多噪音背景下引入光硬限幅器及并行干扰抑制器的光码分多址系统

为了抑制光码分多址中的多址干扰及多噪音,提出了一种引入光硬限幅器及基于最大值判决的并行干扰抑制器的光码分多址系统.在系统中存在APD噪音及热噪音的情况下,研究了系统对多址干扰的抑制作用.系统采用光正交码作为地址码,APD作为光电检测器,分析推导了系统的误码率表达式.根据所得的误码率表达式,进行了数值仿真,比较了该方法与其他方法的多址干扰抑制效果.研究结果表明:与现有其他有效方法(单比特引入一个光硬限幅器、单比特引入两个光硬限幅器、多比特传输、多比特引入光硬限幅器、基于最大值判决的并行干扰抑制器等)相比,本系统对多址干扰的抑制作用优于并行干扰抑制器、多比特传输、多比特引入光硬限幅器方法;当接收功率较低时,该系统优于引入双光硬限幅器的方法,因此可以有效的抑制多址干扰及多噪音.     

多噪声背景下光码分多址多用户干扰的抑制

针对光码分多址(OCDMA)的多用户干扰问题, 研究采用APD光电检测器的系统中存在多种噪声情况下, 基于最大值判决的光码分多址并行干扰抑制方法的多用户干扰抑制效果。阐述了其工作原理, 即在发送端对比特“0”和比特“1”分别使用一个地址码和它的移位变形进行映射, 以避免发送比特“0”时无光脉冲通过, 实现并行干扰抑制; 接收端判决电路采用最大值判决, 以避免门限判决所引起的误判, 进一步减小多用户干扰。系统采用光正交码作为地址码, 分析推导了系统的误码率表达式。根据所得的误码率表达式, 进行了数值仿真并与其他多用户干扰抑制方法进行比较。仿真结果表明, 本方法对多用户干扰的抑制作用与系统用户数和码重有关; 与引入双硬限幅器方法、多比特传输方法的多用户干扰抑制作用相比, 抑制效果要优于多比特传输的方法; 当接收功率较低时, 该方法优于引入双硬限幅器的方法, 因此可以有效的抑制多用户干扰。     

基于最大值判决及光硬限幅器的光码分多址并行干扰抑制系统

针对光码分多址（OCDMA）的多用户干扰问题,提出一种引入光硬限幅器、基于最大值判决的光码分多址并行干扰抑制系统.该系统在发送端对比特“0”和比特“1”分别使用一个地址码和它的移位变形进行映射,以避免发送比特“0”时无光脉冲通过的问题,实现并行干扰抑制;在接收端光电检测器前引入一个光硬限幅器,判决电路采用最大值判决,以避免门限判决所引起的误判,进一步减小多用户干扰.阐述了其工作原理,系统采用光正交码作为地址码,PIN光电检测器,分析推导了系统的误码率表达式,进而对新型系统的多用户干扰抑制作用进行误码性能仿真.仿真结果表明,当信号光子到达率为25时,新型系统比常规系统的误码性能改善10个数量级以上,比常规并行干扰抑制系统改善2个数量级以上.     

相位编码光码分多址系统中的非高斯分析方法

随着相位编解码器关键技术的突破,精确分析相位编码光码分多址(OCDMA)系统误码率性能显得十分必要。为了精确分析相位编码光码分多址系统误码率性能,提出了一种基于判决变量的矩母函数和鞍点近似的非高斯近似方法,该方法能够精确考虑多址干扰、散粒噪声、热噪声各自的统计特性和相互间的非加性关系。比较了高斯近似、精确计算和文中所提出方法在分析相位编码系统误码率时的计算精度和复杂度,结果证明该分析方法具有分析精度高、计算复杂度低的优点。     

一种多波长OCDMA解码器方案及其性能分析

提出了一种多波长OCDMA（MW OCDMA）系统的光解码器方案,通过多个光硬限幅器来抑制多用户干扰.分析了使用该解码器的MW OCDMA误码率性能、频谱效率和归一化吞吐量性能.分析结果表明,该方案能有效改善MW OCDMA系统的误码率性能,在要求的误码率条件下增加同时用户数,从而能有效改善MW OCDMA系统的频谱效率.同时,采用光硬限幅器的MW OCDMA 系统的归一化吞吐量性能明显提高,特别是归一化吞吐量峰值提高了约一倍.     

时域相位光码分多址系统性能分析

给出了时域相位光码分多址系统(OCDMA)的噪声模型,提出了由码间串扰(ISI)所引起的自差拍噪声(SB)概念.利用鞍点近似法分析了多址干扰(MAD、码间串扰、自差拍等噪声对系统性能的影响,给出了系统误码率公式.对最佳门限接收系统以及采用光硬件限幅器的系统性能进行了仿真研究.表明"1"码的误判概率是影响系统的决定性因素.也是开关键控(OOK)系统难以克服的主要问题.最后给出一种采用双编/解码器平衡检测系统的原理框图,分析其性能,并与传统OOK系统比较,结果表明其性能有较大的提高.     

基于成像光通信的时间-空间扩频混合光码分多址编码方案

为了在成像光通信中充分利用时间和空间两种频带资源,以成像光通信为基础,提出一种利用二维光正交Pattern码结合时域扩频实现光码分多址(OCDMA)编码的新方案。分析在该方案中存在的多址干扰噪声,并给出了噪声的概率密度函数,然后讨论由多址噪声引起的误码率与判决门限、用户数、码长积和码重积之间的关系。在相同的码容量下与时域扩频光码分多址编码和空间扩频光码分多址编码方案相比,该方案能降低对相关器件性能(时域码片数量和空间像素规模)的要求,而且还可获得更小的误码率。最后给出编码解码的光学实现方案。     

降低频谱编码光码分多址系统干扰的实验研究

讨论了频谱编码光码分多址系统的多址干扰和噪声特性.选用m序列为地址码,利用可调谐布喇格光栅阵列实现了频谱编码,实验研究了在基于布喇格光栅编解码的光码分多址系统中可以利用平衡检测接收的方法消除多址干扰,但光源的频谱不平坦性,编解码器的不一致性都会降低平衡检测克服多址干扰的效果.讨论了差拍噪声对系统性能的影响,并提出了采用互补分配波长的新的编码方式,与原有系统相比,用户容量增大一倍,同时可以降低差拍噪声,使系统输出端噪声影响进一步降低.     

双用户2.5 Gb/s 100 km光码分多址传输实验

稳定性高、低成本的窄脉冲光源、高性能编解码器和具有旁瓣/噪声抑制功能的接收机是光码分多址系统实用化的3个关键模块.实验中利用增益开关脉冲光源和63 chip等效相移超结构布拉格光纤光栅相位编解码器的半边带应用,判决门限调整与宽带判决相结合的接收机实现了双用户、2.5 Gb/s 100 km传输.实验中测量了误码率与判决时刻和判决门限的关系曲线,系统在10 ps的判决时刻容限内和17%的幅度判决容限内实现了无误码传输.     

新型多速率光码分多址实现方案的研究

提出了一种新颖的多速率光码分多址系统的实现方案,使得光码分多址系统能够同时传输不同速率的用户信号。对系统的误码性能进行了理论分析,并讨论了在系统中加入硬件限幅器以提高系统性能的可能性。以同时传输两种不同速率信号为例,将系统与变码长光码分多址系统的误码性能进行了仿真和比较。分析表明,随着速率的增加,虽然地址码字的性能有一定下降,但其整体性能仍优于变码长的多速率的光码分多址系统。最后,设计了相应的实验,验证了码字的性能和实现多速率光码分多址系统的可能性。     

Multiple access interference cancellation in Manchester-coded synchronous optical PPM-CDMA network

A new interference cancellation technique for direct-detection optical code- division multiple-access (OCDMA) network employing pulse-position modulation (PPM) is proposed in this paper. The multiple access interference (MAI) estimation is achieved by pre-reserving one of optical spreading code sequences at the receiver based on the correlation property of padded modified prime codes (PMPC). The estimated interference is then cancelled out after photo-detection process. Additionally, the transmitted signal is Manchester-coded to further improve the system performance. Based on this proposed interference canceller in a shot-noise limited regime, we have obtained an expression for the upper bound of the bit-error probability (BEP) taking into account effects of both MAI and shot-noise. This BEP is compared with that of a PPM-OCDMA without cancellation. Finally, the receiver structure of the proposed optical network unit (ONU) is fairly simple to compare with the conventional cancellation schemes.     

New design of spectral amplitude coding in OCDMA with zero cross-correlation

A zero cross-correlation (ZCC) code is proposed to reduce the impact of system impairment and multiple access interference (MAI) in spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA) system. Bit-error-rate (BER) performance is derived taking into account the effect of some noises. The key to an effective OCDMA system is the choice of efficient address codes with good or almost zero correlation properties for encoding the source. The use of ZCC code can eradicate phase induced intensity noise (PIIN) which will contribute to better BER. Thus, we demonstrate, theoretically, the performance of optical ZCC code. It is shown that optical ZCC code can accommodate more users simultaneously for the typical error rate of optical communication system of 10⁻⁹. The result indicates that the established system not only preserves the capability of suppressing MAI, but also improves bit-error-rate performance as compared to the conventional coders.     

Performance analysis of electronic code division multiple access based virtual private networks over passive optical networks

A solution for implementing multiple secure virtual private networks over a passive optical network using electronic code division multiple access is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The multiple virtual private networking capability is experimentally demonstrated with 40 Mb/s data multiplexed with a 640 Mb/s electronic code that is unique to each of the virtual private networks in the passive optical network, and the transmission of the electronically coded data is carried out using Fabry-Perot laser diodes. A theoretical scalability analysis for electronic code division multiple access based virtual private networks over a passive optical network is also carried out to identify the performance limits of the scheme. Several sources of noise such as optical beat interference and multiple access interference that are present in the receiver are considered with different operating system parameters such as transmitted optical power, spectral width of the broadband optical source, and processing gain to study the scalability of the network.     

Fast frequency modulation optical code division multiple access communication system

An optical fast frequency modulation code division multiple access communication system is proposed. In this system, an electrically controlled tunable optical filter (TOF) is used to encode the modulated broadband light source. The code depends on the function set to the controller. Two-dimensional code named functional code is also proposed based on a shifted sine function. The function defines the dynamic coding pattern of the central wavelength of the transmitted narrowband optical signal. Thus, the system will allow for an easy reconfiguration of the transmitter without the need for sophisticated encoder. At the receiver, a synchronized TOF with the same function is used as a decoder. The performance of this system is shown to be better compared with a fast frequency hopping and a spectral amplitude coding systems.     

Cardinality enhancement of spectral/spatial modified double weight code optical code division multi-access system by PIIN suppression

A new two-dimensional (2-D) optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) scheme to increase the achievable system capacity is proposed. The code exhibits good cross-correlation property time and wavelength shift. Performances are analyzed on code size and correlation properties affecting two important system parameters, bit error rate (BER) as a function of cardinality generated and optical power transmission requirement. The proposed system can effectively suppress phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) and has multi-access interference (MAI) cancellation property. Results in a good agreement indicate that 2-D modified double weight (MDW) offers 163.7% and 336.2% larger cardinality compare to 2-D perfect difference code (PDC) and 2-D modified quadratic congruence (MQC) code. By increasing spatial code (N) and keeps similar code length system performance can be further optimized. 2-D MDW (M = 45, N = 18) accommodates 252.2% and 18.3% cardinality increment and low effective transmitted power (P_sr) at −17.9 dBm, compare to 2-D MDW (M = 247, N = 3) and (M = 84, N = 9) at 10⁻⁹ BER error floor. The architecture of the spectral/spatial MDW OCDMA system with property of MAI cancellation is presented.