共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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在NaSh模型的基础上,考虑交通事故和养护路段等意外事件对高速公路交通流的影响,建立了有意外事件影响的在车道管制下的高速公路交通流元胞自动机模型,并进行数值模拟. 研究发现:意外事件对高速公路交通流有明显影响,并且意外事件对交通流的影响在某一密度值范围内尤其明显,且意外事件堵塞点在第一车道比在第二车道对交通流的影响小;同时,在该密度值范围内,意外事件堵塞时间和堵塞路段长度越长,对交通流的影响就越大.
关键词:
元胞自动机
交通流
意外事件 相似文献
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在Nagel-Schrekenberg单车道元胞自动机交通流模型的基础上,考虑车辆之间的相对运动以及车辆减速概率对交通状态的影响,提出了一种改进的单车道元胞自动机交通流模型.并以该模型进行计算机模拟,结果表明,在车流状态的演化过程中,通过确定减速概率与车辆密度的指数v关系来控制车流量,不同的v值车流量不同,对车辆运动出现堵塞相的相变点有影响.当v约为0.75时,模拟结果与实测结果符合.随着车辆密度的增加,车辆的局域聚集程度加大,平均速度下降增大,将出现不稳定的车辆聚集的堵塞相.在车辆的运动过程中,车流的运
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机
减速概率
堵塞相 相似文献
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采用双车道元胞自动机模型,分析了考虑驾驶心理的城市道路交通流特性.针对驾驶员在城市道路行驶时在换道与减速制动方面的不同心理,分别引入了反映驾驶心理的选择换道概率Ps与安全参数λ.通过计算机模拟,给出了不同选择换道概率与安全参数条件下的车辆速度、密度与流量间的关系,并分析了不同驾驶心理对于交通系统的影响.研究发现:选择换道概率对交通流的速度影响并不明显,但选择换道概率的增大会导致速度的方差增大而降低行车安全;而安全参数的增大可以获得更快的平均车速和更大的交通
关键词:
元胞自动机
驾驶心理
选择换道概率
计算机模拟 相似文献
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在经典单路段元胞自动机交通流模型的基础上,将多个路段视为一个道路系统,提出并研究了多路段条件下的交通流问题.针对多路段道路的特点,通过引入车辆流入规则、路口随机慢化规则和路口车辆流入规则,控制车辆从上一路段流入下一路段.首先提出了"汽车池"的概念,来控制每一路口车辆的流入;然后通过路口随机慢化,来模拟路口对交通的影响;最后,当车辆离开时,依直行率进入下一路段,实现车流的继续流动.同时,通过数值模拟,仿真了不同条件下的交通情况,对重要参数进行了研究.结果表明,出现了混合流这一新的现象,拥堵地段与非拥堵地段间存在明显的界限.拥堵往往最先从路口开始,然后蔓延到整个路段.多路段道路还存在临界突变的特性.随着车辆流入概率的增大,路口对平均速度和车流密度的影响愈加明显.当流入概率超过一定阈值时,车辆缓慢地增加也会引起整体道路通行能力的迅速下降. 相似文献
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在分析应急车辆对城市道路交通流影响的基础上, 引入让行状态参数、警笛影响区域和强制换道安全距离等特征变量, 修改换道规则, 建立了多车道元胞自动机模型, 并进行数值模拟. 结果表明, 车道数量和混合车辆比例系数在低密度范围内影响车辆速度及换道次数, 警笛影响区域参数改变了一定范围内车辆的换道次数, 应急车辆强制换道安全距离参数主要影响应急车辆的速度及换道次数.研究发现, 应急车辆对低密度交通流的扰动现象明显, 其与社会车辆相互作用参数的设置使得交通流元胞自动机模型更接近应急条件下实际交通运行.
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机
应急车辆 相似文献
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在Biham等人提出的二维元胞自动机交通流模型基础上,建立了基于agent的二维元胞自动机城市交通流模型,该模型考虑了对外交通对城市交通流的影响。模拟了在存在对外交通概率情况下路网的结构对城市交通的影响.结果表明,较小的对外交通概率就会对城市交通状况产生较大的影响,在一定条件下适当增加中心车站的数量对城市交通状况有所改善。 相似文献
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Based on the Ishibashi and Fukui crossroad traffic flow model [Y. Ishibashi and M. Fukui. J. Phys. Soc. Japan. 70 (2001) 2793], mixed traffic flow (i.e., the fast and slow vehicles with different maximum velocities are mixed) is investigated in this work. According to the numerical simulation results and the principle for constructing the phase diagram, phase diagrams for mixed traffic flow are constructed. It is noted that the topology of these phase diagrams is similar to that of phase diagrams for homogeneous vehicles (which refers to slow vehicles only). From the phase diagrams, it is evident that mixed traffic flow is influenced by the mixing rate f (fraction of slow and fast vehicles) in regions II and V, but not in other regions. Although a mixture of fast and slow vehicles is introduced in the crossroad traffic flow model, the separation between phases in the phase diagrams remains linear. For a given q (the vehicle density on the northbound road), one flow plateau appears in regions IIx or IVy, while two maximum flow plateaus appear in region V in each of the phase diagrams. The maximum flow values in region V reflect the maximum traffic capacity for the traffic system as defined in this work. Since mixed traffic flow is a common phenomenon in real traffic, this work may offer help in real traffic simulations and traffic management. 相似文献
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Traffic flow modeling is an elusive example for the emergence of complexity in dynamical systems of interacting objects. In this work, we introduce an extension of the Nagel-Schreckenberg (NaSch) model of vehicle traffic flow that takes into account a defensive driver’s reaction. Such a mechanism acts as an additional nearest-neighbor coupling. The defensive reaction dynamical rule consists in reducing the driver’s velocity in response to deceleration of the vehicle immediately in front of it whenever the distance is smaller than a security minimum. This new mechanism, when associated with the random deceleration rule due to fluctuations, considerably reduces the mean velocity by adjusting the distance between the vehicles. It also produces the emergence of bottlenecks along the road on which the velocity is much lower than the road mean velocity. Besides the two standard phases of the NaSch model corresponding to the free flow and jammed flow, the present model also exhibits an intermediate phase on which these two flow regimes coexist, as it indeed occurs in real traffics. These findings are consistent with empirical results as well as with the general three-phase traffic theory. 相似文献
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Effect of acceleration threshold on the phase transition in a cellular automaton traffic flow model 下载免费PDF全文
In this paper, we incorporate new parameters into a cellular automaton traffic flow model proposed in our previous paper [Jin et al. 2010 J. Stat. Mech. 2010 P03018]. Through these parameters, we adjust the anticipated velocity and the acceleration threshold separately. It turns out that the flow rate of synchronized flow mainly changes with the anticipated velocity, and the F → S phase transition feature mainly changes with the acceleration threshold. Therefore, we conclude that the acceleration threshold is the major factor affecting the F → S phase transition. 相似文献
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考虑影响随机延迟概率的几种因素:当车速预期大于车距时,车辆处于减速状态,对前车状态变化的随机延迟反应较大,具有的延迟概率较大;当车速预 期 等于车距时,车辆处于平稳跟随行驶状态,具有的延迟概率较小;当车速预期小于车距时,车辆处于加速状态,其延迟概率最小. 计算机数值模拟得到的基本图不同于NaSch模型的基 本图,在基本图上出现阻塞的范围内存在两个不同的区域,分别对应于具有不同激波速度的交通阻塞. 同时,研究了交通阻塞到消散的滞后现象.
关键词:
交通流
元胞自动机模型
基本图
交通阻塞 相似文献