基于局部血管结构特征的眼底图像二级配准

提出了一种结合全局配准和局部配准技术的眼底图像二级配准算法,该算法采用4个相连的分叉点组成的局部血管结构来代替单独的分叉点作为配准特征,通过减少配对点集,提高了配准效率.同时针对非线性形变造成的局部配准偏移较大的问题,在全局配准基础上进一步采用局部配准技术,提升了配准的准确度.实验结果表明,该算法以很高的配准效率和准确度有效实现了眼底图像的配准.     

利用结构特征的点云快速配准算法

为提高三维激光扫描点云的配准精度以及效率,解决数据点缺失、点云散乱时的配准问题,结合点云的全局和局部结构特征的不变特性,提出基于全局结构特征的初始配准算法和利用局部结构特征的快速精确配准算法。首先,给出全局结构特征的定义,并阐明初始配准方法,证明在点云样本集缺失数据时初始配准算法的有效性;然后,给定一种空间区域的划分方式,并找出划分的空间区域中两个点云的对应点;最后,通过找出的有限个对应点实现点云的精确配准。在仿真和实验数据处理时,该精确配准算法能够有效地完成缺失、散乱点云的精确、快速配准,且在效率和精度上比其他几种算法具有明显优势。     

一种结合梯度方向互信息和多分辨混合优化的多模图像配准方法

针对基于传统互信息图像配准容易产生局部极大值,同时结合梯度信息的互信息改进方法不能很好地应用于梯度幅值差异较大的多模图像配准,提出了一种新的结合梯度方向的互信息测度函数.在参量优化过程中,将具有全局优化的遗传算法和Powell局部优化算法动态结合,前者的配准结果为后者的算法优化提供有效的初始点以抑制局部极值,同时借鉴小波变换中多分辨率的思想,在低分辨率图像中粗略配准后,上升到高分辨率图像上进一步细化配准结果,增加算法鲁棒性并减少优化时间.多幅红外与可见光图像配准实验结果证明,提出的算法具有配准精度高和鲁棒性强等特点.     

舰船小目标图像配准算法

当舰船目标距离红外/可见光复合导引头较远的时候,红外与可见光图像中的目标信息微弱,可供提取的特征较少且差异较大,传统的图像配准算法很难适用.针对该问题,本文提出一种基于传感器参量的图像配准算法,首先根据红外与可见光传感器的成像模型将图像配准分解简化为视场配准与平移配准两个相对分离的步骤;然后利用传感器参量进行图像的视场配准;最后基于海天线和水平高通能量分布确定匹配点完成平移配准.仿真实验结果表明,该算法具有较高的配准准确度,可以应用于实际远距离海上舰船的红外和可见光图像配准.     

一种目标级的遥感图像变化检测算法

传统的像素级变化检测方法对图像的配准准确度要求较高,因而在实际运用中受到很多限制.在人造目标检测的基础上,提出了一种目标级的基于局部配准误差补偿的变化检测方法.根据遥感图像中人造目标与自然目标的纹理差异,对图像中的人造目标进行检测和分割,再对分割图像采用提出的算法进行变化检测.实验表明,与传统的像素级变化检测方法相比,本算法具有较高的检测准确度,对配准准确度的要求也有所放宽,并且可以简化变化检测前的辐射校正工作和变化检测后的像素分类的工作.     

基于似然函数最速下降的红外与可见光图像配准

为了实现红外与可见光图像的自动配准,提出了基于似然函数最速下降迭代的图像配准算法.该算法以图像边缘作为配准点特征,将异源图像配准转化为边缘点集配准.基于点集的高斯混合模型建立了边缘点集配准似然函数,以该函数作为目标函数,仿射变换参量作为优化变量,利用最速下降方法进行最优变换参量求解,从而实现边缘点集配准.同时,将多分辨率金字塔引入迭代配准框架下,实现了高分辨率图像配准的加速.实验结果表明:该算法精度高,运算速度快,可以很好地完成可见光与红外图像的自动配准.     

基于似然函数最速下降的红外与可见光图像配准

为了实现红外与可见光图像的自动配准,提出了基于似然函数最速下降迭代的图像配准算法.该算法以图像边缘作为配准点特征,将异源图像配准转化为边缘点集配准.基于点集的高斯混合模型建立了边缘点集配准似然函数,以该函数作为目标函数,仿射变换参量作为优化变量,利用最速下降方法进行最优变换参量求解,从而实现边缘点集配准.同时,将多分辨...     

基于T分布混合模型的多光谱人脸图像配准

为了降低多光谱人脸图像中出现的非刚性形变、噪声和离群点等因素对配准结果的准确性和稳健性的影响,提出一种综合考虑特征点的空间几何结构和局部形状特征两方面信息的多光谱人脸图像配准方法。所提方法首先通过基于内部距离的形状上下文描述子来表述点集的局部特征信息,建立可见光和红外图像相似性测度函数。然后利用Student′s-T分布混合模型来表示图像特征点集配准过程中变换模型估计问题,并采用期望最大化算法对模型进行求解。仿真数据表明在点集存在非刚性形变、噪声和离群点的情况下,所提方法仍可以实现点集间的精确配准。可见光和红外人脸真实图像数据表明所提方法的平均匹配误差和运算效率都优于对比算法,配准融合后的多光谱人脸图像可以提高后续的人脸检测和识别性能。     

基于非采样Contourlet变换高分辨率遥感图像配准

为了提高高分辨率遥感图像配准的精确度,将非采样Contourlet变换应用于高分辨率遥感图像配准算法中.首先对高分辨率遥感图像进行非采样Contourlet变换.利用非采样Contourlet变换的平移不变性在变换域提取图像的边缘并选择合适的阈值准确地得到图像的边缘特征点.然后利用归一化互相关匹配法和概率支撑法对特征点进行匹配.最后通过三角形局部变换映射甬数实现图像配准.实验结果表明,该方法更能准确地提取高分辨率遥感图像的特征点,大大提高了正确匹配的概率,与基于小波方法的图像配准效果相比有更高的准确性和稳健性.     

基于小波变换和混合遗传算法的医学图像配准

为了解决灰度图像配准中由于目标函数容易陷入局部极值而造成的误匹配问题,使参数随图像的NMI计算和多分辨率级数进行自适应调整,采用基于小波变换多分辨率策略,形成多尺度匹配模型,并将粒子群算法(PSO)作为添加算子,提出了以图像归一化互信息(NMI)作为相似性测度的混合遗传算法,对CT与MRI图像进行了配准。实验结果表明,该方法能够解决遗传算法早熟收敛问题,有效地克服信息函数的局部极值,实现图像的自动配准,具有匹配精确、鲁棒性好及效率高等优点。     

A non-rigid medical image registration method based on improved linear elastic model

Non-rigid medical image registration is an important research project of medical image processing; it is the basis of medical image fusion. Relative to rigid image, the deformation of non-rigid image is more serious and more complicated. According to the characteristics of non-rigid medical image deformation, this paper proposes an adaptive non-rigid medical image registration algorithm. Firstly, it is based on global registration; secondly, it is about extracting feature points of global registration image and the reference image, and then generating irregular triangle grid according to extracted feature points. Finally, local accurate image registration is achieved using the minimum potential energy as a similar measure. Experimental results show that relative to the traditional non-rigid registration algorithm, this algorithm not only ensures the registration accuracy but also enhances the robustness and anti-noise of registration algorithm.     

Study of mutual information multimodality medical image registration based on modified simplex optimization method

Because of a different imaging mechanism and highly complexity of body tissues and structures. Different modality medical images provide non-overlay complementary information. This has very important significance for multimodal medical image registration. Image registration is the first and key part of problem to be solved in the integrations. When the spatial position of two medical images is same, the registration could be achieved. For two CT and PET images, the principal axis method is adopted to achieve the rough registration. The modified simplex algorithm is employed to implement global search using the mutual information as similarity measure. The initial registration parameters are achieved through principal axis Based on the results of test, improved simplex method can adjust reflecting distance. Stepped-up optimization algorithm on the new experimental points through the methods of “reflection”, “enlargement”, “shrinkage” or “global systolic”. A mutual information registration based on modified simplex optimization method is presented in this paper to improve the speed of medical image registration.Results indicate that the proposed registration method prevents the optimizing process from falling into local extremum and improves the convergence speed while keeping the precision. The accurate registration of multimodal image with different resolutions is achieved.     

A non-rigid cardiac image registration method based on an optical flow model

According to non-rigid medical image registration, new method of classification registration is proposed. First, Feature points are extracted based on SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) from reference images and floating images to match feature points. And the coarse registration is performed using the least square method. Then the precise registration is achieved using the optical flow model algorithm. SIFT algorithm is based on local image features that are with good scale, rotation and illumination invariance. Optical flow algorithm does not extract features and use the image gray information directly, and its registration speed is faster. The both algorithms are complementary. SIFT algorithm is used for improving the convergence speed of optical flow algorithm, and optical flow algorithm makes the registration result more accurate. The experimental results prove that the algorithm can improve the accuracy of the non-rigid medical image registration and enhance the convergence speed. Therefore, the algorithm has some advantages in the image registration.     

The registration of MR images using multiscale robust methods

Acquisition of MR images involves their registration against some prechosen reference image. Motion artifacts and misregistration can seriously flaw their interpretation and analysis. This article provides a global registration method that is robust in the presence of noise and local distortions between pairs of images. It uses a two-stage approach, comprising an optional Fourier phase-matching method to carry out preregistration, followed by an iterative procedure. The iterative stage uses a prescribed set of registration points, defined on the reference image, at which a robust nonlinear regression is computed from the squared residuals at these points. The method can readily accommodate general linear, or even nonlinear, registration transformations on the images. The algorithm was tested by recovering the registration transformation parameters when a 256 × 256 pixel T₂¹-weighted human brain image was scaled, rotated, and translated by prescribed amounts, and to which different amounts of Gaussian noise had been added. The results show subpixel accuracy of recovery when no noise is present, and graceful degradation of accuracy as noise is added. When 40% noise is added to images undergoing small shifts, the recovery errors are less than 3 pixels. The same tests applied to the Woods algorithm gave slightly inferior accuracy for these images, but failed to converge to the correct parameters in some cases of large-scale-shifted images with 10% added noise.     

一种稳健的特征点配准算法

为了能准确快速提取特征和可靠匹配特征点对,提出一种稳健的基于特征点的配准算法。首先改进了Plessey角点检测算法,有效提高所提取特征点的速度和精度。然后利用相似测度归一化互相关(Normalized cross correlation,NCC),通过双向最大相关系数匹配的方法提取出初始特征点对,用随机采样符合法(Random sample consensus,RANSAC)来剔除伪特征点对,实现特征点对的精确匹配。最后用正确匹配特征点对实现图像的配准。实验表明,该方法能够快速准确地提取两幅图像间的对应特征点,大大降低了误匹配的概率,两幅图像光照不一致、重复性纹理、旋转角度比较大等较难自动匹配情形下,仍能有效地实现图像的配准。     

基于特征点匹配的图像配准算法精度提升方法研究

图像配准是多种图像后续处理的基础,较为常见的有图像融合,图像拼接、图像的三维重建等,这些后续操作都需要在一个好的配准前提下才能完成,因此,对于图像配准精度改进的研究具有很重要的实际应用价值。对基于特征点匹配的图像配准算法提出了几个配准精度提升的方法,这些方法分别针对特征检测精度的提升和特征匹配精度的提升来达到图像配准精度提升的目的。     

多探测器拼接成像系统实时图像配准

依据已设计完成的基于同心球透镜的四镜头多探测器阵列拼接成像系统,对该系统图像拼接配准过程所采用的特征检测提取、特征向量匹配与筛选、空间变换模型参数估计等算法进行了研究。首先,采用Fast-Hessian检测子提取参考图像和待配准图像的特征点,并生成加速鲁棒特征(SURF)描述向量。接着,采用快速近似最近邻(FANN)逼近搜索算法获得初始的匹配点对,并对匹配点对特征向量的欧式距离进行排序。然后,参照成像系统光学设计参数设定合理的阈值,筛选并保留下较好的匹配点对。最后,提出了一种改进的渐进式抽样一致性(IPROSAC)算法对空间变换矩阵模型进行参数估计,从而得到参考图像与待配准图像的空间几何变换关系。实验结果表明:该算法对图像尺寸、旋转和光照变化都具有一定的不变性,特征匹配时间为0.542 s,配准变换时间0.031 s,配准误差精度小于0.1 pixel,可以满足成像系统关于图像配准实时性和准确性的要求,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

Rapid and robust medical image elastic registration using mean shift algorithm

In landmark-based image registration, estimating the landmark correspondence plays an important role. In this letter, a novel landmark correspondence estimation technique using mean shift algorithm is proposed. Image corner points are detected as landmarks and mean shift iterations are adopted to find the most probable corresponding point positions in two images. Mutual information between intensity of two local regions is computed to eliminate mis-matching points. Multi-level estimation (MLE) technique is proposed to improve the stability of corresponding estimation. Experiments show that the precision in location of correspondence landmarks is exact. The proposed technique is shown to be feasible and rapid in the experiments of various mono-modal medical images.