.     

硅钼蓝分光光度法测定磷铁合金中硅

硅钼蓝光度法测定硅在冶金领域中已有广泛应用[1-3],但大都是应用于低磷合金,然而对于磷铁合金(磷质量分数高达30%)中硅含量的测定通常采用氟硅酸钾滴定法[4],也有文献报道采用十二烷基硫酸钠作保护剂,用硅钼蓝光度法测定[5]。本工作采用草酸破坏磷钼、砷钼杂多酸,在高酸度下消除磷干扰,用硅钼蓝光度法测定硅的含量。1试验部分1.1仪器与试剂721型分光光度计。无水亚硫酸钠溶液:30g·L-1。     

磷对CoMoP浸渍液及催化剂活性组分结构影响的激光拉曼光谱法研究

采用激光拉曼光谱技术(LRS)对CoMoP浸渍液以及浸渍后的样品进行表征,研究了磷含量对CoMoP浸渍液中活性相前躯体结构的影响以及在浸渍后处理过程中对活性相结构的影响.实验结果表明,当CoMoP浸渍液中磷含量较低时,活性组分主要以CoxH6-2x[P2Mo5O23]、CoxH7-2x[PMo11O39]或CoxH3-2x[PMo9O31]以及CoxH3-2x[PMo12O40]结构存在,随着磷添加量的增加,后3种结构转化成CoxH6-2x[P2Mo5O23].提高磷含量有利于抑制活性组分在氧化铝表面分解成七聚钼酸盐.活性组分在载体吸附和催化剂焙烧过程中,在Mo和P之间存在相互作用,[P2Mo5O23]6-结构在焙烧过程中会发生解离.干燥样品经过高温焙烧后,催化剂中出现四面体配位和八面体配位的钼物种.     

油菜叶片中硫甙总量与分量的HPLC测定

硫甙是一类含硫次生代谢产物,广泛存在于芸薹属植物。油菜中常见的硫甙成分有近20种,研究表明,油菜籽硫甙含量降低后,其植株抗性也明显下降,油菜种子、茎、叶的硫甙含量受不同基因型控制[1]。油菜种子中硫甙含量及组分的检测技术已有很多报道[2-6],李培武等[5-7]建立了胶束电动     

吸光光度法测定水中总磷的改进

磷是生物体生长的必需的营养元素 ,主要以磷酸盐形式存在。水中的磷存在于溶液和悬浮物中 ,通过测定磷酸盐的含量可以估计水体是否受污染及污染的程度[1] 。总磷是自来水检测中一项重要指标。国标方法中采用中等强度还原剂抗坏血酸 ,可使稳定性提高 ,但灵敏度下降[2 ] 。本法检测的部分水样总磷含量较低 ,为提高灵敏度 ,用提高实验技术来弥补氯化亚锡甘油显色不稳定的缺点。采用过二硫酸钾为氧化剂 ,高压蒸汽消化法 ,将磷全部转化为正磷酸盐 ,酸性条件下 ,与钼酸铵反应 ,氯化亚锡甘油为还原剂用吸光光度法进行测定。改进国标法对色度、浊度…     

PLS紫外分光光度法同时测定复方阿斯匹林三组分含量的研究

复方阿司匹林(APC)是常用的解热镇痛药物,片剂中乙酰水杨酸,咖啡因,非拉西丁的同时测定方法有线性最小二乘法[1],系数倍率法[2]等,由于APC三组分中咖啡因的含量相对较少往往使测定值有较大偏差。本文利用乙酰水杨酸易水解的性质,加入NaOH溶液使之完全水解为水杨酸钠间接求得乙酰水杨酸含量,同时在浓度校正及样品测定时适当增加咖啡因浓度而使各组分浓度差别减小,利用PLS法测定三组分含量。1　PLS法分析原理偏最小二乘法(PartialLeastSquares简称PLS)是一种多组分同时测定的新计算方法。与双波长分光光度法[3],线性规划法[4]比较,它…     

吸光光度法连续测定铜电解液中微量锑和铋

在多数情况下 ,锑和铋以有害痕量元素存在于电解液和金属材料中。在铜电解液中 ,锑和铋的含量决定电解铜的质量 ,当它们的含量达到一定值时 ,电解池中阳极 (粗铜 )的残极率上升 ,同时阴极 (精铜 )表面起瘤 ,从而造成精铜纯度下降 ,故需严格控制锑和铋的含量[1 ] 。吸光光度法测定锑和铋的方法虽有不少报道 ,但大多数是单独测定锑或铋 ,连续测定锑和铋[2 ] 的方法也有报道。为了提高分析速度 ,本文在文献 [3]的基础上 ,研究了在聚乙烯醇存在下 ,硫脲和硫氰酸钾掩蔽 Cu( )等干扰离子 ,碘化钾吸光光度法连续测定锑和铋的含量 ,操作简便 ,线性…     

低压离子色谱法分析茶水中的无机离子

1　引言离子色谱法在环境监测、食品、医药等领域都有重要用途[1 ] 。本实验室提出了低压离子色谱法[2 ,3] ,它可以在 1 .96～ 2 .94× 1 0 5Ｐａ(约 30～40ｐｓｉ)的低压下分析碱金属、ＮＨ+4、碱土金属、过渡金属阳离子、无机阴离子和有机酸根。仪器使用简单方便 ,实现了低压高效。茶叶成分及含量的研究正日益受到人们重视 ,有关资料表明[4] :细胞体液中 ,高浓度的Ｋ+才能使核糖体获得最大活性 ;Ｍｇ2 +是多种酶的激活剂 ,在机体中对蛋白质的合成、葡萄糖的氧化和细胞膜能量转换都是不可缺少的 ;磷素有“生命化学调控中心”之称 ,体内的磷…     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.