(1,1,2,2-四甲基二硅桥连)双(四甲基环戊二烯基)四羰基二铁与碘的反应

标题化合物(Me~2SiSiMe~2)[η^5-(C~5Me~4)Fe(CO)]~2(μ-CO)~2 (1)与碘在苯中反应, 生成碘插入Fe-Fe键的碘正离子桥连二铁化合物(Me~2SiSiMe~2)[η^5-(C~5Me~4)Fe(CO~2)]~2I~n^+·I~n^-(n=3, 3: n=5, 4)。如反应在氯仿中进行, 则只能分离到Fe-Fe键断裂的双铁碘化物(Me~2SiSiMe~2)[η^5-(C~5Me~4)Fe(CO)~2I]2, (2)。将4溶于Me~2SO/Me~2CO中, 则其分子内的I~5^-与Fe-I^+-Fe两部分相互作用, 也生成碘桥断裂的产物。以元素分析、IR、^1H NMR谱表征了2-4的分子结构, 并经X射线衍射测定了2的晶体及分子结构。     

MgO活化甲烷碳氢键的密度泛函研究

在B3LYP/6-311 + G（2d, 2p）水平上计算了MgO + CH_4 → Mg+CH_3OH反应的 单态势能曲线。结果发现MgO和CH_4发生相互作用,首先形成两种类型的分子-分子 复合物（MgOCH_4和OMgCH_4）;分子-分子复合物OMgCH_4能发生进一步转化,即 MgO插入到CH_4的C-H键中,产生中间体HOMgCH_3,此中间体在本反应中是能量上最 稳定的构型;它还有可能进一步发生反应,产生原子-分子复合物MgCH_3OH,但其 活化能太高,为299.8kJ·mol~(-1),是整个反应的速率控制步骤;最后一步是 MgCH_3OH放出CH_3OH分子,整个反应放热146.1 kJ·mol~(-1)。     

(1,1,2,2-四甲基二硅桥连)双(四甲基环戊二烯基)四羰基二铁与碘的反应

标题化合物(Me~2SiSiMe~2)[η^5-(C~5Me~4)Fe(CO)]~2(μ-CO)~2 (1)与碘在苯中反应, 生成碘插入Fe-Fe键的碘正离子桥连二铁化合物(Me~2SiSiMe~2)[η^5-(C~5Me~4)Fe(CO~2)]~2I~n^+·I~n^-(n=3, 3: n=5, 4)。如反应在氯仿中进行, 则只能分离到Fe-Fe键断裂的双铁碘化物(Me~2SiSiMe~2)[η^5-(C~5Me~4)Fe(CO)~2I]2, (2)。将4溶于Me~2SO/Me~2CO中, 则其分子内的I~5^-与Fe-I^+-Fe两部分相互作用, 也生成碘桥断裂的产物。以元素分析、IR、^1H NMR谱表征了2-4的分子结构, 并经X射线衍射测定了2的晶体及分子结构。     

TATB与二氟甲烷以及与聚偏二氟乙烯的分子间相互作用

动用密度泛函理论(SFT)B3LYP方法,取3－21G*基组,求得TATB(1,3,5-三氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯)与CH~2F~2混合体系的三种优化构型以Boys-Bernardi方案校正基组叠加误差求得结合能。在B3LYP/6----311G*//B3LYP/3---21G*水TATB与CH~2F~2间的最大结合能为4.62kJ·mol^-1,还用MO－PM3方法计算TATB与---（CF~2CH~2}－(N=1,2,3,4,5,)的混合体系,由色散校正电子相关近似地求得其结合能力。当n＝5时,求得TATB与－（CF~2CH~2）--~n的最大结合能约为52.97kJ·MOL^-1。此外,自然键轨道分析用于讨论TATB与CH~2F~2之间的电荷转移。     

过渡金属氧化物(M2O5)+m=1,2(M=V, Nb, Ta)与C2H4气相反应机理的密度泛函研究

采用密度泛函理论研究了过渡金属钒族氧化物阳离子团簇(M2O5)+m=1,2(M=V, Nb, Ta)与C2H4气相反应机理. 反应为(M2O5)m++C2H4→(M2O5)m-1M2O4++C2H4O, 反应物先化合生成C—O键相连的化合物, 经过过渡态后M—O键断裂, 从而发生氧原子转移到碳氢化合物上的反应. 对于V2O5+与C2H4的反应, 存在经顺式和反式两种过渡态结构路径, 从能量上看, 经反式过渡态结构的路径更有利. 计算结果表明, 发生反应时C2H4与钒氧化物阳离子反应大量放热, 而与铌、钽氧化物阳离子反应却放热较少甚至不放热, 这与实验结果一致. 钒、铌、钽氧化物阳离子团簇发生氧转移反应活性不同的原因是金属-氧键的强弱不同所致.     

电场对金属串配合物M3(dpa)4Cl2 (M=Co,Rh, Ir; dpa=dipyridylamide)结构的影响

应用密度泛函理论PBE0 方法研究具有分子导线潜在应用的金属串配合物M₃(dpa)₄Cl₂ (1: M=Co, 2: M=Rh, 3: M=Ir; dpa=dipyridylamide)在电场作用下的几何和电子结构. 结果表明: 配合物基态均是二重态. 1和2的M₃⁶⁺金属链形成三中心三电子σ键, 3 中M₃⁶⁺形成三中心四电子σ键且存在弱的δ键. 随金属原子周期数增大其M―M键增强、LUMO与HOMO能隙减小、金属原子的反铁磁耦合减弱以至消失且自旋密度向配体的离域增强. 在Cl4→Cl5 电场作用下, 低电势端的M3－Cl5 键缩短, 高电势端的M2―Cl4 键增长, M―M平均键长略为缩短, M―M键增强, 有利于分子线的电子传递; 分子能量降低, 偶极矩线性增大. 低电势端Cl5的负电荷向高电势端Cl4 转移, 且3 中金属原子的正电荷由高电势端向低电势端的转移较明显, 自旋电子由低电势端向高电势端金属原子移动, 但桥联配体dpa^-与M和Cl 所在的分子轴间没有电荷转移. 电场使LUMO与HOMO能隙减小, 有利于分子的电子输运. 随金属原子周期数增大, 电场作用下M―M平均键长变化减小, LUMO、HOMO的能级交错现象减少.     

3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮(NTO)热分解机理的对称破缺密度泛函理论研究

共价键均裂在含能分子的热分解过程中普遍存在,因此极为重要.然而,以往的理论研究通常用键能(ΔH,BDE)估算均裂能垒,因忽略了熵效应,必然造成较大误差.采用对称破缺密度泛函方法(BS-UB3LYP/6-311+G**),对含能分子3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮(NTO)的热分解机理进行了系统研究和梳理,计算了共价键均裂的过渡态及能垒.结果表明,C—NO₂键均裂和随后的自由基复合是最优途径,能垒为216.9 k J?mol^-1 (523 K).随后产生的NO自由基通过多次“复合-均裂”过程促进三唑中间体开环,分解为HNCO,N₂O和CO等小分子,它们相互反应又生成NO₂,N₂和CO₂.这些分解产物与诸多实验观测结果一致.     

K(FOX-7)·H_2O的合成、晶体结构和热行为

利用1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7)和KOH在甲醇水体系中合成了一种新型有机钾盐,并培养出K(FOX-7)·H2O单晶.该晶体属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数:a=0.7493(2)nm,b=0.9767(3)nm,c=2.0035(5)nm,α=90.017(4)°,β=97.129(4)°,γ=90.019(4)°,V=1.4548(7)nm3,Dc=1.865g/cm3,μ=0.724mm-1,F(000)=832,Z=8,R1=0.0523,wR2=0.1082.K(FOX-7)·H2O的热分解行为可分为一个脱水和两个放热分解过程,且第一放热分解反应的表观活化能和指前因子分别为135.9kJ/mol和1012.17s-1.热爆炸的临界温度为212.02℃.同时,利用微量热法测定了K(FOX-7)·H2O的比热容,298.15K时的摩尔热容为210.88J·mol-1·K-1.用测得的比热容方程计算了298.15K为基础的FOX-7的热力学函数,并得到了绝热至爆时间为15.7～16.8s之间的某一值.     

固相配位化学反应研究 ⅩⅩⅩⅧ.双核配合物[Co(NH_3)_5H_2O][M(CN)_6](M=Co,Fe)的热分解动力学

本文用气相色谱、质谱法研究了双核配合物[Co(NH_3)_5H_2O][M(CN)_6](M=Co,Fe)的热分解反应,直接测量到多种气相产物并分别计算了各平行反应的热分解动力学参数,结果与前人用TGA、DSC等方法推测出的气相产物及计算出的动力学参数不一致.发现这类配合物的热分解反应过程并非单一反应,而是由连串反应和平行反应构成的复杂反应.     

[Cr^IIIFe^IIIM^IIO(CH~3CO~2)~6Py~3]Py(M=Mn,Co,Ni)晶体的合成、结构及电子光谱研究

本文应用醋酸铬(Ⅱ)在吡啶溶液中置换[Fe~2MO(CH~3CO~2)~6(H~2O)~3]·nH~2O(M=Mn,Co,Ni)中三价铁离子的反应,制备了三个标题化合物.从测定的晶胞参数可以确定它们为异质同晶,进而测定其中[FeCrCoO(CH~3CO~2)~6Py~3]·Py三核物的晶体结构.晶体属三方晶系,a=1.7516,c=1.1027nm,V=2.9297nm^3,Z=3,空间群R32.同时还研究了三个标题化合物吡啶溶液的民电子光谱,应用配位场理论对有关金属离子的d-d跃迁谱带进行归属和配位场参数的计算.     

乙硼烷(B~2H~6)在醚溶液中分解的理论研究

以二甲醚模拟四氢呋喃在乙硼烷分解过程中的作用。B3LYP/6-31G^*的计算结果发现,硼烷的分解是一个两步过程,每一步中均有一个醚分子与一个硼原子形成硼氧配位键,且只有一个氢桥键断裂。第一步反应的活化能为42.30kJ·mol^-^1,第二步的为4.33kJ·mol^-^1。当考虑溶剂效应时,第一步的活化能更降低为28.03kJ·mol^-^1。     

Ab initio pseudopotential study of M2As− and M2Br+ (M = Cu,Ag, Au)

The equilibrium geometries and the vibration frequencies of M₂As⁻ and M₂Br⁺ (M = Cu, Ag, Au) are calculated at the Hartree–Fock (HF) and the second‐order Møller–Plesset (MP2) levels with pseudopotentials. The calculated results indicate that the species have a bent structure (C_2v). The electron correlation corrections on the geometrical structure are investigated at the MP2 level, the bond angles are reduced by 10°–20° for considered species. The electron correlation effects on the geometry of the Au₂As⁻ are studied particularly at MP2, MP3, MP4, CCSD and CCSD(T) levels. Comparing the species containing Ag and Au, the relativistic effects slightly short the bond lengths of the species. The bonding possibility of the Au₂As⁻ is predicted. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Quant Chem 80: 38–43, 2000     

Thermochemistry of Lewis adducts of BH3 and nucleophilic substitution of triethylamine on NH3BH3 in tetrahydrofuran

The thermochemistry of the formation of Lewis base adducts of BH(3) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution and the gas phase and the kinetics of substitution on ammonia borane by triethylamine are reported. The dative bond energy of Lewis adducts were predicted using density functional theory at the B3LYP/DZVP2 and B3LYP/6-311+G** levels and correlated ab initio molecular orbital theories, including MP2, G3(MP2), and G3(MP2)B3LYP, and compared with available experimental data and accurate CCSD(T)/CBS theory results. The analysis showed that the G3 methods using either the MP2 or the B3LYP geometries reproduce the benchmark results usually to within ~1 kcal/mol. Energies calculated at the MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level for geometries optimized at the B3LYP/DZVP2 or B3LYP/6-311+G** levels give dative bond energies 2-4 kcal/mol larger than benchmark values. The enthalpies for forming adducts in THF were determined by calorimetry and compared with the calculated energies for the gas phase reaction: THFBH(3) + L → LBH(3) + THF. The formation of NH(3)BH(3) in THF was observed to yield significantly more heat than gas phase dative bond energies predict, consistent with strong solvation of NH(3)BH(3). Substitution of NEt(3) on NH(3)BH(3) is an equilibrium process in THF solution (K ≈ 0.2 at 25 °C). The reaction obeys a reversible bimolecular kinetic rate law with the Arrhenius parameters: log A = 14.7 ± 1.1 and E(a) = 28.1 ± 1.5 kcal/mol. Simulation of the mechanism using the SM8 continuum solvation model shows the reaction most likely proceeds primarily by a classical S(N)2 mechanism.     

Novel Chemistry of the Aromatic 1,2,4-Triphospholyl and 1,3,-Diphospholyl Anions,P 3 C 2 t Bu 2 and P 2 C 3 t Bu 3 , and the 1,3,5-Triphosphabenzene,P 3 C 3 t Bu 3

Oxidative coupling of the P 3 C 2 t Bu 2 anion with I 2 affords a convenient synthetic route to the remarkable hexaphosphapentaprismane cage P 6 C 4 t Bu 4 , which undergoes ready insertion reactions of carbene like fragments such as S, Se, Te, SnR 2 specifically into the P--P bond, which in turn connects the two P 3 C 2 t Bu 2 fragments. Di- and tri-phospholyl compounds MP 3 C 2 t Bu 2 (M = Ga, In, Tl), M'(P 3 C 2 t Bu 2 ) 2 (M' = Zn, Cd, Hg), and [1 + 4] cyclo-additions of the triphosphabenzene, P 3 C 3 t Bu 3 , and extrusion of the t BuC or P moeities from the 6-membered ring are presented.     

Ab initio方法研究CH~3+OClO反应的可能通道

利用abinitio方法研究了CH~3+OClO反应的三个可能通道,首次应用UMP2(full)/6-31G(d,p)方法得到各反应物、产物、中间物及过渡态的优化构型和谐振频率;然后采用G2MP2理论计算各通道反应焓变和势垒高度。理论计算表明产物通道CH~2O+HOCl是最可能发生的途径,反应放热为443.80kJ·mol^-^1。可能的反应过程为：CH~3和OClO自由基先经无垒过程生成了一个富能中间物,继而通过较低的势垒解离成HOCl+H~2CO。     

PH~3...H~2O体系分子间相互作用的从头计算MO研究

在MP2/6-311++G(3d,3p)水平,对PH~3...H~2O体系可能存在的氢键复合物进行了全自由度能量梯度优化,发现PH~3...H~2O体系存在三个能量极小结构A,B和C。其中结构A和B以H~2O作为质子授体,结构C以PH~3作为质子授体,结构A较结构B和C分别稳定6.52kJ/mol和8.18kJ/mol。结构A具有C~s对称性,其结构中P原子和O原子间距离为354.78nm,键角OHP为171.35ⅲ,属于接近于直线的传统型氢键结构。进一步在高级电子相关校正的MP4SDTQ下,用6-311++G(3df,3pd)基加上键函数{3s3p2d1f},通过BSSE校正,精确计算了结构A的结合能为-10.84kJ/mol。     

SiO2在CH3ONO→CH3O+NO解离中作用的理论研究

利用B3LYP方法,在6-31 G^ 基组下研究了在SiO2存在下的CH3ONO→CH3O NO解离反应．计算了全优化下的解离反应,以及固定SiO2的键长和键角做部分优化下的解离反应．在反应中SiO2与CH3ONO相接近,O-N键逐渐伸长,生成复合物,放出热量,进一步促进了CH3ONO中NO的解离．     

tBuP(NH2)2--a reactive synthon for the synthesis of molecular imidophosphinates of group 13 metals

Reactions of tBuP(NH(2))(2) with Group 13 trialkyls MR(3) (M=Al, Ga, In; R=Me, tBu) were investigated in detail. According to variable-temperature (VT) NMR investigations, the reaction proceeds stepwise with the initial formation of aminophosphane adducts, which subsequently react to give iminophosphorane adducts and finally the heterocyclic metallonitridophosphinates. BP86/TZVPP (DFT) calculations were performed to verify this reaction pathway, to elucidate the influence of the central Group 13 element on the stability of the reaction intermediates and the heterocycles, as well as to assess the thermodynamics of their formation. The relative stability of free and complexed aminophosphane RP(NH(2))(2) and iminophosphorane R(H(2)N)(H)P=NH (adducts) with P(III) and P(V) centers was studied in more detail with DFT and MP2 methods. In addition, the influence of the substituent R was investigated by variation of R from H to Me, tBu, F, and NH(2). In general, the aminophosphane form was found to be favored for the free ligand, however, upon complexation with MR(3) (M=Al, Ga; R=alkyl) both forms are almost equal in energy.