Amount of sterols and triterpenoids in leaves and petioles of leaf-shedding and standard lines of cotton plant

The amount of free and bound sterols and triterpenoids in the leaf blades and petioles of the variety Tashkent-1 and the deciduous lines L-275 and L-470 in the budding-flowering, maturing, and leaf-fall phases have been compared. In the leaf blades, the maximum accumulation of free sterols in the deciduous lines is observed in an earlier phase than in the variety Tashkent-1, and this is most characteristic for sterols saturated in the C-17 side chain. The dynamics of the change in the content of unsaturated sterols is individual for each line. The nature of the change in the amount of free sterols in the petioles is typical for each line and does not depend on the nature of the sterol for the variety Tashkent-1 this index falls sharply in the leaf-fall phase while for L-275 the process is retarded between the second and third phases, and for L-470 in the same period the amount of these substances rises sharply. In the leaf blades, as a rule, the level of sterol esters changes in parallel with the levels of free sterols, and in the petioles in the antiparallel direction between the first and second phases. In all the samples free and bound amyrin was detected. The dynamics of the change in the amounts of these substances in the three lines were different. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Institute of Experimental Plant Biology, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 6, pp. 796–805, November–December, 1989.     

Identification of some endogenous metabolites in the leaves of dwarf and tall lines of the cotton plant

The components of cottonplant leaves have been studied. A GC-MS analysis has been made of the secondary metabolites (SMs) in the total extractives of the leaves of cotton plants with different phenotypic characteristics. It has been found that a change in the genotype leads to a change in the composition of the SMs.Deceased.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 484–489, May–June, 1995. Original article submitted October 31, 1994.     

New sterols and triterpenoids from four edible mushrooms

Four edible mushrooms, Panellus serotinus, Lepista nuda, Tricholoma matsutake and Naematoloma sublateritium, have been investigated chemically. Two new sterols, 5alpha,9alpha-epidioxy-(22E)-ergosta-7,22-diene-3beta,6alpha-diol (1) and 5alpha,9alpha-epidioxy-(22E)-ergosta-7,22-diene-3beta,6beta-diol (2), have been isolated from Panellus serotinus. Compound 2 was also isolated from Lepista nuda. A new sterol, 3beta,5alpha,9alpha,14beta-tetrahydroxy-(22E)-ergosta-7,22-dien-6-one (3), and compound 2 have been isolated from Tricholoma matsutake. Three new triterpenoids, sublateriols A-C (4-6), have been isolated from Naematoloma sublateritium. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their spectral data.     

Pentacyclic triterpenoids from leaves of Excoecaria agallocha

A new oleanane-type triterpenoid (1) and five known pentacyclic triterpenoids (2-6) were isolated from the leaves of Excoecaria agallocha. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. The new compound was characterized as 3beta-[(2E,4E)-5-oxo-decadienoyloxy]-olean-12-ene (1). Compounds 1-6 were found inactive in vitro against several human cancer cell lines.     

Mass-spectrometric investigation of sterol and triterpenoid esters from leaves of the cotton plant

The qualitative composition of two fractions of extractive substances isolated from the leaves of a cotton plant of the variety 108-F and containing sterol and triterpenoid esters with saturated and unsaturated aliphatic acids having chain lengths of from C₁₂ to C₃₀ has been studied by a group of mass-spectrometric methods. A total of 45 compounds was detected.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 208–215, March–April, 1990.     

Induction by Cytodef of the biosynthesis of endogenous ethylene and cellulase and the change in the composition of the proteins in the leaf-shedding zone of the cotton plant

The influence of the defoliant Cytodef (Tsitodef) on the formation of ethylene and the activity of cellulase in the separating zone of cottonplant leaves has been investigated. It has been established that Cytodef is an inductor of a number of biochemical reactions taking place at the membrane and genetic levels and leading to leaf shedding.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 463–466, May–June, 1995. Original article submitted October 5, 1994.     

Composition and inhibiting action of a fraction of secondary metabolites from cotton plant leaves

The qualitative and quantitive compositions of fractions from the leaves of two self-pinching-out lines of cotton plant and of the standard variety 108-F have been determined in parallel by mass chromatography, and differences in their contents of the main metabolites have been determined. A fraction of the secondary metabolites (SMs) obtained from mature leaves of a cotton plant of the self-pinching-out line L-49 has shown a retardant activity in treatment of the growth points of plants of the Tashkent-1 variety. Deceased.     

The protopectin of the leaves and petioles of Sosnovskii's cowparsnip and heartleaf colewort

Summary 1. The protopectins of the petioles and leaves of Sosnovskii's cowparsnip and heartleaf colewort have been studied. It has been shown that the protopectins of wild-growing herbs are similar to the pectins of fruit and vegetables.2. The heterogeneity of the pectins isolated has been shown by the fractionation method. Two main fractions were obtained — neutral (weakly acidic) and acidic.M. V. Lomonosov Odessa Technological Institute of the Food Industry. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 760–763, November–December, 1977.     

Glycolipids of the leaves of a cotton plant of the 175-F variety

The amounts and the quantitative and fatty acid compositions of the classes of lipids from the leaves of a healthy cotton plant of the wilt-resistant variety 175-F and of such a plant artificially infected with Verticillium dahliae have been determined. Quantitative 'changes in individual classes of lipids under the action of infection have been revealed.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 801–804, November-December, 1995. Original article submitted May 22, 1995.     

Composition and inhibiting action of a fraction of secondary metabolites from cotton plant leaves

The qualitative and quantitive compositions of fractions from the leaves of two self-pinching-out lines of cotton plant and of the standard variety 108-F have been determined in parallel by mass chromatography, and differences in their contents of the main metabolites have been determined. A fraction of the secondary metabolites (SMs) obtained from mature leaves of a cotton plant of the self-pinching-out line L-49 has shown a retardant activity in treatment of the growth points of plants of the Tashkent-1 variety.Deceased.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 278–285, March–April, 1994.     

New triterpenoids from the leaves of Abrus precatorius

Three new (1-3) triterpenoids and one known (4) triterpenoid were isolated from an acid hydrolyzed methanol-soluble extract of the leaves of Abrus precatorius. Their structures were identified as (20S,22S)-3beta,22-dihydroxycucurbita-5(10),24-diene-26,29-dioic acid delta-lactone (1), 3-O-[6'-methyl-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl]-3beta,22beta-dihydroxyolean-12-en-29-oic acid methyl ester (2), 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosylsophoradiol methyl ester (3), and sophoradiol (4) by spectroscopic techniques including 2D NMR.     

Post-infectional changes in the phospholipids of the leaves of a cotton plant variety resistant toVerticillium dahliae

The class and fatty acid compositions of the phospholipids (PLs) of young leaves of healthy, cotton plants of the wilt-resistant variety 175-F and of plants of the same variety infected with the pathogenic fungusVerticillium dahliae Kleb. have been determined. The positional distributions of the fatty acids in the main classes of PLs have been established, and their possible molecular compositions have been calculated. The changes in the composition of the PLs taking place under the influence of infection have been elucidated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 210–216, March–April, 1997.     

Antibacterial triterpenoids from the leaves of Ilex hainanensis Merr.

One new triterpenoid (1) and seven known analogues (2–8) were isolated from the leaves of Ilex hainanensis Merr.. Their structures were established by analysis of their MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data and comparison with those in the literature. The antibacterial activity of compounds 1–8 were evaluated by determination of minimum inhibitory concentration using twofold microdilution broth method against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 (Gram-positive) and Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 10953 (Gram-negative). Compounds 3 and 5 showed significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans in concentration of 9.7 μg/mL, while showed little antibacterial activity against F. nucleatum. On the contrary, the inhibitory activity of compounds 1, 2 and 6 against F. nucleatum were higher than them against S. mutans.     

Tetracyclic triterpenoids from the leaves of Azadirachta indica and their insecticidal activities

A new tetranortriterpenoid, meliatetraolenone [24,25,26,27-tetranor-apotirucalla-(apoeupha)-6alpha-O-methyl, 7alpha-senecioyl(7-deacetyl)-11alpha,12alpha,21,23-tetrahydroxy-21,23-epoxy-2,14,20(22)-trien-1,16-dione] (1) was isolated from the methanolic extract of fresh leaves of Azadirachta indica along with the known compound odoratone (3) which was hitherto unreported from this source. Their structures have been elucidated by spectral studies including 2D NMR. The insecticidal activities of 1 as well as those of odoratone (3) are reported. 1 and odoratone both showed mortality on fourth instar larvae of mosquitoes (Anopheles stephensi) with LC(50) values of 16 and 154 ppm, respectively.