Integral Equations, Dichotomy of Evolution Families on the Half-Line and Applications

The purpose of this paper is to provide a new, unified and complete study for uniform dichotomy and exponential dichotomy on the half-line. First we deduce conditions for the existence of uniform dichotomy, using classes of function spaces over _+{\mathbb {R}_+} which are invariant under translations. After that, we obtain a classification of the main classes of function spaces over \mathbb R₊{\mathbb {R}_+}, in order to deduce necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of exponential dichotomy, emphasizing on the main technical qualitative properties of the underlying spaces. We motivate our approach by illustrative examples and show that the main hypotheses cannot be dropped. We provide optimal methods regarding the input space in the study of dichotomy and deduce as particular cases some interesting situations as well as several dichotomy results published in the past few years.     

Exponentially Dichotomous Operators and Exponential Dichotomy of Evolution Equations on the Half-Line

To an evolution family on the half-line of bounded operators on a Banach space X we associate operators I_X and I_Z related to the integral equation and a closed subspace Z of X. We characterize the exponential dichotomy of by the exponential dichotomy and the quasi-exponential dichotomy of the operators X we associate operators I_X and I_Z, respectively.     

Resonances for the Dirac Operator on the Half-Line

Functional Analysis and Its Applications - We consider the inverse problem for a massless Dirac operator on the half-line such that the support of its potential has fixed upper boundary and solve...     

Absolute and Convective Instabilities of Semi-bounded Spatially Developing Flows

We analyse the absolute and convective instabilities of, and spatially amplifying waves in, semi-bounded spatially developing flows and media by applying the Laplace transform in time to the corresponding initial-value linear stability problem and treating the resulting boundary-value problem on ?⁺ for a vector equation as a dynamical system. The analysis is an extension of our recently developed linear stability theory for spatially developing open flows and media with algebraically decaying tails and for fronts to flows in a semi-infinite domain. We derive the global normal-mode dispersion relations for different domains of frequency and treat absolute instability, convectively unstable wave packets and signalling. It is shown that when the limit state at infinity, i.e. the associated uniform state, is stable, the inhomogeneous flow is either stable or absolutely unstable. The inhomogeneous flow is absolutely stable but convectively unstable if and only if the flow is globally stable and the associated uniform state is convectively unstable. In such a case signalling in the inhomogeneous flow is identical with signalling in the associated uniform state.     

Projection Methods for Integral Equations on the Half-Line

Convergence results are proved for projection methods for integralequations of the form are such that Wiener-Hopf integral equations are included in our analysis. The convergenceresults indicate that the iterated-projection solution may exhibitsuperconvergence. The case of collocation using piecewise-constantbasis functions applied to an integral equation with kernel is discussed in detail, and numerical results are given. For this example superconvergence of the iteratedsolution, and hence also of the collocation solution at thecollocation points, is both proved theoretically and observednumerically.     

Pointwise Exponentially Weighted Estimates for Approximation on the Half-Line

We establish a theorem in the style of Timan-Gopengauz which provides pointwise estimates for the simultaneous approximation of a function and its derivatives in the space C[0, ∞), with error measured in an exponentially weighted norm.     

The Initial-Boundary-Value Problems for the Hirota Equation on the Half-Line

An initial boundary-value problem for the Hirota equation on the half-line,00, is analysed by expressing the solution q(x, t) in terms of the solution of a matrix Riemann-Hilbert(RH) problem in the complex k-plane. This RH problem has explicit(x, t) dependence and it involves certain functions of k referred to as the spectral functions. Some of these functions are defined in terms of the initial condition q(x,0) = q₀(x), while the remaining spectral functions are defi...     

Estimates on Complex Eigenvalues for Dirac Operators on the Half-Line

We derive bounds on the location of non-embedded eigenvalues of Dirac operators on the half-line with non-Hermitian L ¹-potentials. The results are sharp in the non-relativistic or weak-coupling limit. In the massless case, the absence of discrete spectrum is proved under a smallness assumption.     

Compressible Modes of the Rotating-Disk Boundary-Layer Flow Leading to Absolute Instability

This work is devoted to the clarification of the viscous compressible modes particularly leading to absolute instability of the three-dimensional generalized Von Karman's boundary-layer flow due to a rotating disk. The infinitesimally small perturbations are superimposed onto the basic Von Karman's flow to achieve linearized viscous compressible stability equations. A numerical treatment of these equations is then undertaken to search for the modes causing absolute instability within the principle of Briggs–Bers pinching. Having verified the earlier incompressible and inviscid compressible results of [ 1–3 ], and also confirming the correct match of the viscous modes onto the inviscid ones in the large Reynolds number limit, the influences of the compressibility on the subject matter are investigated taking into consideration both the wall insulation and heat transfer. Results clearly demonstrate that compressibility, as the Mach number increases, acts in favor of stabilizing the boundary-layer flow, especially in the inviscid limit, as far as the absolute instability is concerned, although wall heating and insulation greatly enhances the viscous absolutely unstable modes (even more dramatic in the case of wall insulation) by lowering down the critical Reynolds number for the onset of instability, unlike the wall cooling.     

Two Novel Characterizations of Self-Decomposability on the Half-Line

Two novel characterizations of self-decomposable Bernstein functions are provided. The first one is purely analytic, stating that a function \(\varPsi \) is the Bernstein function of a self-decomposable probability law \(\pi \) on the positive half-axis if and only if alternating sums of \(\varPsi \) satisfy certain monotonicity conditions. The second characterization is of probabilistic nature, showing that \(\varPsi \) is a self-decomposable Bernstein function if and only if a related d-variate function \(C_{\psi ,d}\), \(\psi :=\exp (-\varPsi )\), is a d-variate copula for each \(d \ge 2\). A canonical stochastic construction is presented, in which \(\pi \) (respectively \(\varPsi \)) determines the probability law of an exchangeable sequence of random variables \(\{U_k\}_{k\in {\mathbb {N}}}\) such that \((U_1,\ldots ,U_d) \sim C_{\psi ,d}\) for each \(d \ge 2\). The random variables \(\{U_k\}_{k\in {\mathbb {N}}},\) are i.i.d. conditioned on an increasing Sato process whose law is characterized by \(\varPsi \). The probability law of \(\{U_k\}_{k \in {\mathbb {N}}}\) is studied in quite some detail.     

The Best Extension Operators for Sobolev Spaces on the Half-Line

We describe the construction of extension operators with minimal possible norm _m from the half-line to the entire real line for the spaces and derive the asymptotic estimate , where

高阶Chen-Lee-Liu方程在半直线上的初边值问题

该文运用Fokas方法分析了高阶Chen-Lee-Liu方程在半直线上的初边值问题,证明了高阶Chen-Lee-Liu方程初边值问题的解可以用复λ平面上的矩阵Riemann-Hilbert问题的形式解唯一表示.     

半无穷区间二阶微分方程边值问题的多个正解的存在性

利用Leggett-Williams不动点定理,研究半无穷区间边值问题的多个正解的存在性．     

The Generalized Dirichlet to Neumann Map for the KdV Equation on the Half-Line

For the two versions of the KdV equation on the positive half-line an initial-boundary value problem is well posed if one prescribes an initial condition plus either one boundary condition if q _t and q _xxx have the same sign (KdVI) or two boundary conditions if q _t and q _xxx have opposite sign (KdVII). Constructing the generalized Dirichlet to Neumann map for the above problems means characterizing the unknown boundary values in terms of the given initial and boundary conditions. For example, if {q(x,0),q(0,t)} and {q(x,0),q(0,t),q _x (0,t)} are given for the KdVI and KdVII equations, respectively, then one must construct the unknown boundary values {q _x (0,t),q _xx (0,t)} and {q _xx (0,t)}, respectively. We show that this can be achieved without solving for q(x,t) by analysing a certain “global relation” which couples the given initial and boundary conditions with the unknown boundary values, as well as with the function Φ ^(t)(t,k), where Φ ^(t) satisfies the t-part of the associated Lax pair evaluated at x=0. The analysis of the global relation requires the construction of the so-called Gelfand–Levitan–Marchenko triangular representation for Φ ^(t). In spite of the efforts of several investigators, this problem has remained open. In this paper, we construct the representation for Φ ^(t) for the first time and then, by employing this representation, we solve explicitly the global relation for the unknown boundary values in terms of the given initial and boundary conditions and the function Φ ^(t). This yields the unknown boundary values in terms of a nonlinear Volterra integral equation. We also discuss the implications of this result for the analysis of the long t-asymptotics, as well as for the numerical integration of the KdV equation.     

Some Problems for Cubic Nonlinear Equations on a Half-Line

The paper deals with a problem of developing an inverse-scattering based formalism for solving problems for the cubic nonlinear (or the modified Korteweg–de Vries (KdV)) equations: q _t +q _xxx +6q ² q _x =0, 0x<, –<t<,q _t +q _xxx –6q ² q _x =0, with the given initial and boundary conditions: q(x,0)=q(x),q(0,t)=p(t), p(t)L ₁(–,). The relation between the solution of the initial-boundary value problem (1), (3), (4) and that of the KdV equation on the half-line is shown. The Cauchy problem for the cubic nonlinear equation: q _t +q _xxx –6|q|² q _x =0, 0x<, –<t<, with the given initial condition (3) is considered also. Here we solve the above problems on the half-line 0x< but with –<t<.     

半直线上随机环境中随机游动的极限性质

文对右半直线上在0点带有反射壁的随机环境中随机游动进行了研究,得到了在环境是平稳遍历条件下的常返准则及在环境是独立同分布条件下的一个强大数定律和中心极限定理.