Stochastic Schrödinger operators and Jacobi matrices on the strip

We discuss stochastic Schrödinger operators and Jacobi matrices with wave functions, taking values in ^l so there are 2l Lyaponov exponents ₁..._l0 _l+1..._2l =–₁. Our results include the fact that if ₁=0 on a set positive measure, thenV is deterministic and one that says that {E|exactly 2j 's are zero} is the essential support of the a.c. spectrum of multiplicity 2j.Research partially supported by USNSF under grant DMS-8416049     

Anderson localization for the almost Mathieu equation: A nonperturbative proof

We prove that for any diophantine rotation angle and a.e. phase the almost Mathieu operator (H()) _n = _n–1 + _n+1 +cos(2(+n)) _n has pure point spectrum with exponentially decaying eigenfunctions for 15. We also prove the existence of some pure point spectrum for any 5.4.     

Positron annihilation anomaly in the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−x

We have measured the ac susceptibility of a wire with a Nb core (1.27 mm diam.) and a Cu cladding (0.37 mm thickness) atT50 K andB0.1 mG. Due to its proximity to Nb, the Cu becomes fully superconducting. From the data we find a breakdown fieldH _b =1.2 (mG) and a coherence length =2.2T ^–1/2 (m) for the Cu, as well as a field penetration depth -34T ^1/2 (m) at the Cu/Nb interface.     

Semiclassical quantum mechanics

We consider the 0 limit of the quantum dynamics generated by the HamiltonianH()=–(²/2m)+V. We prove that the evolution of certain Gaussian states is determined asymptotically as 0 by classical mechanics. For suitable potentialsV inn3 dimensions, our estimates are uniform in time and our results hold for scattering theory.Supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant PHY 78-08066     

The spectrum of a quasiperiodic Schrödinger operator

The spectrum (H) of the tight binding Fibonacci Hamiltonian (H _mn= _m,n+1+ _m+1,n + _m,n v(n),v(n)= ((n–1)), 1/ is the golden number) is shown to coincide with the dynamical spectrum, the set on which an infinite subsequence of traces of transfer matrices is bounded. The point spectrum is absent for any , and (H) is a Cantor set for 4. Combining this with Casdagli's earlier result, one finds that the spectrum is singular continuous for 16.On leave from the Central Research Institute for Physics, Budapest, Hungary     

Convergence of Nelson fiffusions

Let _t, _t ⁿ ,n1, be solutions of Schrödinger equations with potentials form-bounded by –1/2 and initial data inH ¹( ^d ). LetP, P ⁿ ,n1, be the probability measures on the path space =C(₊, ^d ) given by the corresponding Nelson diffusions. We show that if { _t ⁿ } _n1 converges to _t inH ¹( ^d ), uniformly int over compact intervals, then converges to in total variation t0. Moreover, if the potentials are in the Kato classK _d , we show that the above result follows fromH ¹-convergence of initial data, andK _d -convergence of potentials.     

Minimum action solutions of some vector field equations

The system of equations studied in this paper is –u _i =g ⁱ (u) on ^d ,d2, withu: ^{d n} andg ⁱ (u)=G/u _i . Associated with this system is the action,S(u)={1/2|u|²–G(u)}. Under appropriate conditions onG (which differ ford=2 andd3) it is proved that the system has a solution,u 0, of finite action and that this solution also minimizes the action within the class {v is a solution,v has finite action,v 0}.Work partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation Grant PHY-81-16101-A02     

Existence of a Constant for Finite System Extinction

We show the existence of a constant (0, ) such that if ⁿ is the extinction time for a supercritical contact process on [1, n] ^d starting from full occupancy, then {log(E[ ⁿ])}/n ^d tend to as n tends to infinity.     

Renormalized field theory of the critical dynamics ofO(n)-symmetric systems

The critical dynamics of an-component order parameter of anO(n)-symmetric system is analyzed with a Gell'Mann-Low-type renormalization group equation ind=4– dimensions. Dynamical scaling holds forn>3/2+O(). Besides the dynamical exponentz=d/2 the correction exponents to order are found. To the same order the shape function of the dynamical order parameter correlation function is calculated which exhibits fluctuation induced peaks forn3 and extrapolated tod=3.     

On the Haar measure of the quantumSU(N) group

We prove that the Haar state associated to the compact matrix quantum groupSU (N) is faithful for ]–1,1[,0, and anyN2.     

On the asymptotic behaviour of infinite gradient systems

We consider gradient systems of infinitely many particles in one-dimensional space interacting via a positive invariant pair potential with a hard core. The main assumption is that is strictly convex within the rangeR of (whereR is a fixed number ). Under some technical conditions we prove the following theorems: Let the initial distribution be given by a translation invariant point process onR ¹. Then there exists only one extreme equilibrium state with a given intensityI() satisfyingI()R ^–1, and all ergodic initial distributions with an intensityI()R ^–1 converge weakly ast to the extreme equilibrium state with the same intensity.     

All unitary ray representations of the conformal group SU(2,2) with positive energy

We find all those unitary irreducible representations of the -sheeted covering group of the conformal group SU(2,2)/₄ which have positive energyP ⁰0. They are all finite component field representations and are labelled by dimensiond and a finite dimensional irreducible representation (j ₁,j ₂) of the Lorentz group SL(2). They all decompose into a finite number of unitary irreducible representations of the Poincaré subgroup with dilations.     

Intersections of random walks. A direct renormalization approach

Various intersection probabilities of independent random walks ind dimensions are calculated analytically by a direct renormalization method, adapted from polymer physics. This heuristic approach, based on Edwards' continuum model, leads to a straightforward derivation and also to refinements of Lawler's results for the simultaneous intersections of two walks in ⁴, or three walks in ³. These results are generalized toP walks in ^d *, ,P2. Ford<4, an infinite set of universal critical exponents _L ,L1, are derived. They govern the asymptotic probability thatL star walks in ^d , with a common origin, do not intersect before timeS. The _L 's are calculated up to orderO(²), whered=4–. This information is used to calculate the probability that a set of independent random walks in ^d or ^d ,d4, (respectivelyd3) form a given topological networks of multiple intersection points, in the absence of any other double point (respectively triple point). This is generalized to a network in dimension with exclusion ofP-tuple points. The method is quite general and can be used to calculate any critical intersection probability, and provides the probabilist with a large variety of exact results (yet to be proven rigorously).     

Statistical mechanical methods in particle structure analysis of lattice field theories

We illustrate on simple examples a new method to analyze the particle structure of lattice field theories. We prove that the two-point function in Ising and rotator models has an Ornstein-Zernike correction at high temperature. We extend this to Ising models at low temperatures if the lattice dimensiond3. We prove that the energy-energy correlation function at high temperatures (for Ising orN=2 rotators) decays according to mean field theory (i.e. with the square of the Ornstein-Zernike correction) ifd4. We also study some surface models mimicking the strong-coupling expansion of the glueball correlation function. In the latter model, besides Ornstein-Zernike decay, we establish the presence of two nearly degenerate bound states.     

Instantons in aU(1) lattice gauge theory: A Coulomb dipole gas

We study the decompositionA=A _I +A _SW of aU(1) lattice gauge field into instanton and spin wave parts. The action also decomposes,A=A _I +A _SW +R. HereA _I is a Coulomb dipole gas,A _SW is a zero mass free field, andR is a higher order remainder. We studyA _I in detail, ford4, in the dilute gas case (which corresponds to the low temperature limit of the gauge field theory). We establish the leading behavior of the free energy:f ^–d a. Here is the lattice spacing,a is a geometrical constant and is an activity defined in terms of a small number of instanton configurations. Our methods suggest the absence of screening in the dilute dipole gas,d4, in contrast to Debye screening for the dilute monopole gas.Supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant PHY 76-17191Supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant PHY 75-21212     

Amplitude and energy coefficients of reflected and refracted light

The tensor of reflected and refracted light was first introduced into the principal axes and then the latter were transformed into thep ands direction of the electric field strength. The amplitude coefficient of thep-components of refracted light has different forms depending on which complex unit vector is unit with respect to the square or the absolute value. The energy coefficient has the same value in both cases.

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, p s . p- , . .

     

Fractal drums and then-dimensional modified Weyl-Berry conjecture

In this paper, we study the spectrum of the Dirichlet Laplacian in a bounded (or, more generally, of finite volume) open set R ⁿ (n1) with fractal boundary of interior Minkowski dimension (n–1,n]. By means of the technique of tessellation of domains, we give the exact second term of the asymptotic expansion of the counting functionN() (i.e. the number of positive eigenvalues less than ) as +, which is of the form ^/2 times a negative, bounded and left-continuous function of . This explains the reason why the modified Weyl-Berry conjecture does not hold generally forn2. In addition, we also obtain explicit upper and lower bounds on the second term ofN().     

Are there critical points on the boundaries of singular domains?

Generalizing a result of E. Ghys, we prove a general theorem that implies that if a rational functionf of the Riemann sphere of degree 2 leaves invariant a singular domainC (a disk or a ring) on which the rotation number off satisfies a diophantine condition, provided that on f is injective, then each boundary component ofC contains critical point off. The injectivity condition is always satisfied for singular disks associated to linearizable periodic elliptic points off(z)=z ⁿ +a, withn,n2 anda. We also show that the singular disks, associated to periodic elliptic points off(z)=e ^az that satisfy a diophantine condition, are unbounded in . In the end of the paper, we give a survey of the theory of iteration of entire functions of .     

The Klein-Gordon equation with light-cone data

It is shown that the characteristic Cauchy problem ·u(x,t)=0,u(x,–|x|)=f(x),x ⁿ ,n1 has a unique finite energy weak solution for allf such that dx(|f|²+|f|²)< and all finite energy weak solutions of the equation are obtained in this way.     

Particles and scaling for lattice fields and Ising models

The conjectured inequality ⁽⁶⁾0 leads to the existence of _d ⁴ fields and the scaling (continuum) limit ford-dimensional Ising models. Assuming ⁽⁶⁾0 and Lorentz covariance of this construction, we show that ford6 these _d ⁴ fields are free fields unless the field strength renormalizationZ ^–1 diverges. Let be the bare charge and the lattice spacing. Under the same assumptions (⁽⁶⁾0, Lorentz covariance andd6) we show that if ^4–d is bounded as 0, thenZ ^–1 is bounded and the limit field is free.Supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant MPS 74-13252Supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant MPS 75-21212