Generalized uniform covering maps relative to subgroups

In “Rips complexes and covers in the uniform category” (Brodskiy et al., preprint [4]) the authors define, following James (1990) [5], covering maps of uniform spaces and introduce the concept of generalized uniform covering maps. Conditions for the existence of universal uniform covering maps and generalized uniform covering maps are given. This paper extends these results by investigating the existence of these covering maps relative to subgroups of the uniform fundamental group and the fundamental group of the base space.     

Uniform universal covers of uniform spaces

We develop a generalized covering space theory for a class of uniform spaces called coverable spaces. Coverable spaces include all geodesic metric spaces, connected and locally pathwise connected compact topological spaces, in particular Peano continua, as well as more pathological spaces like the topologist's sine curve. The uniform universal cover of a coverable space is a kind of generalized cover with universal and lifting properties in the category of uniform spaces and uniformly continuous mappings. Associated with the uniform universal cover is a functorial uniform space invariant called the deck group, which is related to the classical fundamental group by a natural homomorphism. We obtain some specific results for one-dimensional spaces.     

Dimension zero at all scales

We consider the notion of dimension in four categories: the category of (unbounded) separable metric spaces and (metrically proper) Lipschitz maps, and the category of (unbounded) separable metric spaces and (metrically proper) uniform maps. A unified treatment is given to the large scale dimension and the small scale dimension. We show that in all categories a space has dimension zero if and only if it is equivalent to an ultrametric space. Also, 0-dimensional spaces are characterized by means of retractions to subspaces. There is a universal zero-dimensional space in all categories. In the Lipschitz Category spaces of dimension zero are characterized by means of extensions of maps to the unit 0-sphere. Any countable group of asymptotic dimension zero is coarsely equivalent to a direct sum of cyclic groups. We construct uncountably many examples of coarsely inequivalent ultrametric spaces.     

Quasiminimal crystals with a volume constraint and uniform rectifiability

We establish here, in a quite general context, uniform rectifiability properties for quasiminimal crystals with a volume constraint. Namely we prove that to any quasiminimal crystal with a volume constraint corresponds a unique equivalent open set whose boundary is Ahlfors-regular and which satisfies the so-called condition B. Moreover implicit bounds in these properties, which imply the uniform rectifiability of the boundary, can be chosen universal. As a consequence we give a universal upper bound for the number of connected components of reduced quasiminimizers and we also prove that quasiminimal crystals with a volume constraint actually satisfy, in some universal way, an apparently stronger quasiminimality condition where admissible perturbations are not required to be volume-preserving anymore.     

A general theory of self-similarity

A little-known and highly economical characterization of the real interval [0,1], essentially due to Freyd, states that the interval is homeomorphic to two copies of itself glued end to end, and, in a precise sense, is universal as such. Other familiar spaces have similar universal properties; for example, the topological simplices Δn may be defined as the universal family of spaces admitting barycentric subdivision. We develop a general theory of such universal characterizations.This can also be regarded as a categorification of the theory of simultaneous linear equations. We study systems of equations in which the variables represent spaces and each space is equated to a gluing-together of the others. One seeks the universal family of spaces satisfying the equations. We answer all the basic questions about such systems, giving an explicit condition equivalent to the existence of a universal solution, and an explicit construction of it whenever it does exist.     

关于序列覆盖紧映射

本文利用了ｃｓ网、序列邻域网、序列开网和弱基的概念,讨论了空间中点正则覆盖,一致覆盖和点有限覆盖的点星网之间的关系．建立了度量空间在几类序列覆盖（紧）映射下象空间的特征,特别地证明了度量空间的序列覆盖（或１序列覆盖）紧映象等价于具有点正则ｃｓ网的空问,回答了Ｔａｎａｋａ等提出的一个问题．     

Group actions and covering maps in the uniform category

In Rips complexes and covers in the uniform category (Brodskiy et al. [4]) we define, following James (1990) [9], covering maps of uniform spaces and introduce, inspired by Berestovskii and Plaut (2007) [2], the concept of generalized uniform covering maps. In this paper we investigate when these covering maps are induced by group actions which allows us to relate our covering maps to those in Berestovskii and Plaut (2007) [2]. Also, as an application of our results we present an exposition of Prajs' (2002) [16] homogeneous curve that is path-connected but not locally connected.     

一致结构与一致覆盖族的非标准刻画

一致空间有三种等价描述方式,即通过满足各自条件的关系族,覆盖族和伪度量族.本文利用非标准分析的方法研究了一致空间,给出了一致结构与一致覆盖族的非标准刻画,并且利用（X×X）上的可滤单子化的等价关系构造了X上的一致结构.     

Configuration spaces are not homotopy invariant

We present a counterexample to the conjecture on the homotopy invariance of configuration spaces. More precisely, we consider the lens spaces L_7,1 and L_7,2, and prove that their configuration spaces are not homotopy equivalent by showing that their universal coverings have different Massey products.     

Stable model categories are categories of modules

A stable model category is a setting for homotopy theory where the suspension functor is invertible. The prototypical examples are the category of spectra in the sense of stable homotopy theory and the category of unbounded chain complexes of modules over a ring. In this paper we develop methods for deciding when two stable model categories represent ‘the same homotopy theory’. We show that stable model categories with a single compact generator are equivalent to modules over a ring spectrum. More generally stable model categories with a set of generators are characterized as modules over a ‘ring spectrum with several objects’, i.e., as spectrum valued diagram categories. We also prove a Morita theorem which shows how equivalences between module categories over ring spectra can be realized by smashing with a pair of bimodules. Finally, we characterize stable model categories which represent the derived category of a ring. This is a slight generalization of Rickard's work on derived equivalent rings. We also include a proof of the model category equivalence of modules over the Eilenberg-Mac Lane spectrum HR and (unbounded) chain complexes of R-modules for a ring R.     

Computational aspects of general minimax optimization

With an optimization problem of minimax type, we associate another problem which is, in turn, of maxmin type. We show that both the problems are equivalent in a sense and they have the same optimal value. The results obtained here are intimately related to Chebyshev (or uniform) approximation theory.     

Small loop spaces

The importance of small loops in the covering space theory was pointed out by Brodskiy, Dydak, Labuz, and Mitra in [2] and [3]. A small loop is a loop which is homotopic to a loop contained in an arbitrarily small neighborhood of its base point and a small loop space is a topological space in which every loop is small. Small loops are the strongest obstruction to semi-locally simply connectedness. We construct a small loop space using the Harmonic Archipelago. Furthermore, we define the small loop group of a space and study its impact on covering spaces, in particular its contribution to the fundamental group of the universal covering space.     

Spectral theory of difference operators with almost constant coefficients II

We show that the operators whose coefficients are approximately constant in a general sense have an absolutely continuous spectrum which is equal to that of the corresponding constant coefficient operator. For such operators, the absolutely continuous spectrum can be read off from the associated characteristic polynomial. This generalizes the classical results on second-order operators and extends those of higher order differential operators to the difference setting. Our approach relies on an analysis of the associated difference equation with the help of uniform asymptotic summation techniques.     

Classification of real Nash fibre bundles

Let G be a compact subgroup of an orthogonal group and X an affine, real, semialgebraic Nash variety. A principal Nash G-bundle over X is said to be strongly Nash if it is induced, up to Nash equivalences, of some universal bundle under a Nash map. Not all Nash bundles are strongly Nash and we denote by S(X, G) the class of strongly Nash G-bundles over X. The principal aim of this paper is to prove the following classification theorem: two bundles of S(X, G) are Nash equivalent if and only if they are topologically equivalent; more,there exists a bijection between the family of the classes of Nash equivalent bundles of S(X, G) and , where is the sheaf of germs of the continous maps from X to G. This result leads to find the largest class of principal Nash G-bundles over X in which the topological equivalence always implies the Nash one. Well, we prove that this class is exactly S(X, G). Research partially supported by M.I.U.R.     

Probabilistische Topologien

Referring only to closed L-fuzzy sets we introduce a concept of probabilistic topological spaces including random metric spaces ([17]) statistical metric spaces ([9][15]) and fuzzy uniform spaces studied by Lowen [11]. In particular probabilistic topologies in the sense of Frank [5] satisfying the additional property (R3) are equivalent to systems of closed [0, 1]-fuzzy sets. Moreover random topologies as well as fuzzy topologies ([3],[13]) equipped with the property (03) can be considered as probabilistic topologies.     

Permissible growth rates for Birkhoff type universal harmonic functions

A harmonic function H on is said to be universal (in the sense of Birkhoff) if its set of translates is dense in the space of all harmonic functions on with the topology of local uniform convergence. The main theorem includes the result that such functions, H, can have any prescribed order and type. The growth result is compared with a similar known theorem for G.D. Birkhoff's universal holomorphic functions and contrasted with known growth theorems for MacLane-type universal harmonic and holomorphic functions.     

Universal categories of uniform and metric locales

Recall that a category is called universal if it contains an isomorphic copy of any concrete category as a full subcategory. In particular, if is universal then every monoid can be represented as the endomorphism monoid of an object in . A major obstacle to universality in categories of topological nature are the constant maps (which prevent, for instance, representing nontrivial groups as endomorphism monoids). Thus, to obtain, say, a universal category of uniform spaces, the constants have to be prohibited by artificial additional conditions (for instance, conditions of an openness type). Since in generalized spaces (locales) we do not necessarily have points, the question naturally arises as to whether we can get rid of surplus conditions in search of universality there. In this paper we prove that the category of uniform locales with all uniform morphisms is universal. Indeed we establish the universality already for the subcategory of very special uniform locales, namely Boolean metric ones. Moreover, universality is also obtained for more general morphisms, such as Cauchy morphisms, as well as for special metric choices of morphisms (contractive, Lipschitz). The question whether one can avoid uniformities remains in general open: we do not know whether the category of all locales with all localic morphisms is universal. However, the answer is final for the Boolean case: by a result of McKenzie and Monk ([10], see Section 4) one cannot represent groups by endomorphisms of Boolean algebras without restriction by an additional structure.We use only basic categorical terminology, say, that from the introductory chapters of [9]. All the necesasary facts concerning generalized spaces (frames, locales) and universality are explicitly stated. More detail on frames (locales) can be found in [8] and on universality and embeddings of categories in [11].Presented by E. Fried.     

Derived equivalences between associative deformations

We prove that if two associative deformations (parameterized by the same complete local ring) are derived Morita equivalent, then they are Morita equivalent (in the classical sense).