超细亚晶粒铝合金的强化机理

在室温下对经过时效处理的2024铝合金实施了等效应变为0.5的等通道转角挤压(ECAP)变形,将形变强化、时效强化和晶界细化强化有机结合,制备出超细亚晶粒铝合金,其硬度、屈服强度、伸长率分别约达100 HV,130 MPa和31%.分析探讨了超细亚晶粒2024铝合金的强化机理.研究结果表明,屈服强度的实测数值和理论计算...     

固溶和时效处理对碳纳米管/2024铝合金复合材料组织和性能的影响

对碳纳米管/2024铝合金复合材料进行固溶和时效处理,通过维氏硬度和室温拉伸实验测试了复合材料的性能,对固溶和时效处理后复合材料的微观组织和析出相进行了表征。研究发现,复合材料的强塑性与固溶和时效处理密切相关,碳纳米管/2024铝合金复合材料经530 ℃×4 h固溶处理后维氏硬度达到最高,为179.45,较原始复合材料维氏硬度提高约31%。时效处理后加速了时效硬化行为,经130 ℃×4 h时效处理后复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率最高,分别为430.4 MPa,606.1 MPa和9.5%。结果表明,碳纳米管/2024铝合金复合材料适宜的固溶和时效制度为：固溶处理530 ℃×4 h,时效处理130 ℃×4 h。     

再结晶退火对ECAP变形5083铝合金力学性能的影响

为改善5083铝合金的力学性能,先后对其进行一道次等通道转角挤压处理及再结晶退火处理,再进行拉伸实验,分析变形温度、变形速率对合金伸长率和抗拉强度的影响,并观察合金的断口形貌.结果表明,在拉伸温度为100℃,应变速率为6.67×10-4 s-1时,合金的抗拉强度最高,达到319.7 MPa;当拉伸温度为300℃,应变速率为1.67×10-4 s-1时,合金的伸长率最大,达到75.8％.在拉伸变形过程中,合金出现应变硬化和应变软化现象,并且伴随有锯齿形流变现象.拉伸试样的断裂形式宏观表现为韧性断裂,微观形式为穿晶断裂,断口形貌由韧窝组成.随着变形温度的升高,韧窝的数量增多,尺寸变大,分布变均匀.     

固溶时间对7050铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用金相组织观察(OM)、常温拉伸试验以及扫描电镜(SEM)等研究了固溶保温时间对7050铝合金固溶程度、微观组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明:随着固溶时间的增加,合金组织的回复再结晶程度增大,变形晶粒转变为等轴晶粒.7050铝合金中的难溶相Al7Cu2Fe和Al2CuMg随着固溶时间的延长仍然难以溶解;7050铝合金较理想固溶处理制度为477℃固溶1 h,经过121℃时效24 h后合金的力学性能最佳,Rm=605 MPa、Rp0.2=547MPa、A=12.8%.     

铝合金强变形固溶及其时效特性的研究进展

介绍了强变形固溶现象及其研究发展过程、铝合金强变形固溶研究中有待解决的基本问题和强变形固溶铝合金的时效特性．同时,指出了铝合金强变形固溶的应用前景．     

固溶工艺对7055铝合金组织和性能的影响

在热挤压过程中,较低成形温度和较慢挤压速度导致7055铝合金在挤出后达不到良好的固溶效果.为了充分发挥高强合金的性能优势,需要进行离线固溶处理.首先,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)等测试技术,研究不同单级固溶制度下7055高强铝合金螺旋面型材的第二相分布、晶粒取向及形貌;其次...     

强化固溶对7055铝合金力学性能和断裂行为的影响

残余可溶结晶相颗粒是制约高强度铝合金力学性能的重要因素．作者通过改变固溶热处理条件并结合金相组织观察和断口分析研究了强化固溶对提高7055铝合金力学性能的作用．结果表明采取逐步升温固溶处理可使最终固溶温度超过多相共晶温度而不产生过烧组织,提高残余可溶结晶相的固溶程度和合金力学性能．强化固溶的7055合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别达715MPa和750MPa,且延伸率约为10％;微量元素Zr比Cr更有利于提高7055合金的力学性能,且在强化固溶条件下,提高效果更加明显．通过断口分析显示,合金的断裂属晶内韧窝断裂与沿晶断裂的混合断裂;强化固溶后,残余结晶相引起的晶内韧窝断裂减少,沿晶断裂增加     

7085铝合金固溶温度预热后的大应变变形强化

提出了一种工艺性能好并能将位错强化和其他强化机制有机结合的超高强7085铝合金制备技术路线,即先在固溶处理温度对7085铝合金进行预热,然后,进行铝合金冷却速度较快的大应变变形等通道转角挤压(ECAP）加工.结果表明,ECAP加工对7085铝合金产生的强化与所用模具的温度密切相关,与模具温度为400 °C的ECAP加工相比,模具温度为室温的ECAP加工对7085铝合金的强化效果显著.基于Taylor公式的定量计算结果表明,该显著的强化主要不是来自于位错强化的增加,而是来自于其他强化机制（沉淀强化、晶界/亚晶界强化等）的作用.     

热处理对挤压铸造2024铝合金组织与性能的影响

采用挤压铸造技术制备了2024铝合金管件,研究了固溶处理对析出相溶解过程的影响.结果表明:固溶处理初期,组织中θ和S相的数量逐渐减少,但在晶界的共晶相中还有一定的Cu含量;随固溶时间增加,合金基体中Cu和Mg的含量逐渐增多,晶界处的共晶相大部分固溶进入基体,合金的固溶强化作用主要来源于富Cu,Mg相的溶解.合金经过495℃固溶处理16 h+190℃时效12 h后,抗拉强度达到435 MPa,延伸率6.9%.     

高强铝合金快速固溶工艺研究

固溶工艺是制约高强铝合金力学性能和热处理生产率的主要因素．本文以7075铝合金为例通过高温预热装炉、分级固溶等方法研究了高强度铝合金的快速固溶工艺．并结合金相组织观察和力学性能测试，分析了快速固溶对高强铝合金组织和力学性能的影响．结果表明：①固溶时间相同时，分级固溶的强度高于单级固溶的强度，分级固溶的塑性略低于单级固溶的塑性．②分级固溶时，随着二级固溶时间的增加，材料的强度增加，塑性略有降低．③采用500℃高温预热装炉、470℃／5min＋485℃／9min固溶和140℃／6h＋150℃（2／1h时效明显缩短热处理时间，提高生产率，同时力学性能仍然达到了常规热处理的水平．     

Damage prediction of 7025 aluminum alloy during equal-channel angular pressing

Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is a prominent technique that imposes severe plastic deformation into materials to enhance their mechanical properties. In this research, experimental and numerical approaches were utilized to investigate the mechanical properties, strain behavior, and damage prediction of ECAPed 7025 aluminum alloy in various conditions, such as die channel angle, outer corner angle, and friction coefficient. Experimental results indicate that, after the first pass, the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and hardness magnitude are improved by approximately 95%, 28%, and 48.5%, respectively, compared with the annealed state, mainly due to grain refinement during the deformation. Finite element analysis shows that the influence of die channel angle is more important than that of outer corner angle or friction coefficient on both the strain behavior and the damage prediction. Also, surface cracks are the main cause of damage during the ECAP process for every die channel angle except for 90°; however, the cracks initiated from the neighborhood of the central regions are the possible cause of damage in the ECAPed sample with the die channel angle of 90°.     

Improvement of pitting corrosion resistance for Al-Cu alloy in sodium chloride solution through equal-channel angular pressing

Significant corrosion resistance improvement was achieved in solid-solution treated (T4) Al-Cu alloy after severe grain refinement through equal-channel angular pressing. The bulk ultrafine-grained Al-Cu alloy with grain sizes of 200 ? 300 nm has higher pitting potential (elevated by about 34 mV, SCE) and lower corrosion current density (decreased by about 3.88 μA/cm²) in polarization tests than the as-T4 alloy, and increased polarization resistance (increased by about 5.7 k ?·cm²) in electrochemical impendence spectrum tests, along with alleviated corrosion damage in immersion tests. Two factors responds to the improved corrosion resistance of the alloy: the first is the refinement of residual θ -phase (Al2Cu) particles leading to the lower micro-galvanic currents and reduced susceptibilities to pitting corrosion, the second is the mass of strain-induced crystalline defects provid ing more nucleation sites for the formation of more volume fractions of stable oxide film.     

Improvement of pitting corrosion resistance for Al-Cu alloy in sodium chloride solution through equal-channel angular pressing

Significant corrosion resistance improvement was achieved in solid-solution treated(T4) Al-Cu alloy after severe grain refinement through equal-channel angular pressing.The bulk ultrafine-grained Al-Cu alloy with grain sizes of 200-300 nm has higher pitting potential(elevated by about 34 mV,SCE) and lower corrosion current density(decreased by about 3.88μA/cm~2) in polarization tests than the as-T4 alloy,and increased polarization resistance(increased by about 5.7 kΩ·cm~2) in electrochemical impendence s...     

等通道转角挤压(ECAP)工艺的研究进展

对等通道转角挤压技术的基本原理和近年来的最新研究进展进行综述. 对挤压过程中晶粒细化机理和变形机理、影响挤压效果的因素分析认为,降低挤压温度、增加背压、减小入口摩擦并适当加大出口摩擦可以有效增加材料组织的均匀性. 认为ECAP加工后材料内部大角度晶界数的增加导致变形机制的改变,晶界滑移导致晶粒转动趋势的增加,这2方面的原因是产生超塑性的主要原因. 提出从单晶材料的织构层面揭示材料的微观组织演变及定量计算多晶体的宏观性质是今后的研究方向.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of ZE10 magnesium alloy prepared by equal channel angular pressing

ZE10 magnesium alloy was subjected to equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to 12 passes in a die with an angle of 120° between the two channels at 250-300℃. An inhomogeneous microstructure of bimodal grains including fine grains of 1-2 μm as well as coarse grains of about 20μm was obtained after the initial 1-4 ECAP passes. The grain size became increasingly homogeneous with further ECAP processing and the grains were significantly refined to 1-2 ktm after 8 passes and further refined to 0.5-1 μm after 12 passes. The alloy's yield strength changed slightly but the ductility improved greatly initially up to 4-6 passes corresponding to the bimodal grain microstructure. And after the subsequent pressing of more than 8 passes, the tensile strength including yield strength improved while the elongation decreased gradually.     

工业纯铝等径弯曲通道变形过程的数值模拟

等径弯曲通道变形(Equal ChannelAngularPressing简称ECAP)由于能直接制备块状超细晶材料而备受关注。通过对工业纯铝的ECAP变形过程进行有限元数值模拟,获得了变形过程的载荷变化规律和等效应变分布规律,并用坐标网格法对模拟结果进行了实验验证。在摩擦条件下,试样中区下表面的等效应变最大,至上表面处等效应变为最小。而在无摩擦理想情况下,其等效应变分布恰好相反,这可能是由于试样在ECAP变形过程中所受应力场和应变场的不同引起的。     

挤压速度对Ti6Al4V钛合金等通道转直角挤压过程 影响的数值模拟

采用Deform-3D有限元软件,对样品初始温度为900℃的Ti6Al4V钛合金等通道转直角挤压在0~5 mm/s的下压速度范围内进行了数值模拟。模拟计算结果表明：在相同的挤压速度下,试样通过转角后的温度降低速率减小;挤压速度越大,挤压过程所需的荷载越低,应变累积越小,等效应力越低,应力集中现象越少,挤压过程中试样的温降越小;本研究条件下,挤压速度值选定为5 mm/s。     

Microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of Al-2024 alloy processed via a rheocasting route

This article reports the effects of stirring speed and T6 heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-2024 alloy synthesized by a rheocasting process. There was a decrease in grain size of α-Al particles corresponding to an increase in stirring speed. By increasing the stirring speed, however, the globularity of matrix particles first increased and then declined. It was also found that the hardness, compressive strength, and compressive strain increased with the increase of stirring speed. Microstructural studies revealed the presence of nonsoluble Al₁₅(CuFeMn)₃Si₂ phase in the vicinity of CuAl₂ in the rheocast samples. The required time for the solution treatment stage was also influenced by stirring speed; the solution treatment time decreased with the increase in stirring speed. Furthermore, the rheocast samples required a longer homogenization period compared to conventionally wrought alloys. Improvements in hardness and compressive properties were observed after T6 heat treatment.     

多组元AlxTiVCrMnFeCoNiCu高熵合金的室温力学性能

依据多组元高混合熵合金的合金设计理念,设计了一族九组元AlxTiVCrMnFeCoNiCu高熵合金,并研究了该合金系室温力学性能.结果表明:(1)合金系具有超过1.3GPa的断裂强度,其中AlTiVCrMnFeCoNiCu合金达2.4GPa,同时AlTiVCrMnFeCoNiCu和Al2TiVCrMnFeCoNiCu两种合金还具有一定的压缩塑性;(2)合金系枝晶和枝晶间隙区均具有很高的显微硬度,且随Al含量的提高而近线性提高;(3)固溶强化机制、纳米相弥散强化机制和面心立方/体心立方相转变使得合金系具有很高的断裂强度和显微硬度.