伪随机序列投影三维测量中的快速子序列匹配

提出了一种适用于伪随机序列投影三维测量技术的子序列匹配快速算法.首先根据源序列的内容及子串长度构造由多层子表组成的表格;然后根据子序列的内容,从首字符开始从左到右,依次从首层表格开始向下查找;最后得到子序列在源序列中的位置.即根据首字符在首层表格中查到对应的第二层表格地址,再在第二层表格中根据第二个字符,查找第三层表格...     

基于X射线断层成像的逆向工程中轮廓序列分割算法的原理及实现

为了实现基于X射线断层成像(CT)的逆向工程中具有参数识别的三维图像重构, 提出了一种分割轮廓序列的新算法. 首先通过一定角度的射线法来得到轮廓间的嵌套关系,然后采用扫描一次关系矩阵生成轮廓树的方法实现层内轮廓定位, 最后运用轮廓间定量、定性的属性判定来完成层间的轮廓匹配. 通过实例, 本文提供的算法可以准确、快速地分割CT零件中的轮廓序列.     

基于时间序列预测的电子稳像算法研究

块匹配电子稳像算法是一种稳定性好、准确度高的电子稳像算法.块匹配算法在目标区域中从起始点到匹配点进行搜索时,需要对图像块进行反复匹配,计算量大、实时性差成为限制其应用的主要问题.本文从缩小块匹配算法搜索范围的思想出发,提出了一种利用时间序列预测来确定最优搜索起始点的电子稳像算法.根据图像序列全局运动矢量的内部统计特性,选择合适的时间序列模型;采用AIC准则和Durbin-Levinson递推算法估计模型的阶次和参量,并通过残差检验对模型进行检验和更新.利用建立的时间序列模型和历史数据对当前时刻全局运动矢量进行最优预测,并将其作为搜索起点来进行下一步精确搜索.实验结果证明,时间序列预测方法有效缩小了块匹配算法的搜索范围,使计算速度得到较大幅度的提高,并可直接推广到其它电子稳像算法中.     

基于分块离散小波变换的图像信息隐藏与盲提取算法

提出了一种在小波域中图像信息隐藏与盲提取算法. 该算法首先对载体图像进行分块两层离散小波变换, 找到每块第二级分解子带中的最大值即最重要小波系数, 然后根据小波特征树的对应关系将其在第一级分解子带中的对应区域作为嵌入区域, 在该区域嵌入由秘密信息生成的伪随机序列. 提取过程中, 同样按照小波系数对应关系寻找到嵌入区域并判断其与伪随机序列的相关性即可解密, 不需要提供原始图像. 实验结果表明, 该算法能实现二值图像的嵌入与盲提取, 且提取出的图像质量较好并具备一定的抗攻击能力, 尤其对于剪切攻击的鲁棒性较好.     

Ar原子序列双光双电离产生光电子角分布的理论计算

基于多组态Dirc-Fock方法和密度矩阵理论,给出了原子序列双光双电离光电子角分布的计算表达式,发展了相应的计算程序.利用该程序对Ar原子3p壳层序列双光双电离过程进行了理论研究,给出了光电离的总截面、磁截面、剩余离子取向以及光电子角分布的各向异性参数与入射光子能量的函数关系.结果显示在光电离截面的Cooper极小位置附近取向参数出现极大值,而光电子角分布的各向异性参数在该位置附近出现极小值.进一步给出了33.94和55.34 eV光子能量下序列双光双电离过程中第一步的Ar原子和第二步的Ar^+离子3p壳层光电子角分布,分析了序列双光双电离光电子角分布与单光电离光电子角分布的差异.将计算结果与文献已有的数据进行了比较,具有很好的一致性.本文的研究结果对揭示光与物质相互作用的非线性动力学机制具有重要的参考价值.     

一种基于特征块匹配的电子稳像方法

提出一种基于特征模块匹配的图像稳定的算法.该算法自适应地搜索图像特征模块进行后续稳像操作.在稳像过程中,提出一种图像特征匹配的快速算法,匹配得到局部运动矢量,然后对匹配结果进行一致性检验,最后采用可变窗口宽度的均值滤波法对图像序列运动轨迹滤波.试验表明,该算法有效地稳定了图像序列,并且满足实时性要求.     

数字散斑时间序列相关三维面形测量方法

提出了一种测量三维面形的新方法,将随机数字散斑投影到参考平面上,深度方向等间距平移参考平面,用CCD提取时间序列散斑参考集R（t)。然后用被测物体取代参考平面,获取物体调制散斑图像O。O中的任意子图像O（x,y)与参考平面簇中对应位置的时间序列子图像R（x,y:t)之间的交叉相关值曲线呈高斯分布,其峰值位置就是被测物点的高度。该方法摆脱了以前数字散斑测量法水平相关思路,是真正的时间序列相关方法,且原理简单,测量精度高,不需要复杂的相位展开和校准过程,特别适用于测量突变面形和空间离散面形,根据测量结果的误差特征,提出了相关值加权邻平均插值算法,能得到比邻平均算法更好的测量结果。     

电子稳像的分层位平面全局运动估计算法

提出一种分层位平面匹配的快速全局运动估计算法.算法充分利用多分辨率思想,在每一层选用不同位平面进行匹配以找到运动矢量;利用层内块运动的空间相关性和层间矢量传递性,来自适应地选择搜索起始点;同时设定阈值,对运动矢量满足准确度的子块,直接结束搜索;将所得到的各子块的运动矢量作为集合,根据其统计规律,找到出现概率最大的样本作为正确的全局运动矢量.实验表明,该算法计算速度快,且与块匹配全搜索相比,其误差小于半个像素,能够达到快速准确进行全局运动估计的能力.     

电子稳像的分层位平面全局运动估计算法

提出一种分层位平面匹配的快速全局运动估计算法.算法充分利用多分辨率思想,在每一层选用不同位平面进行匹配以找到运动矢量|利用层内块运动的空间相关性和层间矢量传递性,来自适应地选择搜索起始点|同时设定阈值,对运动矢量满足准确度的子块,直接结束搜索|将所得到的各子块的运动矢量作为集合,根据其统计规律,找到出现概率最大的样本作为正确的全局运动矢量.实验表明,该算法计算速度快,且与块匹配全搜索相比,其误差小于半个像素,能够达到快速准确进行全局运动估计的能力.     

动态图像序列运动矢量估计算法的研究

运动估计在电子稳像系统中起重要的作用。介绍和比较了几种运动矢量估计算法。为了提高电子稳像系统的性能,提出了在设计电子稳像系统时选取运动矢量估计算法的原则。通过比较应用在航摄图像序列中的投影算法和匹配算法的性能,说明了如何应用运动矢量估计算法的原则。仿真结果表明,根据此原则选取的运动矢量估计算法应用于电子稳像系统是可行的。     

Interface mixing in Fe–B–Ag multilayers

Multilayers with Ag/Fe/B and Ag/B/Fe layer sequence were studied in order to reveal differences of top and bottom interfaces of Fe. The hyperfine field distribution depends on the layer sequence and the differences could be attributed to a different B concentration distribution at the top and bottom Fe–B interface.     

一种可控纳米柱阵列的研制

在一次阳极氧化法制备多孔氧化铝(anodized aluminum oxide,AAO)的基础上,进行了二次、三次、四次氧化制备AAO,并对多次氧化制备多孔AAO的电流变化曲线和模板表面的形貌特点等进行了比较分析.二次、三次、四次氧化制备的AAO纳米孔孔径依次增大、孔间距减小,而模板表面的纳米孔有序性分布没有明显变化.控制一次氧化AAO模板的除膜时间,～10 min即可得到孔径规则、高度有序的AAO膜.最后,利用所制备的不同孔深和孔径的AAO为模板,通过热纳米压印复制技术制备了长度和直径等性质可控的PMMA纳米柱阵列. 关键词： 纳米柱阵列 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 多孔氧化铝模板 多次氧化法     

Experimental observation of two‐layer TiO2 nanotube arrays prepared by stepping‐voltage anodization

Two‐layer TiO₂ nanotube arrays were produced by stepping down the anodic voltage during which three nanotube interface structures between the top layer and the second layer were observed by SEM. We detected a polygonal ring structure on the top surface of the second layer and offer direct evidence of the growth of this second tube layer both at the cell boundary and right beneath the bottom of the first tube layer. For these processes, a possible growth mechanism is presented. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Research on the propagation of guided waves in multi-layered plates

The dispersion characteristics and excitation mechanisms of the guided waves in multilayered plates are studied in this paper. Firstly, the dispersion equation is obtained by the propagator matrix method. Then, the bisection technique is employed to find all the roots of the dispersion equation. The dispersion characteristics of the guided waves are investigated and analyzed. For the multilayered plates in which the S-wave velocity increases or decreases from top to bottom, it is found that the velocity limits in high frequency of the first and high modes are equal to the Rayleigh wave and S-wave velocities of the low-velocity layer, respectively. It is also found that the velocity limits in the high frequency of all modes are equal to the S-wave velocity of the low-velocity layer for the plate with a low-velocity middle layer. The normal displacement spectrum of all the modes excited by the normal force source with a definite width on the surface of the plate is also investigated. It is proved that the dominant mode is the first mode when the S-wave velocity increases from top to bottom layer and the dominant mode is different in different frequency range for the plate with a low-velocity middle layer.     

基于多叉树的梯形图向指令表转换算法

针对目前可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）编辑软件中梯形图向指令表转化算法的缺陷,通过对梯形图语言的分析与研究,并考虑到梯形图和指令表在实际应用时的优劣点,提出了一种借助多叉树来实现PLC梯形图向指令表转换的算法。该算法采取从左至右,从上至下的扫描原则将梯形图构建成多叉树,借助多叉树来反应图符间的逻辑关系,然后通过后序遍历多叉树来得到指令表程序。此算法在处理多重串并联结构梯形图时具有更高的效率,同时适用于堆栈指令,使得该算法具有更好的通用性。     

二维颗粒堆积中压力问题的格点系统模型

为了便于从理论上探究粮仓效应产生的机理,处理筒仓中颗粒介质的应力分布等问题,将二维颗粒堆积简化为格点系统,并且以随机堆积为物理背景提出了一个由吸收系数p及侧向传递系数q决定的力传递模型.给出了矩阵形式的力传递方程,提出基于二阶差分方程的方法同时求解传递系数矩阵的特征值和特征向量,从理论上导出了一种典型情况下容器底部压力分布与顶部压力分布的关系式.对有效质量随总质量变化关系的理论分析表明,该模型可以给出与Janssen模型类似的结果.对无负载情况下的底部应力分布进行了理论计算,结果表明容器底部中央应力最大,离中央越远应力越小.运用数值计算讨论了p与q对容器底部压力随堆积高度变化曲线的影响.     

Optimal Performance and Application for Seagull Optimization Algorithm Using a Hybrid Strategy

This paper aims to present a novel hybrid algorithm named SPSOA to address problems of low search capability and easy to fall into local optimization of seagull optimization algorithm. Firstly, the Sobol sequence in the low-discrepancy sequences is used to initialize the seagull population to enhance the population’s diversity and ergodicity. Then, inspired by the sigmoid function, a new parameter is designed to strengthen the ability of the algorithm to coordinate early exploration and late development. Finally, the particle swarm optimization learning strategy is introduced into the seagull position updating method to improve the ability of the algorithm to jump out of local optimization. Through the simulation comparison with other algorithms on 12 benchmark test functions from different angles, the experimental results show that SPSOA is superior to other algorithms in stability, convergence accuracy, and speed. In engineering applications, SPSOA is applied to blind source separation of mixed images. The experimental results show that SPSOA can successfully realize the blind source separation of noisy mixed images and achieve higher separation performance than the compared algorithms.     

Correlation between stress profiles of cubic boron nitride thin films and the phase sequence revealed from infrared data

Cubic boron nitride thin films have been ion-beam-assisted deposited on silicon cantilever structures and subsequently back-etched in order to study the stress evolution and finally the growth mechanisms. After each sputtering step, the film stress, the remaining thickness, and the IR data were examined. In this way, the layered sequence of cBN on top of a hBN base layer, influencing the development of the intrinsic film stress, could be studied in detail. The observed stress distribution can be divided into three regions. First, a non-cubic base layer with a constant stress value is formed, followed by a linear increase in the stress after cBN nucleation as a result of the coalescence of cBN nanocrystals. Finally, the stress reaches a second plateau characteristic of the cBN top layer. In addition, the layered sequence was verified by the evolution of the FTIR spectra. Furthermore, the fraction of the sp²-bonded material of the cBN top layer was determined from the IR data. For various deposition conditions, a linear relationship between the stress of the nanocrystalline cBN top layer and the amount of sp³-bonded material was observed. From this, it can be concluded that stress relaxation occurs at the sp²-bonded grain boundary material. No evidence for stress relaxation after cBN nucleation was found. Received: 27 August 1999 / Accepted: 31 August 1999 / Published online: 3 November 1999     

分层固体板中导波的激发与频散特性

针对无限大弹性分层固体板,研究了结构中导波的频散和激发特性。首先使用传递矩阵法推导分层板模型中导波的频散方程,然后用二分法求取导波各模式的频散曲线,进而分析结构中导波的频散特性。结果表明:在速度递增或递减的分层板中,基阶模式和高阶模式的高频极限分别等于低速层的瑞利波速和横波波速。对于含低速夹层的分层板,所有模式的高频极限都等于低速层的横波速度。在导波激发特性方面,研究了在具有一定宽度的法向力源作用下的分层板中导波各模式在结构中的法向位移谱。发现在速度递增的分层板结构中基阶模式是主导模式,而对于速度递减和含低速夹层模型,主导模式在不同的频段范围内对应不同的导波模式。      

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Convective Heat Transfer in a Multiple-ventilated Enclosure with Discrete Heat Sources

The experimental and numerical investigation of convective heat transfer in a rectangular cavity of aspect ratio (L/H) = 5 has been presented in this study. The comparison of experimental results is done with a two-dimensional numerical model considered with steady and turbulent flow conditions. Six different arrangements (bottom/bottom/bottom, top/top/top, right/top/left, bottom/top/right, bottom/top/left, and bottom/right/left) were considered. The lowest and highest hotspot temperatures were observed in bottom/bottom/bottom and bottom/right/left arrangements, respectively. For similar configurations, the bottom/bottom/bottom arrangement displays better heat transfer performance, while heat transfer performance is inferior for the bottom/right/left arrangement than all other configurations.